{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2024-04-25:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2024-04-25","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2024-04-25","date_display":"April 25, 2024 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2024,"month":4,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460425.770833,"kali_year":5126,"ahargana":1871960.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":11.1744,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":203.9719,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":192.7976,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.7976},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":203.9719,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.9719},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":215.1463},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2024,"month":4,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460425.770833,"ahargana":1871960.2708,"kali_year":5126,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1927,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":11.142299999999977,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":202.947,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.2098},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":331.13779999999997,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":351.5309,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":28.56909999999999,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":0.039499999999975444,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":321.99839999999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":354.5363,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":174.5363,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2024,"month":4,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460425.770833,"kali_year":5126,"ahargana":1871960.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":11.1744,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":203.9719,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":192.7976,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.7976},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":203.9719,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.9719},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":215.1463},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.21,"elongation":167.202},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.21,"opposition_distance":12.798}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-1,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.28,"opposition_distance":0.923}]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:44","sunsetLocal":"17:45","solarNoonLocal":"12:15","dayLengthHours":11.005514634770751,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 00 Mins 20 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 59 Mins 40 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:15","moonsetLocal":"07:49","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:37","end":"15:00","startHours":13.618578351378554,"endHours":14.9942676807249,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:44","end":"08:07","startHours":6.740131704646835,"endHours":8.115821033993178,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:29","end":"10:52","startHours":9.491510363339522,"endHours":10.867199692685867,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:18","end":"09:40","startHours":9.308085119426677,"endHours":9.674935607252369,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:12","end":"07:30","startHours":7.19869481442895,"endHours":7.492175204689503,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:53","end":"12:37","startHours":11.876038534206518,"endHours":12.609739509857903,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:16","end":"06:00","startHours":5.272729753344068,"endHours":6.0064307289954515,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:49","end":"06:44","startHours":5.823005485082605,"endHours":6.740131704646835,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:05","end":"14:49","startHours":14.077141461160668,"endHours":14.81084243681205,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:33","end":"17:57","startHours":17.545646339417587,"endHours":17.945646339417586,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:45","end":"18:12","startHours":17.745646339417586,"endHours":18.204209449199702,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:30","end":"19:15","startHours":17.495646339417586,"endHours":19.245646339417586,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:53","end":"00:37","startHours":23.87603853420652,"endHours":24.6097395098579,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:44","end":"08:07","startHours":6.740131704646835,"endHours":8.115821033993178,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:07","end":"09:29","startHours":8.115821033993178,"endHours":9.491510363339522,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:29","end":"10:52","startHours":9.491510363339522,"endHours":10.867199692685867,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:52","end":"12:15","startHours":10.867199692685867,"endHours":12.24288902203221,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:15","end":"13:37","startHours":12.24288902203221,"endHours":13.618578351378554,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:37","end":"15:00","startHours":13.618578351378554,"endHours":14.9942676807249,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:00","end":"16:22","startHours":14.9942676807249,"endHours":16.369957010071243,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:22","end":"17:45","startHours":16.369957010071243,"endHours":17.745646339417586,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:45","end":"19:22","startHours":17.745646339417586,"endHours":19.369957010071243,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:22","end":"21:00","startHours":19.369957010071243,"endHours":20.9942676807249,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:00","end":"22:37","startHours":20.9942676807249,"endHours":22.618578351378552,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:37","end":"00:15","startHours":22.618578351378552,"endHours":24.24288902203221,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:15","end":"01:52","startHours":24.24288902203221,"endHours":25.867199692685865,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:52","end":"03:29","startHours":25.867199692685865,"endHours":27.491510363339522,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:29","end":"05:07","startHours":27.491510363339522,"endHours":29.11582103399318,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:07","end":"06:44","startHours":29.11582103399318,"endHours":30.740131704646835,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:44","end":"07:44","startHours":6.740131704646835,"endHours":7.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:44","end":"08:44","startHours":7.740131704646835,"endHours":8.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:44","end":"09:44","startHours":8.740131704646835,"endHours":9.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:44","end":"10:44","startHours":9.740131704646835,"endHours":10.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:44","end":"11:44","startHours":10.740131704646835,"endHours":11.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:44","end":"12:44","startHours":11.740131704646835,"endHours":12.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:44","end":"13:44","startHours":12.740131704646835,"endHours":13.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:44","end":"14:44","startHours":13.740131704646835,"endHours":14.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:44","end":"15:44","startHours":14.740131704646835,"endHours":15.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:44","end":"16:44","startHours":15.740131704646835,"endHours":16.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:44","end":"17:44","startHours":16.740131704646835,"endHours":17.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:44","end":"18:44","startHours":17.740131704646835,"endHours":18.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:44","end":"19:44","startHours":18.740131704646835,"endHours":19.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:44","end":"20:44","startHours":19.740131704646835,"endHours":20.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:44","end":"21:44","startHours":20.740131704646835,"endHours":21.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:44","end":"22:44","startHours":21.740131704646835,"endHours":22.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:44","end":"23:44","startHours":22.740131704646835,"endHours":23.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:44","end":"00:44","startHours":23.740131704646835,"endHours":24.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:44","end":"01:44","startHours":24.740131704646835,"endHours":25.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:44","end":"02:44","startHours":25.740131704646835,"endHours":26.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:44","end":"03:44","startHours":26.740131704646835,"endHours":27.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:44","end":"04:44","startHours":27.740131704646835,"endHours":28.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:44","end":"05:44","startHours":28.740131704646835,"endHours":29.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:44","end":"06:44","startHours":29.740131704646835,"endHours":30.740131704646835,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":13.298895781922775,"eotMinutes":1.9846586780673228,"ayanamsa":24.1927}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2081,"vikram_samvatsara":"Piṅgala","saka_samvat":1946,"saka_samvatsara":"Krodhi","bengali_samvat":1431,"malayalam_era":1200,"nanakshahi_year":555,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2081 Piṅgala · Śaka 1946 Krodhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Viśākhā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 25, 2024 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 25, 2024 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 06:44, sūryāsta 17:45.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2024-04-25","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2024-04-25","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2024-04-25","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2024-04-25","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2024-04-25"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T21:14:54.540Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T21:14:54.540Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T21:14:54.540Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}