{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2028-09-07:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-09-07","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-09-07","date_display":"September 7, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":9,"day":7,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462021.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873556.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":139.9238,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":356.4964,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":216.5726,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.5726},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":356.4964,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.8297},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":136.4202},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":36,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":9,"day":7,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462021.770833,"ahargana":1873556.2708,"kali_year":5130,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2537,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":140.69972099999995,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":353.930121,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4917},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":96.85632099999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":167.31392099999994,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":158.50712099999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":96.48682099999996,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":16.827621000000022,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":269.9726,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":89.9726,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":9,"day":7,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462021.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873556.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":139.9238,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":356.4964,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":216.5726,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.5726},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":356.4964,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.8297},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":136.4202},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":36,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.492,"elongation":143.427},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.492,"opposition_distance":36.573}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:25","sunsetLocal":"18:03","solarNoonLocal":"12:14","dayLengthHours":11.636868522587996,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 38 Mins 13 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 21 Mins 47 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:42","moonsetLocal":"08:12","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:41","end":"15:09","startHours":13.687940249139453,"endHours":15.142548814462952,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:25","end":"07:52","startHours":6.414897422521956,"endHours":7.869505987845455,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:19","end":"10:47","startHours":9.324114553168954,"endHours":10.778723118492454,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:08","end":"09:31","startHours":9.130166744459155,"endHours":9.518062361878755,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:54","end":"07:13","startHours":6.899766944296456,"endHours":7.210083438232136,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:51","end":"12:37","startHours":11.845436066396354,"endHours":12.621227301235555,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:52","end":"05:38","startHours":4.863314952843556,"endHours":5.639106187682756,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:27","end":"06:25","startHours":5.445158378972956,"endHours":6.414897422521956,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:10","end":"14:57","startHours":14.172809770913954,"endHours":14.948601005753154,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:51","end":"18:15","startHours":17.851765945109953,"endHours":18.251765945109952,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:03","end":"18:32","startHours":18.051765945109953,"endHours":18.53663546688445,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:48","end":"19:33","startHours":17.801765945109953,"endHours":19.551765945109953,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:51","end":"00:37","startHours":23.845436066396356,"endHours":24.621227301235553,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:25","end":"07:52","startHours":6.414897422521956,"endHours":7.869505987845455,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:52","end":"09:19","startHours":7.869505987845455,"endHours":9.324114553168954,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:19","end":"10:47","startHours":9.324114553168954,"endHours":10.778723118492454,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:47","end":"12:14","startHours":10.778723118492454,"endHours":12.233331683815955,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:14","end":"13:41","startHours":12.233331683815955,"endHours":13.687940249139453,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:41","end":"15:09","startHours":13.687940249139453,"endHours":15.142548814462952,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:09","end":"16:36","startHours":15.142548814462952,"endHours":16.597157379786452,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:36","end":"18:03","startHours":16.597157379786452,"endHours":18.051765945109953,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:03","end":"19:36","startHours":18.051765945109953,"endHours":19.597157379786452,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:36","end":"21:09","startHours":19.597157379786452,"endHours":21.142548814462955,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:09","end":"22:41","startHours":21.142548814462955,"endHours":22.687940249139455,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:41","end":"00:14","startHours":22.687940249139455,"endHours":24.233331683815955,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:14","end":"01:47","startHours":24.233331683815955,"endHours":25.778723118492454,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:47","end":"03:19","startHours":25.778723118492454,"endHours":27.324114553168954,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:19","end":"04:52","startHours":27.324114553168954,"endHours":28.869505987845457,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:52","end":"06:25","startHours":28.869505987845457,"endHours":30.414897422521957,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:25","end":"07:25","startHours":6.414897422521956,"endHours":7.414897422521956,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:25","end":"08:25","startHours":7.414897422521956,"endHours":8.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:25","end":"09:25","startHours":8.414897422521957,"endHours":9.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:25","end":"10:25","startHours":9.414897422521957,"endHours":10.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:25","end":"11:25","startHours":10.414897422521957,"endHours":11.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:25","end":"12:25","startHours":11.414897422521957,"endHours":12.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:25","end":"13:25","startHours":12.414897422521957,"endHours":13.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:25","end":"14:25","startHours":13.414897422521957,"endHours":14.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:25","end":"15:25","startHours":14.414897422521957,"endHours":15.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:25","end":"16:25","startHours":15.414897422521957,"endHours":16.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:25","end":"17:25","startHours":16.414897422521957,"endHours":17.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:25","end":"18:25","startHours":17.414897422521957,"endHours":18.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:25","end":"19:25","startHours":18.414897422521957,"endHours":19.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:25","end":"20:25","startHours":19.414897422521957,"endHours":20.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:25","end":"21:25","startHours":20.414897422521957,"endHours":21.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:25","end":"22:25","startHours":21.414897422521957,"endHours":22.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:25","end":"23:25","startHours":22.414897422521957,"endHours":23.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:25","end":"00:25","startHours":23.414897422521957,"endHours":24.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:25","end":"01:25","startHours":24.414897422521957,"endHours":25.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:25","end":"02:25","startHours":25.414897422521957,"endHours":26.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:25","end":"03:25","startHours":26.414897422521957,"endHours":27.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:25","end":"04:25","startHours":27.414897422521957,"endHours":28.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:25","end":"05:25","startHours":28.414897422521957,"endHours":29.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:25","end":"06:25","startHours":29.414897422521957,"endHours":30.414897422521957,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":5.9265250904547075,"eotMinutes":2.5580989710426816,"ayanamsa":24.2537}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Caturthī · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5},{"id":"sankashti-chaturthi","name":"Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī","name_sanskrit":"सङ्कष्टी चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Gaṇeśa vrata.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 7, 2028 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 7, 2028 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Caturthī, sūryodaya 06:25, sūryāsta 18:03.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-09-07","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-09-07","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-09-07","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-09-07","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-09-07"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T00:17:23.942Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T00:17:23.942Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T00:17:23.942Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}