{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2028-01-10:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-01-10","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-01-10","date_display":"January 10, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":1,"day":10,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461780.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873315.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":264.8265,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":55.9657,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":151.1391,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.1391},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":55.9657,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6324},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":320.7922},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":1,"day":10,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461780.770833,"ahargana":1873315.2708,"kali_year":5129,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2445,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":265.053729,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":55.90182900000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.2775},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":280.35632899999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":281.28712900000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":153.07002899999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":301.391029,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":357.061029,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":282.7419,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":102.7419,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":1,"day":10,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461780.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873315.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":264.8265,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":55.9657,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":151.1391,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.1391},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":55.9657,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6324},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":320.7922},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.277,"elongation":151.139},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.277,"opposition_distance":28.861}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:21","sunsetLocal":"19:27","solarNoonLocal":"12:24","dayLengthHours":14.097083481745024,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 05 Mins 50 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 54 Mins 10 Secs","moonriseLocal":"17:26","moonsetLocal":"03:29","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:07","end":"08:53","startHours":7.114549091421716,"endHours":8.876684526639844,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:38","end":"12:24","startHours":10.638819961857973,"endHours":12.4009553970761,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:10","end":"15:56","startHours":14.163090832294227,"endHours":15.925226267512356,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:39","end":"09:07","startHours":8.641733135277427,"endHours":9.11163591800226,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:56","end":"06:19","startHours":5.939792134609631,"endHours":6.315714360789498,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:56","end":"12:52","startHours":11.931052614351266,"endHours":12.870858179800933,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:28","end":"04:25","startHours":3.4728025253042514,"endHours":4.41260809075392,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:11","end":"05:21","startHours":4.177656699391502,"endHours":5.352413656203588,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:45","end":"15:41","startHours":14.750469310700272,"endHours":15.69027487614994,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:15","end":"19:39","startHours":19.249497137948612,"endHours":19.64949713794861,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:27","end":"20:02","startHours":19.44949713794861,"endHours":20.036875616354653,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:12","end":"20:57","startHours":19.19949713794861,"endHours":20.94949713794861,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:56","end":"00:52","startHours":23.931052614351266,"endHours":24.870858179800933,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:21","end":"07:07","startHours":5.352413656203588,"endHours":7.114549091421716,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:07","end":"08:53","startHours":7.114549091421716,"endHours":8.876684526639844,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:53","end":"10:38","startHours":8.876684526639844,"endHours":10.638819961857973,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:38","end":"12:24","startHours":10.638819961857973,"endHours":12.4009553970761,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:24","end":"14:10","startHours":12.4009553970761,"endHours":14.163090832294227,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:10","end":"15:56","startHours":14.163090832294227,"endHours":15.925226267512356,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:56","end":"17:41","startHours":15.925226267512356,"endHours":17.687361702730485,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:41","end":"19:27","startHours":17.687361702730485,"endHours":19.44949713794861,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"19:27","end":"20:41","startHours":19.44949713794861,"endHours":20.687361702730485,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:41","end":"21:56","startHours":20.687361702730485,"endHours":21.925226267512357,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:56","end":"23:10","startHours":21.925226267512357,"endHours":23.163090832294227,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:10","end":"00:24","startHours":23.163090832294227,"endHours":24.4009553970761,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:24","end":"01:38","startHours":24.4009553970761,"endHours":25.638819961857973,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:38","end":"02:53","startHours":25.638819961857973,"endHours":26.876684526639842,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:53","end":"04:07","startHours":26.876684526639842,"endHours":28.114549091421715,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:07","end":"05:21","startHours":28.114549091421715,"endHours":29.352413656203588,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:21","end":"06:21","startHours":5.352413656203588,"endHours":6.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:21","end":"07:21","startHours":6.352413656203588,"endHours":7.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:21","end":"08:21","startHours":7.352413656203588,"endHours":8.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:21","end":"09:21","startHours":8.352413656203588,"endHours":9.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:21","end":"10:21","startHours":9.352413656203588,"endHours":10.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:21","end":"11:21","startHours":10.352413656203588,"endHours":11.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:21","end":"12:21","startHours":11.352413656203588,"endHours":12.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:21","end":"13:21","startHours":12.352413656203588,"endHours":13.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:21","end":"14:21","startHours":13.352413656203588,"endHours":14.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:21","end":"15:21","startHours":14.352413656203588,"endHours":15.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:21","end":"16:21","startHours":15.352413656203588,"endHours":16.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:21","end":"17:21","startHours":16.352413656203588,"endHours":17.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:21","end":"18:21","startHours":17.352413656203588,"endHours":18.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:21","end":"19:21","startHours":18.352413656203588,"endHours":19.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:21","end":"20:21","startHours":19.352413656203588,"endHours":20.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:21","end":"21:21","startHours":20.352413656203588,"endHours":21.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:21","end":"22:21","startHours":21.352413656203588,"endHours":22.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:21","end":"23:21","startHours":22.352413656203588,"endHours":23.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:21","end":"00:21","startHours":23.352413656203588,"endHours":24.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:21","end":"01:21","startHours":24.352413656203588,"endHours":25.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:21","end":"02:21","startHours":25.352413656203588,"endHours":26.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:21","end":"03:21","startHours":26.352413656203588,"endHours":27.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:21","end":"04:21","startHours":27.352413656203588,"endHours":28.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:21","end":"05:21","startHours":28.352413656203588,"endHours":29.352413656203588,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-22.048069285903374,"eotMinutes":-7.499323824565993,"ayanamsa":24.2445}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Trayodaśī · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5},{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 10, 2028 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 10, 2028 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 05:21, sūryāsta 19:27.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-01-10","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-01-10","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-01-10","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-01-10","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2028-01-10"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T21:08:55.580Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T21:08:55.581Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T21:08:55.581Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}