{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2028-01-19:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-01-19","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-01-19","date_display":"January 19, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":1,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461789.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873324.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":274.0699,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":183.769,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":269.6991,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.6991},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":183.769,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.4357},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":97.8389},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":44,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":1,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461789.770833,"ahargana":1873324.2708,"kali_year":5129,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2448,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":274.2210849999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":187.09258499999999,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4505},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":287.440385,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":292.58958499999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":153.008785,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":312.28028500000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":357.413585,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":282.2651,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":102.2651,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":1,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461789.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873324.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":274.0699,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":183.769,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":269.6991,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.6991},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":183.769,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.4357},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":97.8389},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":44,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.451,"elongation":90.301},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.451,"opposition_distance":89.699}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:29","sunsetLocal":"19:25","solarNoonLocal":"12:27","dayLengthHours":13.938566380618592,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 56 Mins 19 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 03 Mins 41 Secs","moonriseLocal":"00:06","moonsetLocal":"13:12","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:27","end":"14:12","startHours":12.45366756556367,"endHours":14.195988363140994,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:14","end":"08:58","startHours":7.226705172831698,"endHours":8.969025970409023,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:43","end":"12:27","startHours":10.711346767986345,"endHours":12.45366756556367,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:44","end":"09:12","startHours":8.736716530732046,"endHours":9.201335410086,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:04","end":"06:26","startHours":6.065157974446816,"endHours":6.436853077929978,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:59","end":"12:55","startHours":11.989048686209719,"endHours":12.918286444917625,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:38","end":"04:33","startHours":3.6259088578385623,"endHours":4.555146616546469,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:19","end":"05:29","startHours":4.322837176869492,"endHours":5.484384375254375,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:47","end":"15:42","startHours":14.776761962333435,"endHours":15.70599972104134,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:13","end":"19:37","startHours":19.22295075587297,"endHours":19.622950755872967,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:25","end":"20:00","startHours":19.422950755872968,"endHours":20.00372435506541,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:10","end":"20:55","startHours":19.172950755872968,"endHours":20.922950755872968,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:59","end":"00:55","startHours":23.989048686209717,"endHours":24.918286444917623,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:29","end":"07:14","startHours":5.484384375254375,"endHours":7.226705172831698,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:14","end":"08:58","startHours":7.226705172831698,"endHours":8.969025970409023,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:58","end":"10:43","startHours":8.969025970409023,"endHours":10.711346767986345,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:43","end":"12:27","startHours":10.711346767986345,"endHours":12.45366756556367,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:27","end":"14:12","startHours":12.45366756556367,"endHours":14.195988363140994,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:12","end":"15:56","startHours":14.195988363140994,"endHours":15.938309160718319,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:56","end":"17:41","startHours":15.938309160718319,"endHours":17.680629958295643,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:41","end":"19:25","startHours":17.680629958295643,"endHours":19.422950755872968,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:25","end":"20:41","startHours":19.422950755872968,"endHours":20.680629958295643,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:41","end":"21:56","startHours":20.680629958295643,"endHours":21.93830916071832,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:56","end":"23:12","startHours":21.93830916071832,"endHours":23.195988363140994,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:12","end":"00:27","startHours":23.195988363140994,"endHours":24.45366756556367,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:27","end":"01:43","startHours":24.45366756556367,"endHours":25.71134676798635,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:43","end":"02:58","startHours":25.71134676798635,"endHours":26.969025970409024,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:58","end":"04:14","startHours":26.969025970409024,"endHours":28.2267051728317,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:14","end":"05:29","startHours":28.2267051728317,"endHours":29.484384375254375,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:29","end":"06:29","startHours":5.484384375254375,"endHours":6.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:29","end":"07:29","startHours":6.484384375254375,"endHours":7.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:29","end":"08:29","startHours":7.484384375254375,"endHours":8.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:29","end":"09:29","startHours":8.484384375254375,"endHours":9.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:29","end":"10:29","startHours":9.484384375254375,"endHours":10.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:29","end":"11:29","startHours":10.484384375254375,"endHours":11.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:29","end":"12:29","startHours":11.484384375254375,"endHours":12.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:29","end":"13:29","startHours":12.484384375254375,"endHours":13.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:29","end":"14:29","startHours":13.484384375254375,"endHours":14.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:29","end":"15:29","startHours":14.484384375254375,"endHours":15.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:29","end":"16:29","startHours":15.484384375254375,"endHours":16.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:29","end":"17:29","startHours":16.484384375254375,"endHours":17.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:29","end":"18:29","startHours":17.484384375254375,"endHours":18.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:29","end":"19:29","startHours":18.484384375254375,"endHours":19.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:29","end":"20:29","startHours":19.484384375254375,"endHours":20.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:29","end":"21:29","startHours":20.484384375254375,"endHours":21.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:29","end":"22:29","startHours":21.484384375254375,"endHours":22.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:29","end":"23:29","startHours":22.484384375254375,"endHours":23.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:29","end":"00:29","startHours":23.484384375254375,"endHours":24.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:29","end":"01:29","startHours":24.484384375254375,"endHours":25.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:29","end":"02:29","startHours":25.484384375254375,"endHours":26.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:29","end":"03:29","startHours":26.484384375254375,"endHours":27.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:29","end":"04:29","startHours":27.484384375254375,"endHours":28.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:29","end":"05:29","startHours":28.484384375254375,"endHours":29.484384375254375,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.46572746150116,"eotMinutes":-10.662053933820344,"ayanamsa":24.2448}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 19, 2028 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 19, 2028 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 05:29, sūryāsta 19:25.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-01-19","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-01-19","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-01-19","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-01-19","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-01-19"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T05:27:05.870Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T05:27:05.870Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T05:27:05.870Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}