{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2029-12-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2029-12-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2029-12-16","date_display":"December 16, 2029 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2029,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462486.770833,"kali_year":5131,"ahargana":1874021.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":239.6318,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":3.8921,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":124.2603,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.2603},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":3.8921,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.8921},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":243.524},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2029,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462486.770833,"ahargana":1874021.2708,"kali_year":5131,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2715,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":240.081454,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":6.364754000000005,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.9516},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":277.50795400000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":260.193854,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":203.39605400000005,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":269.31485399999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":24.774253999999985,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":245.3346,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":65.3346,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2029,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462486.770833,"kali_year":5131,"ahargana":1874021.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":239.6318,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":3.8921,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":124.2603,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.2603},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":3.8921,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.8921},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":243.524},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.952,"elongation":124.26},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.952,"opposition_distance":55.74}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":5,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.064,"opposition_distance":1.118},{"offset_days":19,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.192,"elongation":0.543}]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:06","sunsetLocal":"19:20","solarNoonLocal":"12:13","dayLengthHours":14.227446452844859,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 13 Mins 39 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 46 Mins 21 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:05","moonsetLocal":"02:11","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:33","end":"19:20","startHours":17.549310472697282,"endHours":19.327741279302888,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:13","end":"14:00","startHours":12.214018052880458,"endHours":13.992448859486068,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:46","end":"17:33","startHours":15.770879666091673,"endHours":17.549310472697282,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:25","end":"08:54","startHours":8.420032332121831,"endHours":8.89428054721666,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:42","end":"06:04","startHours":5.693105095326565,"endHours":6.072503667402429,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:44","end":"12:41","startHours":11.73976983778563,"endHours":12.688266267975287,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:12","end":"04:09","startHours":3.2033019660787154,"endHours":4.151798396268372,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:55","end":"05:06","startHours":3.9146742887209585,"endHours":5.10029482645803,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:35","end":"15:32","startHours":14.5852591283546,"endHours":15.533755558544257,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:08","end":"19:32","startHours":19.12774127930289,"endHours":19.527741279302887,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:20","end":"19:55","startHours":19.327741279302888,"endHours":19.920551548171424,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:05","end":"20:50","startHours":19.077741279302888,"endHours":20.827741279302888,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:44","end":"00:41","startHours":23.73976983778563,"endHours":24.688266267975287,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:06","end":"06:53","startHours":5.10029482645803,"endHours":6.878725633063637,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"06:53","end":"08:39","startHours":6.878725633063637,"endHours":8.657156439669244,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:39","end":"10:26","startHours":8.657156439669244,"endHours":10.435587246274853,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:26","end":"12:13","startHours":10.435587246274853,"endHours":12.214018052880458,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:13","end":"14:00","startHours":12.214018052880458,"endHours":13.992448859486068,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:00","end":"15:46","startHours":13.992448859486068,"endHours":15.770879666091673,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:46","end":"17:33","startHours":15.770879666091673,"endHours":17.549310472697282,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:33","end":"19:20","startHours":17.549310472697282,"endHours":19.327741279302888,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:20","end":"20:33","startHours":19.327741279302888,"endHours":20.54931047269728,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:33","end":"21:46","startHours":20.54931047269728,"endHours":21.770879666091673,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:46","end":"23:00","startHours":21.770879666091673,"endHours":22.992448859486068,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:00","end":"00:13","startHours":22.992448859486068,"endHours":24.21401805288046,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:13","end":"01:26","startHours":24.21401805288046,"endHours":25.43558724627485,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:26","end":"02:39","startHours":25.43558724627485,"endHours":26.657156439669244,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:39","end":"03:53","startHours":26.657156439669244,"endHours":27.878725633063638,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:53","end":"05:06","startHours":27.878725633063638,"endHours":29.10029482645803,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":5.10029482645803,"endHours":6.10029482645803,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":6.10029482645803,"endHours":7.10029482645803,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.10029482645803,"endHours":8.100294826458029,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.100294826458029,"endHours":9.100294826458029,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.100294826458029,"endHours":10.100294826458029,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.100294826458029,"endHours":11.100294826458029,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.100294826458029,"endHours":12.100294826458029,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.100294826458029,"endHours":13.100294826458029,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.100294826458029,"endHours":14.100294826458029,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.100294826458029,"endHours":15.100294826458029,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.100294826458029,"endHours":16.10029482645803,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.10029482645803,"endHours":17.10029482645803,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.10029482645803,"endHours":18.10029482645803,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.10029482645803,"endHours":19.10029482645803,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.10029482645803,"endHours":20.10029482645803,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.10029482645803,"endHours":21.10029482645803,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.10029482645803,"endHours":22.10029482645803,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.10029482645803,"endHours":23.10029482645803,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.10029482645803,"endHours":24.10029482645803,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.10029482645803,"endHours":25.10029482645803,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.10029482645803,"endHours":26.10029482645803,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.10029482645803,"endHours":27.10029482645803,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.10029482645803,"endHours":28.10029482645803,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.10029482645803,"endHours":29.10029482645803,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.31601717581328,"eotMinutes":3.716916827172506,"ayanamsa":24.2715}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2086,"vikram_samvatsara":"Dundubhi","saka_samvat":1951,"saka_samvatsara":"Saumya","bengali_samvat":1436,"malayalam_era":1205,"nanakshahi_year":560,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2086 Dundubhi · Śaka 1951 Saumya"},"festivals":[{"id":"putrada-ekadashi","name":"Pauṣa Putradā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"पौष पुत्रदा एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Ekādaśī granting putra-prāpti.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Pauṣa"},"precedence":4},{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 16, 2029 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 16, 2029 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 05:06, sūryāsta 19:20.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2029-12-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2029-12-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2029-12-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2029-12-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2029-12-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T07:20:59.883Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T07:20:59.883Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T07:20:59.883Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}