{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2026-01-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2026-01-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2026-01-21","date_display":"January 21, 2026 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2026,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461061.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872596.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.6526,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":303.012,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":3,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":26.3594,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.3594},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":303.012,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.6786},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":219.6645},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":4,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2026,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461061.770833,"ahargana":1872596.2708,"kali_year":5127,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.217,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.77919999999995,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":302.6088,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.3763},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":273.56690000000003,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":276.0548,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":84.3202,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":279.8587,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":333.49760000000003,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":320.838,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":140.838,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2026,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461061.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872596.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.6526,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":303.012,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":3,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":26.3594,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.3594},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":303.012,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.6786},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":219.6645},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":4,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.376,"elongation":26.359},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.376,"opposition_distance":153.641}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:31","sunsetLocal":"19:24","solarNoonLocal":"12:28","dayLengthHours":13.886253575181284,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 53 Mins 11 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 06 Mins 49 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:36","moonsetLocal":"20:46","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:28","end":"14:12","startHours":12.463562187485536,"endHours":14.199343884383197,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:15","end":"09:00","startHours":7.256217096792556,"endHours":8.991998793690216,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:44","end":"12:28","startHours":10.727780490587875,"endHours":12.463562187485536,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:46","end":"09:13","startHours":8.76056123410386,"endHours":9.22343635327657,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:06","end":"06:28","startHours":6.099029298860782,"endHours":6.46932939419895,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:00","end":"12:56","startHours":12.000687068312827,"endHours":12.926437306658245,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:40","end":"04:36","startHours":3.6689349232040573,"endHours":4.594685161549476,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:22","end":"05:31","startHours":4.3632476019631214,"endHours":5.520435399894895,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:47","end":"15:42","startHours":14.777937783349085,"endHours":15.703688021694504,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:12","end":"19:36","startHours":19.20668897507618,"endHours":19.606688975076178,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:24","end":"19:59","startHours":19.40668897507618,"endHours":19.985282874042067,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:09","end":"20:54","startHours":19.15668897507618,"endHours":20.90668897507618,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:00","end":"00:56","startHours":24.000687068312825,"endHours":24.926437306658247,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:31","end":"07:15","startHours":5.520435399894895,"endHours":7.256217096792556,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:15","end":"09:00","startHours":7.256217096792556,"endHours":8.991998793690216,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:00","end":"10:44","startHours":8.991998793690216,"endHours":10.727780490587875,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:44","end":"12:28","startHours":10.727780490587875,"endHours":12.463562187485536,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:28","end":"14:12","startHours":12.463562187485536,"endHours":14.199343884383197,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:12","end":"15:56","startHours":14.199343884383197,"endHours":15.935125581280857,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:56","end":"17:40","startHours":15.935125581280857,"endHours":17.670907278178518,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:40","end":"19:24","startHours":17.670907278178518,"endHours":19.40668897507618,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:24","end":"20:40","startHours":19.40668897507618,"endHours":20.670907278178518,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:40","end":"21:56","startHours":20.670907278178518,"endHours":21.935125581280857,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:56","end":"23:12","startHours":21.935125581280857,"endHours":23.199343884383197,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:12","end":"00:28","startHours":23.199343884383197,"endHours":24.463562187485536,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:28","end":"01:44","startHours":24.463562187485536,"endHours":25.727780490587875,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:44","end":"03:00","startHours":25.727780490587875,"endHours":26.991998793690215,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:00","end":"04:15","startHours":26.991998793690215,"endHours":28.256217096792554,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:15","end":"05:31","startHours":28.256217096792554,"endHours":29.520435399894893,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:31","end":"06:31","startHours":5.520435399894895,"endHours":6.520435399894895,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:31","end":"07:31","startHours":6.520435399894895,"endHours":7.520435399894895,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:31","end":"08:31","startHours":7.520435399894895,"endHours":8.520435399894895,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:31","end":"09:31","startHours":8.520435399894895,"endHours":9.520435399894895,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:31","end":"10:31","startHours":9.520435399894895,"endHours":10.520435399894895,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:31","end":"11:31","startHours":10.520435399894895,"endHours":11.520435399894895,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:31","end":"12:31","startHours":11.520435399894895,"endHours":12.520435399894895,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:31","end":"13:31","startHours":12.520435399894895,"endHours":13.520435399894895,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:31","end":"14:31","startHours":13.520435399894895,"endHours":14.520435399894895,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:31","end":"15:31","startHours":14.520435399894895,"endHours":15.520435399894895,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:31","end":"16:31","startHours":15.520435399894895,"endHours":16.520435399894893,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:31","end":"17:31","startHours":16.520435399894893,"endHours":17.520435399894893,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:31","end":"18:31","startHours":17.520435399894893,"endHours":18.520435399894893,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:31","end":"19:31","startHours":18.520435399894893,"endHours":19.520435399894893,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:31","end":"20:31","startHours":19.520435399894893,"endHours":20.520435399894893,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:31","end":"21:31","startHours":20.520435399894893,"endHours":21.520435399894893,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:31","end":"22:31","startHours":21.520435399894893,"endHours":22.520435399894893,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:31","end":"23:31","startHours":22.520435399894893,"endHours":23.520435399894893,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:31","end":"00:31","startHours":23.520435399894893,"endHours":24.520435399894893,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:31","end":"01:31","startHours":24.520435399894893,"endHours":25.520435399894893,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:31","end":"02:31","startHours":25.520435399894893,"endHours":26.520435399894893,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:31","end":"03:31","startHours":26.520435399894893,"endHours":27.520435399894893,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:31","end":"04:31","startHours":27.520435399894893,"endHours":28.520435399894893,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:31","end":"05:31","startHours":28.520435399894893,"endHours":29.520435399894893,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-19.933962025179937,"eotMinutes":-11.255731249132124,"ayanamsa":24.217}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2083,"vikram_samvatsara":"Siddhārthī","saka_samvat":1948,"saka_samvatsara":"Parābhava","bengali_samvat":1433,"malayalam_era":1202,"nanakshahi_year":557,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Tṛtīyā · Vikram 2083 Siddhārthī · Śaka 1948 Parābhava"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 21, 2026 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 21, 2026 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Tṛtīyā, sūryodaya 05:31, sūryāsta 19:24.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2026-01-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2026-01-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2026-01-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2026-01-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2026-01-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T22:53:15.341Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T22:53:15.341Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T22:53:15.341Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}