{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2023-03-08:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2023-03-08","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2023-03-08","date_display":"March 8, 2023 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":3,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460011.770833,"kali_year":5124,"ahargana":1871546.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":323.1402,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":149.2521,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":186.1119,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.1119},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":149.2521,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.5855},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":112.3923},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2023,"month":3,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460011.770833,"ahargana":1871546.2708,"kali_year":5124,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1768,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":323.025717,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":148.770417,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.3013},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":57.55181700000003,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":314.38411700000006,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":349.312417,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":354.728017,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":305.96061699999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":16.4721,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":196.4721,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":3,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460011.770833,"kali_year":5124,"ahargana":1871546.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":323.1402,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":149.2521,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":186.1119,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.1119},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":149.2521,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.5855},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":112.3923},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.301,"elongation":173.888},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.301,"opposition_distance":6.112}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:11","sunsetLocal":"18:45","solarNoonLocal":"12:28","dayLengthHours":12.553275668830617,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 33 Mins 12 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 26 Mins 48 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:55","moonsetLocal":"06:47","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:28","end":"14:02","startHours":12.468126923591345,"endHours":14.037286382195171,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:46","end":"09:20","startHours":7.760648547779863,"endHours":9.32980800638369,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:54","end":"12:28","startHours":10.898967464987518,"endHours":12.468126923591345,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:07","end":"09:32","startHours":9.120586745236514,"endHours":9.539029267530868,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:43","end":"07:03","startHours":6.714542242043978,"endHours":7.049296259879462,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:03","end":"12:53","startHours":12.049684401296991,"endHours":12.8865694458857,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:31","end":"05:21","startHours":4.51771899999862,"endHours":5.354604044587329,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:09","end":"06:11","startHours":5.1453827834401515,"endHours":6.191489089176036,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:34","end":"15:24","startHours":14.560339535063115,"endHours":15.397224579651823,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:33","end":"18:57","startHours":18.544764758006654,"endHours":18.944764758006652,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:45","end":"19:16","startHours":18.744764758006653,"endHours":19.267817910874594,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:30","end":"20:15","startHours":18.494764758006653,"endHours":20.244764758006653,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:03","end":"00:53","startHours":24.049684401296993,"endHours":24.886569445885698,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:11","end":"07:46","startHours":6.191489089176036,"endHours":7.760648547779863,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:46","end":"09:20","startHours":7.760648547779863,"endHours":9.32980800638369,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:20","end":"10:54","startHours":9.32980800638369,"endHours":10.898967464987518,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:54","end":"12:28","startHours":10.898967464987518,"endHours":12.468126923591345,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:28","end":"14:02","startHours":12.468126923591345,"endHours":14.037286382195171,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:02","end":"15:36","startHours":14.037286382195171,"endHours":15.606445840799,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:36","end":"17:11","startHours":15.606445840799,"endHours":17.175605299402825,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:11","end":"18:45","startHours":17.175605299402825,"endHours":18.744764758006653,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:45","end":"20:11","startHours":18.744764758006653,"endHours":20.175605299402825,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:11","end":"21:36","startHours":20.175605299402825,"endHours":21.606445840798997,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:36","end":"23:02","startHours":21.606445840798997,"endHours":23.03728638219517,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:02","end":"00:28","startHours":23.03728638219517,"endHours":24.468126923591345,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:28","end":"01:54","startHours":24.468126923591345,"endHours":25.898967464987518,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:54","end":"03:20","startHours":25.898967464987518,"endHours":27.32980800638369,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:20","end":"04:46","startHours":27.32980800638369,"endHours":28.760648547779866,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:46","end":"06:11","startHours":28.760648547779866,"endHours":30.191489089176038,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:11","end":"07:11","startHours":6.191489089176036,"endHours":7.191489089176036,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:11","end":"08:11","startHours":7.191489089176036,"endHours":8.191489089176036,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:11","end":"09:11","startHours":8.191489089176036,"endHours":9.191489089176036,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:11","end":"10:11","startHours":9.191489089176036,"endHours":10.191489089176036,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:11","end":"11:11","startHours":10.191489089176036,"endHours":11.191489089176036,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:11","end":"12:11","startHours":11.191489089176036,"endHours":12.191489089176036,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:11","end":"13:11","startHours":12.191489089176036,"endHours":13.191489089176036,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:11","end":"14:11","startHours":13.191489089176036,"endHours":14.191489089176036,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:11","end":"15:11","startHours":14.191489089176036,"endHours":15.191489089176036,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:11","end":"16:11","startHours":15.191489089176036,"endHours":16.191489089176038,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:11","end":"17:11","startHours":16.191489089176038,"endHours":17.191489089176038,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:11","end":"18:11","startHours":17.191489089176038,"endHours":18.191489089176038,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:11","end":"19:11","startHours":18.191489089176038,"endHours":19.191489089176038,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:11","end":"20:11","startHours":19.191489089176038,"endHours":20.191489089176038,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:11","end":"21:11","startHours":20.191489089176038,"endHours":21.191489089176038,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:11","end":"22:11","startHours":21.191489089176038,"endHours":22.191489089176038,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:11","end":"23:11","startHours":22.191489089176038,"endHours":23.191489089176038,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:11","end":"00:11","startHours":23.191489089176038,"endHours":24.191489089176038,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:11","end":"01:11","startHours":24.191489089176038,"endHours":25.191489089176038,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:11","end":"02:11","startHours":25.191489089176038,"endHours":26.191489089176038,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:11","end":"03:11","startHours":26.191489089176038,"endHours":27.191489089176038,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:11","end":"04:11","startHours":27.191489089176038,"endHours":28.191489089176038,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:11","end":"05:11","startHours":28.191489089176038,"endHours":29.191489089176038,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:11","end":"06:11","startHours":29.191489089176038,"endHours":30.191489089176038,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mātaṇga","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-5.054310357249095,"eotMinutes":-11.52961541548083,"ayanamsa":24.1768}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2080,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1945,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1430,"malayalam_era":1199,"nanakshahi_year":554,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2080 Nala · Śaka 1945 Śobhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 8, 2023 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 8, 2023 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:11, sūryāsta 18:45.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2023-03-08","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2023-03-08","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2023-03-08","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2023-03-08","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2023-03-08"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T05:53:55.425Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T05:53:55.425Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T05:53:55.425Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}