{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2030-12-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2030-12-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2030-12-20","date_display":"December 20, 2030 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2030,"month":12,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462855.770833,"kali_year":5132,"ahargana":1874390.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":243.4723,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":182.001,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":298.5287,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.5287},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":182.001,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.6677},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":65.4733},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":49,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2030,"month":12,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462855.770833,"ahargana":1874390.2708,"kali_year":5132,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2856,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":243.89065600000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":179.30825600000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.112},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":171.395356,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":233.73515599999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":228.55955600000004,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":258.361856,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":39.26065599999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":225.7833,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":45.7833,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2030,"month":12,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462855.770833,"kali_year":5132,"ahargana":1874390.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":243.4723,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":182.001,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":298.5287,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.5287},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":182.001,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.6677},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":65.4733},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":49,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.112,"elongation":61.471},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.112,"opposition_distance":118.529}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-10,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.714,"opposition_distance":2.237}]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:08","sunsetLocal":"19:22","solarNoonLocal":"12:15","dayLengthHours":14.23868744409166,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 14 Mins 19 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 45 Mins 41 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:30","moonsetLocal":"14:22","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:28","end":"12:15","startHours":10.465265444114063,"endHours":12.24510137462552,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:48","end":"17:35","startHours":15.804773235648435,"endHours":17.584609166159893,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:54","end":"08:41","startHours":6.9055935830911475,"endHours":8.685429513602605,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:27","end":"08:55","startHours":8.448118056201078,"endHours":8.922740971004133,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:43","end":"06:06","startHours":5.719036296083509,"endHours":6.098734627925953,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:46","end":"12:43","startHours":11.770478459822465,"endHours":12.719724289428575,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:14","end":"04:11","startHours":3.2272659933674683,"endHours":4.17651182297358,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:56","end":"05:08","startHours":3.9392003655720513,"endHours":5.12575765257969,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:34","startHours":14.618215948640797,"endHours":15.567461778246908,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:10","end":"19:34","startHours":19.16444509667135,"endHours":19.56444509667135,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:22","end":"19:57","startHours":19.36444509667135,"endHours":19.95772374017517,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:07","end":"20:52","startHours":19.11444509667135,"endHours":20.86444509667135,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:46","end":"00:43","startHours":23.770478459822463,"endHours":24.719724289428576,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:08","end":"06:54","startHours":5.12575765257969,"endHours":6.9055935830911475,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"06:54","end":"08:41","startHours":6.9055935830911475,"endHours":8.685429513602605,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:41","end":"10:28","startHours":8.685429513602605,"endHours":10.465265444114063,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:28","end":"12:15","startHours":10.465265444114063,"endHours":12.24510137462552,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:15","end":"14:01","startHours":12.24510137462552,"endHours":14.024937305136977,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:01","end":"15:48","startHours":14.024937305136977,"endHours":15.804773235648435,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:48","end":"17:35","startHours":15.804773235648435,"endHours":17.584609166159893,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:35","end":"19:22","startHours":17.584609166159893,"endHours":19.36444509667135,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"19:22","end":"20:35","startHours":19.36444509667135,"endHours":20.584609166159893,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:35","end":"21:48","startHours":20.584609166159893,"endHours":21.804773235648433,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:48","end":"23:01","startHours":21.804773235648433,"endHours":23.024937305136977,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:01","end":"00:15","startHours":23.024937305136977,"endHours":24.24510137462552,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:15","end":"01:28","startHours":24.24510137462552,"endHours":25.465265444114063,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:28","end":"02:41","startHours":25.465265444114063,"endHours":26.685429513602607,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:41","end":"03:54","startHours":26.685429513602607,"endHours":27.905593583091147,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:54","end":"05:08","startHours":27.905593583091147,"endHours":29.12575765257969,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:08","end":"06:08","startHours":5.12575765257969,"endHours":6.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:08","end":"07:08","startHours":6.12575765257969,"endHours":7.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:08","end":"08:08","startHours":7.12575765257969,"endHours":8.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:08","end":"09:08","startHours":8.12575765257969,"endHours":9.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:08","end":"10:08","startHours":9.12575765257969,"endHours":10.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:08","end":"11:08","startHours":10.12575765257969,"endHours":11.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:08","end":"12:08","startHours":11.12575765257969,"endHours":12.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:08","end":"13:08","startHours":12.12575765257969,"endHours":13.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:08","end":"14:08","startHours":13.12575765257969,"endHours":14.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:08","end":"15:08","startHours":14.12575765257969,"endHours":15.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:08","end":"16:08","startHours":15.12575765257969,"endHours":16.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:08","end":"17:08","startHours":16.12575765257969,"endHours":17.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:08","end":"18:08","startHours":17.12575765257969,"endHours":18.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:08","end":"19:08","startHours":18.12575765257969,"endHours":19.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:08","end":"20:08","startHours":19.12575765257969,"endHours":20.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:08","end":"21:08","startHours":20.12575765257969,"endHours":21.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:08","end":"22:08","startHours":21.12575765257969,"endHours":22.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:08","end":"23:08","startHours":22.12575765257969,"endHours":23.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:08","end":"00:08","startHours":23.12575765257969,"endHours":24.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:08","end":"01:08","startHours":24.12575765257969,"endHours":25.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:08","end":"02:08","startHours":25.12575765257969,"endHours":26.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:08","end":"03:08","startHours":26.12575765257969,"endHours":27.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:08","end":"04:08","startHours":27.12575765257969,"endHours":28.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:08","end":"05:08","startHours":28.12575765257969,"endHours":29.12575765257969,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvānkṣa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.423919379122527,"eotMinutes":1.851917522468745,"ayanamsa":24.2856}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2087,"vikram_samvatsara":"Rudhirodgāri","saka_samvat":1952,"saka_samvatsara":"Sādhāraṇa","bengali_samvat":1437,"malayalam_era":1206,"nanakshahi_year":561,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Daśamī · Vikram 2087 Rudhirodgāri · Śaka 1952 Sādhāraṇa"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 20, 2030 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 20, 2030 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Daśamī, sūryodaya 05:08, sūryāsta 19:22.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2030-12-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2030-12-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2030-12-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2030-12-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2030-12-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-22T16:51:07.892Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-22T16:51:07.892Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-22T16:51:07.892Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}