{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2024-07-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2024-07-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2024-07-01","date_display":"July 1, 2024 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2024,"month":7,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460492.770833,"kali_year":5126,"ahargana":1872027.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":75.1251,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":13.2653,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":298.1401,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.1401},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":13.2653,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.2653},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":88.3904},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":49,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2024,"month":7,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460492.770833,"ahargana":1872027.2708,"kali_year":5126,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1952,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":75.51823999999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":13.34323999999998,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.7045},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":21.444439999999986,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":92.87004000000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":44.04534000000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":82.40244000000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":325.31294,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":350.9864,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":170.9864,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2024,"month":7,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460492.770833,"kali_year":5126,"ahargana":1872027.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":75.1251,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":13.2653,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":298.1401,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.1401},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":13.2653,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.2653},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":88.3904},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":49,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.705,"elongation":61.86},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.705,"opposition_distance":118.14}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"07:17","sunsetLocal":"17:23","solarNoonLocal":"12:20","dayLengthHours":10.092166529450566,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 05 Mins 32 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 54 Mins 28 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:44","moonsetLocal":"13:38","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:33","end":"09:49","startHours":8.54927563819722,"endHours":9.81079645437854,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:04","end":"12:20","startHours":11.07231727055986,"endHours":12.333838086741181,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:36","end":"14:51","startHours":13.595358902922502,"endHours":14.856879719103823,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:39","end":"09:59","startHours":9.642593678887696,"endHours":9.978999229869382,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:42","end":"07:59","startHours":7.708261760743006,"endHours":7.977386201528354,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:00","end":"12:40","startHours":11.997432535759495,"endHours":12.670243637722868,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:57","end":"06:37","startHours":5.942132618089157,"endHours":6.614943720052527,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:27","end":"07:17","startHours":6.446740944561685,"endHours":7.2877548220158985,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:01","end":"14:41","startHours":14.015865841649608,"endHours":14.688676943612979,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:11","end":"17:35","startHours":17.179921351466465,"endHours":17.579921351466464,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:23","end":"17:48","startHours":17.379921351466464,"endHours":17.800428290193572,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:08","end":"18:53","startHours":17.129921351466464,"endHours":18.879921351466464,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:00","end":"00:40","startHours":23.997432535759497,"endHours":24.670243637722866,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:17","end":"08:33","startHours":7.2877548220158985,"endHours":8.54927563819722,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:33","end":"09:49","startHours":8.54927563819722,"endHours":9.81079645437854,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:49","end":"11:04","startHours":9.81079645437854,"endHours":11.07231727055986,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:04","end":"12:20","startHours":11.07231727055986,"endHours":12.333838086741181,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:20","end":"13:36","startHours":12.333838086741181,"endHours":13.595358902922502,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:36","end":"14:51","startHours":13.595358902922502,"endHours":14.856879719103823,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:51","end":"16:07","startHours":14.856879719103823,"endHours":16.118400535285144,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:07","end":"17:23","startHours":16.118400535285144,"endHours":17.379921351466464,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"17:23","end":"19:07","startHours":17.379921351466464,"endHours":19.118400535285144,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:07","end":"20:51","startHours":19.118400535285144,"endHours":20.856879719103823,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:51","end":"22:36","startHours":20.856879719103823,"endHours":22.595358902922502,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:36","end":"00:20","startHours":22.595358902922502,"endHours":24.33383808674118,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:20","end":"02:04","startHours":24.33383808674118,"endHours":26.07231727055986,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:04","end":"03:49","startHours":26.07231727055986,"endHours":27.81079645437854,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:49","end":"05:33","startHours":27.81079645437854,"endHours":29.54927563819722,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:33","end":"07:17","startHours":29.54927563819722,"endHours":31.2877548220159,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:17","end":"08:17","startHours":7.2877548220158985,"endHours":8.287754822015899,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:17","end":"09:17","startHours":8.287754822015899,"endHours":9.287754822015899,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:17","end":"10:17","startHours":9.287754822015899,"endHours":10.287754822015899,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:17","end":"11:17","startHours":10.287754822015899,"endHours":11.287754822015899,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:17","end":"12:17","startHours":11.287754822015899,"endHours":12.287754822015899,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:17","end":"13:17","startHours":12.287754822015899,"endHours":13.287754822015899,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:17","end":"14:17","startHours":13.287754822015899,"endHours":14.287754822015899,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:17","end":"15:17","startHours":14.287754822015899,"endHours":15.287754822015899,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:17","end":"16:17","startHours":15.287754822015899,"endHours":16.2877548220159,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:17","end":"17:17","startHours":16.2877548220159,"endHours":17.2877548220159,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:17","end":"18:17","startHours":17.2877548220159,"endHours":18.2877548220159,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:17","end":"19:17","startHours":18.2877548220159,"endHours":19.2877548220159,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:17","end":"20:17","startHours":19.2877548220159,"endHours":20.2877548220159,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:17","end":"21:17","startHours":20.2877548220159,"endHours":21.2877548220159,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:17","end":"22:17","startHours":21.2877548220159,"endHours":22.2877548220159,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:17","end":"23:17","startHours":22.2877548220159,"endHours":23.2877548220159,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:17","end":"00:17","startHours":23.2877548220159,"endHours":24.2877548220159,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:17","end":"01:17","startHours":24.2877548220159,"endHours":25.2877548220159,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:17","end":"02:17","startHours":25.2877548220159,"endHours":26.2877548220159,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:17","end":"03:17","startHours":26.2877548220159,"endHours":27.2877548220159,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:17","end":"04:17","startHours":27.2877548220159,"endHours":28.2877548220159,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:17","end":"05:17","startHours":28.2877548220159,"endHours":29.2877548220159,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:17","end":"06:17","startHours":29.2877548220159,"endHours":30.2877548220159,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:17","end":"07:17","startHours":30.2877548220159,"endHours":31.2877548220159,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":23.080904443344487,"eotMinutes":-3.4722852044708983,"ayanamsa":24.1952}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2081,"vikram_samvatsara":"Piṅgala","saka_samvat":1946,"saka_samvatsara":"Krodhi","bengali_samvat":1431,"malayalam_era":1200,"nanakshahi_year":555,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Kṛṣṇa Daśamī · Vikram 2081 Piṅgala · Śaka 1946 Krodhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"mithuna-sankranti","name":"Mithuna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मिथुन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Gemini.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mithuna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 1, 2024 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 1, 2024 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Daśamī, sūryodaya 07:17, sūryāsta 17:23.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2024-07-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2024-07-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2024-07-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2024-07-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2024-07-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T00:06:42.339Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T00:06:42.339Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T00:06:42.339Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}