{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2031-02-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2031-02-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2031-02-01","date_display":"February 1, 2031 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2031,"month":2,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462898.770833,"kali_year":5132,"ahargana":1874433.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.6145,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":34.3285,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":106.714,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.714},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":34.3285,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.6618},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":321.943},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2031,"month":2,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462898.770833,"ahargana":1874433.2708,"kali_year":5132,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2872,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.6737129999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":36.51611300000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.7169},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":192.61591299999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":274.00681299999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":237.33481300000005,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":312.07431299999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":37.56551300000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":223.5049,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":43.5049,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2031,"month":2,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462898.770833,"kali_year":5132,"ahargana":1874433.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.6145,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":34.3285,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":106.714,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.714},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":34.3285,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.6618},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":321.943},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.717,"elongation":106.714},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.717,"opposition_distance":73.286}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:42","sunsetLocal":"19:19","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":13.624338813976559,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 37 Mins 28 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 22 Mins 32 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:36","moonsetLocal":"00:55","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:06","end":"10:48","startHours":9.09803776512912,"endHours":10.801080116876191,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:12","end":"15:55","startHours":14.20716482037033,"endHours":15.910207172117401,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:42","end":"07:24","startHours":5.691953061634981,"endHours":7.394995413382051,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:52","end":"09:20","startHours":8.870965451562846,"endHours":9.325110078695397,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:16","end":"06:37","startHours":6.259633845550671,"endHours":6.622949547256713,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:03","end":"12:57","startHours":12.049977841490708,"endHours":12.958267095755811,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:53","end":"04:47","startHours":3.8753745531047734,"endHours":4.783663807369877,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:33","end":"05:42","startHours":4.556591493803602,"endHours":5.691953061634981,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:46","end":"15:41","startHours":14.77484560428602,"endHours":15.683134858551123,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:07","end":"19:31","startHours":19.11629187561154,"endHours":19.51629187561154,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:19","end":"19:53","startHours":19.31629187561154,"endHours":19.88397265952723,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:04","end":"20:49","startHours":19.06629187561154,"endHours":20.81629187561154,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:03","end":"00:57","startHours":24.049977841490705,"endHours":24.95826709575581,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:42","end":"07:24","startHours":5.691953061634981,"endHours":7.394995413382051,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:24","end":"09:06","startHours":7.394995413382051,"endHours":9.09803776512912,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:06","end":"10:48","startHours":9.09803776512912,"endHours":10.801080116876191,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:48","end":"12:30","startHours":10.801080116876191,"endHours":12.504122468623262,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:30","end":"14:12","startHours":12.504122468623262,"endHours":14.20716482037033,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:12","end":"15:55","startHours":14.20716482037033,"endHours":15.910207172117401,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:55","end":"17:37","startHours":15.910207172117401,"endHours":17.613249523864468,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:37","end":"19:19","startHours":17.613249523864468,"endHours":19.31629187561154,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"19:19","end":"20:37","startHours":19.31629187561154,"endHours":20.61324952386447,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:37","end":"21:55","startHours":20.61324952386447,"endHours":21.9102071721174,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:55","end":"23:12","startHours":21.9102071721174,"endHours":23.20716482037033,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:12","end":"00:30","startHours":23.20716482037033,"endHours":24.50412246862326,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:30","end":"01:48","startHours":24.50412246862326,"endHours":25.801080116876193,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:48","end":"03:06","startHours":25.801080116876193,"endHours":27.09803776512912,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:06","end":"04:24","startHours":27.09803776512912,"endHours":28.394995413382052,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:24","end":"05:42","startHours":28.394995413382052,"endHours":29.691953061634983,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:42","end":"06:42","startHours":5.691953061634981,"endHours":6.691953061634981,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:42","end":"07:42","startHours":6.691953061634981,"endHours":7.691953061634981,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:42","end":"08:42","startHours":7.691953061634981,"endHours":8.691953061634981,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:42","end":"09:42","startHours":8.691953061634981,"endHours":9.691953061634981,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:42","end":"10:42","startHours":9.691953061634981,"endHours":10.691953061634981,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:42","end":"11:42","startHours":10.691953061634981,"endHours":11.691953061634981,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:42","end":"12:42","startHours":11.691953061634981,"endHours":12.691953061634981,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:42","end":"13:42","startHours":12.691953061634981,"endHours":13.691953061634981,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:42","end":"14:42","startHours":13.691953061634981,"endHours":14.691953061634981,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:42","end":"15:42","startHours":14.691953061634981,"endHours":15.691953061634981,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:42","end":"16:42","startHours":15.691953061634981,"endHours":16.691953061634983,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:42","end":"17:42","startHours":16.691953061634983,"endHours":17.691953061634983,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:42","end":"18:42","startHours":17.691953061634983,"endHours":18.691953061634983,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:42","end":"19:42","startHours":18.691953061634983,"endHours":19.691953061634983,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:42","end":"20:42","startHours":19.691953061634983,"endHours":20.691953061634983,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:42","end":"21:42","startHours":20.691953061634983,"endHours":21.691953061634983,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:42","end":"22:42","startHours":21.691953061634983,"endHours":22.691953061634983,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:42","end":"23:42","startHours":22.691953061634983,"endHours":23.691953061634983,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:42","end":"00:42","startHours":23.691953061634983,"endHours":24.691953061634983,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:42","end":"01:42","startHours":24.691953061634983,"endHours":25.691953061634983,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:42","end":"02:42","startHours":25.691953061634983,"endHours":26.691953061634983,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:42","end":"03:42","startHours":26.691953061634983,"endHours":27.691953061634983,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:42","end":"04:42","startHours":27.691953061634983,"endHours":28.691953061634983,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:42","end":"05:42","startHours":28.691953061634983,"endHours":29.691953061634983,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-17.202774489795985,"eotMinutes":-13.689348117395623,"ayanamsa":24.2872}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2088,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","saka_samvat":1953,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1438,"malayalam_era":1207,"nanakshahi_year":562,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Navamī · Vikram 2088 Raktākṣī · Śaka 1953 Virodhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Śukla Navamī","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 1, 2031 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 1, 2031 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Navamī, sūryodaya 05:42, sūryāsta 19:19.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2031-02-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2031-02-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2031-02-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2031-02-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2031-02-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T20:07:37.504Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T20:07:37.504Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T20:07:37.504Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}