{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2028-01-17:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-01-17","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-01-17","date_display":"January 17, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":1,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461787.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873322.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":272.0171,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":155.9102,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":243.8931,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.8931},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":155.9102,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.2436},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":67.9274},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":40,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":1,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461787.770833,"ahargana":1873322.2708,"kali_year":5129,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2447,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":272.184661,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":159.48436100000004,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.6179},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":285.863961,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":290.61966099999995,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":153.04486099999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":309.86836100000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":357.323161,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":282.371,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":102.371,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":1,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461787.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873322.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":272.0171,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":155.9102,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":243.8931,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.8931},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":155.9102,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.2436},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":67.9274},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":40,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.618,"elongation":116.107},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.618,"opposition_distance":63.893}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:27","sunsetLocal":"19:26","solarNoonLocal":"12:27","dayLengthHours":13.978127034678948,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 58 Mins 41 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 01 Mins 19 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:49","moonsetLocal":"11:02","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:12","end":"08:57","startHours":7.201270507763874,"endHours":8.948536387098741,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:42","end":"12:27","startHours":10.69580226643361,"endHours":12.443068145768478,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:11","end":"15:56","startHours":14.190334025103347,"endHours":15.937599904438216,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:43","end":"09:11","startHours":8.715567603187427,"endHours":9.181505171010059,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:02","end":"06:25","startHours":6.036426588207295,"endHours":6.4091766424654,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:59","end":"12:55","startHours":11.977130577945847,"endHours":12.90900571359111,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:35","end":"04:31","startHours":3.5902543571384786,"endHours":4.522129492783742,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:17","end":"05:27","startHours":4.289160708872426,"endHours":5.454004628429005,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:46","end":"15:42","startHours":14.772755984881638,"endHours":15.704631120526901,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:14","end":"19:38","startHours":19.232131663107953,"endHours":19.632131663107952,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:26","end":"20:01","startHours":19.432131663107953,"endHours":20.014553622886243,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:11","end":"20:56","startHours":19.182131663107953,"endHours":20.932131663107953,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:59","end":"00:55","startHours":23.977130577945847,"endHours":24.90900571359111,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:27","end":"07:12","startHours":5.454004628429005,"endHours":7.201270507763874,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:12","end":"08:57","startHours":7.201270507763874,"endHours":8.948536387098741,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:57","end":"10:42","startHours":8.948536387098741,"endHours":10.69580226643361,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:42","end":"12:27","startHours":10.69580226643361,"endHours":12.443068145768478,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:27","end":"14:11","startHours":12.443068145768478,"endHours":14.190334025103347,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:11","end":"15:56","startHours":14.190334025103347,"endHours":15.937599904438216,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:56","end":"17:41","startHours":15.937599904438216,"endHours":17.684865783773084,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:41","end":"19:26","startHours":17.684865783773084,"endHours":19.432131663107953,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"19:26","end":"20:41","startHours":19.432131663107953,"endHours":20.684865783773084,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:41","end":"21:56","startHours":20.684865783773084,"endHours":21.937599904438216,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:56","end":"23:11","startHours":21.937599904438216,"endHours":23.190334025103347,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:11","end":"00:27","startHours":23.190334025103347,"endHours":24.44306814576848,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:27","end":"01:42","startHours":24.44306814576848,"endHours":25.69580226643361,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:42","end":"02:57","startHours":25.69580226643361,"endHours":26.94853638709874,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:57","end":"04:12","startHours":26.94853638709874,"endHours":28.201270507763873,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:12","end":"05:27","startHours":28.201270507763873,"endHours":29.454004628429004,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:27","end":"06:27","startHours":5.454004628429005,"endHours":6.454004628429005,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:27","end":"07:27","startHours":6.454004628429005,"endHours":7.454004628429005,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:27","end":"08:27","startHours":7.454004628429005,"endHours":8.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:27","end":"09:27","startHours":8.454004628429004,"endHours":9.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:27","end":"10:27","startHours":9.454004628429004,"endHours":10.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:27","end":"11:27","startHours":10.454004628429004,"endHours":11.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:27","end":"12:27","startHours":11.454004628429004,"endHours":12.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:27","end":"13:27","startHours":12.454004628429004,"endHours":13.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:27","end":"14:27","startHours":13.454004628429004,"endHours":14.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:27","end":"15:27","startHours":14.454004628429004,"endHours":15.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:27","end":"16:27","startHours":15.454004628429004,"endHours":16.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:27","end":"17:27","startHours":16.454004628429004,"endHours":17.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:27","end":"18:27","startHours":17.454004628429004,"endHours":18.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:27","end":"19:27","startHours":18.454004628429004,"endHours":19.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:27","end":"20:27","startHours":19.454004628429004,"endHours":20.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:27","end":"21:27","startHours":20.454004628429004,"endHours":21.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:27","end":"22:27","startHours":21.454004628429004,"endHours":22.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:27","end":"23:27","startHours":22.454004628429004,"endHours":23.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:27","end":"00:27","startHours":23.454004628429004,"endHours":24.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:27","end":"01:27","startHours":24.454004628429004,"endHours":25.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:27","end":"02:27","startHours":25.454004628429004,"endHours":26.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:27","end":"03:27","startHours":26.454004628429004,"endHours":27.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:27","end":"04:27","startHours":27.454004628429004,"endHours":28.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:27","end":"05:27","startHours":28.454004628429004,"endHours":29.454004628429004,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.86473709830603,"eotMinutes":-10.026088746108654,"ayanamsa":24.2447}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 17, 2028 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 17, 2028 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 05:27, sūryāsta 19:26.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-01-17","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-01-17","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-01-17","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-01-17","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-01-17"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T07:21:31.442Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T07:21:31.442Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T07:21:31.442Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}