{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2028-05-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-05-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-05-16","date_display":"May 16, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":5,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461907.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873442.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":31.3695,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":296.9925,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":265.623,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.623},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":296.9925,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.6592},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":328.362},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":44,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":5,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461907.770833,"ahargana":1873442.2708,"kali_year":5130,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2493,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":31.459775999999977,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":297.0521759999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.6097},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":18.825376000000006,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":50.727675999999974,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":143.161276,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":54.610975999999994,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":9.907576000000006,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":276.0129,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":96.0129,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":5,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461907.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873442.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":31.3695,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":296.9925,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":265.623,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.623},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":296.9925,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.6592},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":328.362},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":44,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.61,"elongation":94.377},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.61,"opposition_distance":85.623}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:59","sunsetLocal":"17:27","solarNoonLocal":"12:13","dayLengthHours":10.470727239392616,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 28 Mins 15 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 31 Mins 45 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:15","moonsetLocal":"12:35","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:50","end":"16:08","startHours":14.831260893868361,"endHours":16.14010179879244,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:36","end":"10:54","startHours":9.595897274172053,"endHours":10.904738179096132,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:13","end":"13:31","startHours":12.213579084020207,"endHours":13.522419988944286,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:25","end":"09:46","startHours":9.42138515351551,"endHours":9.770409394828597,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:25","end":"07:42","startHours":7.414495765965259,"endHours":7.693715159015729,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:52","end":"12:34","startHours":11.86455484270712,"endHours":12.562603325333294,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:35","end":"06:17","startHours":5.5821184990715516,"endHours":6.280166981697725,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:06","end":"06:59","startHours":6.105654861041182,"endHours":6.9782154643239,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:58","end":"14:39","startHours":13.958700290585643,"endHours":14.656748773211817,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:15","end":"17:39","startHours":17.248942703716516,"endHours":17.648942703716514,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:27","end":"17:53","startHours":17.448942703716515,"endHours":17.885223005357872,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:12","end":"18:57","startHours":17.198942703716515,"endHours":18.948942703716515,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:52","end":"00:34","startHours":23.86455484270712,"endHours":24.562603325333296,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:59","end":"08:17","startHours":6.9782154643239,"endHours":8.287056369247978,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:17","end":"09:36","startHours":8.287056369247978,"endHours":9.595897274172053,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:36","end":"10:54","startHours":9.595897274172053,"endHours":10.904738179096132,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:54","end":"12:13","startHours":10.904738179096132,"endHours":12.213579084020207,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:13","end":"13:31","startHours":12.213579084020207,"endHours":13.522419988944286,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:31","end":"14:50","startHours":13.522419988944286,"endHours":14.831260893868361,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:50","end":"16:08","startHours":14.831260893868361,"endHours":16.14010179879244,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:08","end":"17:27","startHours":16.14010179879244,"endHours":17.448942703716515,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:27","end":"19:08","startHours":17.448942703716515,"endHours":19.140101798792436,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:08","end":"20:50","startHours":19.140101798792436,"endHours":20.83126089386836,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:50","end":"22:31","startHours":20.83126089386836,"endHours":22.522419988944286,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:31","end":"00:13","startHours":22.522419988944286,"endHours":24.213579084020207,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:13","end":"01:54","startHours":24.213579084020207,"endHours":25.904738179096128,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:54","end":"03:36","startHours":25.904738179096128,"endHours":27.595897274172053,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:36","end":"05:17","startHours":27.595897274172053,"endHours":29.287056369247978,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:17","end":"06:59","startHours":29.287056369247978,"endHours":30.9782154643239,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:59","end":"07:59","startHours":6.9782154643239,"endHours":7.9782154643239,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:59","end":"08:59","startHours":7.9782154643239,"endHours":8.978215464323899,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:59","end":"09:59","startHours":8.978215464323899,"endHours":9.978215464323899,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:59","end":"10:59","startHours":9.978215464323899,"endHours":10.978215464323899,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:59","end":"11:59","startHours":10.978215464323899,"endHours":11.978215464323899,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:59","end":"12:59","startHours":11.978215464323899,"endHours":12.978215464323899,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:59","end":"13:59","startHours":12.978215464323899,"endHours":13.978215464323899,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:59","end":"14:59","startHours":13.978215464323899,"endHours":14.978215464323899,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:59","end":"15:59","startHours":14.978215464323899,"endHours":15.978215464323899,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:59","end":"16:59","startHours":15.978215464323899,"endHours":16.9782154643239,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:59","end":"17:59","startHours":16.9782154643239,"endHours":17.9782154643239,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:59","end":"18:59","startHours":17.9782154643239,"endHours":18.9782154643239,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:59","end":"19:59","startHours":18.9782154643239,"endHours":19.9782154643239,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:59","end":"20:59","startHours":19.9782154643239,"endHours":20.9782154643239,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:59","end":"21:59","startHours":20.9782154643239,"endHours":21.9782154643239,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:59","end":"22:59","startHours":21.9782154643239,"endHours":22.9782154643239,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:59","end":"23:59","startHours":22.9782154643239,"endHours":23.9782154643239,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:59","end":"00:59","startHours":23.9782154643239,"endHours":24.9782154643239,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:59","end":"01:59","startHours":24.9782154643239,"endHours":25.9782154643239,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:59","end":"02:59","startHours":25.9782154643239,"endHours":26.9782154643239,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:59","end":"03:59","startHours":26.9782154643239,"endHours":27.9782154643239,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:59","end":"04:59","startHours":27.9782154643239,"endHours":28.9782154643239,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:59","end":"05:59","startHours":28.9782154643239,"endHours":29.9782154643239,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:59","end":"06:59","startHours":29.9782154643239,"endHours":30.9782154643239,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":19.18392073529239,"eotMinutes":3.743254958787478,"ayanamsa":24.2493}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"vrishabha-sankranti","name":"Vṛṣabha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"वृषभ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Taurus.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Vṛṣabha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 16, 2028 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 16, 2028 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 06:59, sūryāsta 17:27.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-05-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-05-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-05-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-05-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-05-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T12:01:30.082Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T12:01:30.082Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T12:01:30.082Z","pillar_versions":{"BOB-History":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}