{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2022-02-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2022-02-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2022-02-28","date_display":"February 28, 2022 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2022,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459638.770833,"kali_year":5123,"ahargana":1871173.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.3607,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":281.6716,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":326.311,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.311},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1,"moon_longitude":281.6716,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.6716},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":237.0323},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":54,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2022,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459638.770833,"ahargana":1871173.2708,"kali_year":5123,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1626,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.262069,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":279.68076900000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.092},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":270.911469,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":290.89126899999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":319.462669,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":270.25916900000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":294.57796899999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":36.2354,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":216.2354,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2022,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459638.770833,"kali_year":5123,"ahargana":1871173.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.3607,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":281.6716,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":326.311,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.311},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1,"moon_longitude":281.6716,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.6716},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":237.0323},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":54,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.092,"elongation":33.689},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.092,"opposition_distance":146.311}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:06","sunsetLocal":"18:54","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":12.8062604285232,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 48 Mins 23 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 11 Mins 37 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:14","moonsetLocal":"17:01","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:42","end":"09:18","startHours":7.694003319737591,"endHours":9.294785873302992,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:54","end":"12:30","startHours":10.89556842686839,"endHours":12.49635098043379,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:06","end":"15:42","startHours":14.097133533999191,"endHours":15.69791608756459,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:05","end":"09:30","startHours":9.08134819949427,"endHours":9.508223547111712,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:38","end":"06:58","startHours":6.626814950693991,"endHours":6.968315228787943,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:04","end":"12:55","startHours":12.069475632816351,"endHours":12.92322632805123,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:23","end":"05:14","startHours":4.385719375702431,"endHours":5.239470070937311,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:02","end":"06:06","startHours":5.026032397128591,"endHours":6.093220766172191,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:38","end":"15:29","startHours":14.63072771852099,"endHours":15.48447841375587,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:42","end":"19:06","startHours":18.69948119469539,"endHours":19.09948119469539,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:54","end":"19:26","startHours":18.89948119469539,"endHours":19.43307537921719,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:39","end":"20:24","startHours":18.64948119469539,"endHours":20.39948119469539,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:04","end":"00:55","startHours":24.06947563281635,"endHours":24.92322632805123,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:06","end":"07:42","startHours":6.093220766172191,"endHours":7.694003319737591,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:42","end":"09:18","startHours":7.694003319737591,"endHours":9.294785873302992,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:18","end":"10:54","startHours":9.294785873302992,"endHours":10.89556842686839,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:54","end":"12:30","startHours":10.89556842686839,"endHours":12.49635098043379,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:30","end":"14:06","startHours":12.49635098043379,"endHours":14.097133533999191,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:06","end":"15:42","startHours":14.097133533999191,"endHours":15.69791608756459,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:42","end":"17:18","startHours":15.69791608756459,"endHours":17.298698641129988,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:18","end":"18:54","startHours":17.298698641129988,"endHours":18.89948119469539,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:54","end":"20:18","startHours":18.89948119469539,"endHours":20.29869864112999,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:18","end":"21:42","startHours":20.29869864112999,"endHours":21.69791608756459,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:42","end":"23:06","startHours":21.69791608756459,"endHours":23.09713353399919,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:06","end":"00:30","startHours":23.09713353399919,"endHours":24.49635098043379,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:30","end":"01:54","startHours":24.49635098043379,"endHours":25.89556842686839,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:54","end":"03:18","startHours":25.89556842686839,"endHours":27.29478587330299,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:18","end":"04:42","startHours":27.29478587330299,"endHours":28.69400331973759,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:42","end":"06:06","startHours":28.69400331973759,"endHours":30.09322076617219,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":6.093220766172191,"endHours":7.093220766172191,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.093220766172191,"endHours":8.093220766172191,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.093220766172191,"endHours":9.093220766172191,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.093220766172191,"endHours":10.093220766172191,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.093220766172191,"endHours":11.093220766172191,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.093220766172191,"endHours":12.093220766172191,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.093220766172191,"endHours":13.093220766172191,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.093220766172191,"endHours":14.093220766172191,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.093220766172191,"endHours":15.093220766172191,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.093220766172191,"endHours":16.09322076617219,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.09322076617219,"endHours":17.09322076617219,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.09322076617219,"endHours":18.09322076617219,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.09322076617219,"endHours":19.09322076617219,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.09322076617219,"endHours":20.09322076617219,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.09322076617219,"endHours":21.09322076617219,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.09322076617219,"endHours":22.09322076617219,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.09322076617219,"endHours":23.09322076617219,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.09322076617219,"endHours":24.09322076617219,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.09322076617219,"endHours":25.09322076617219,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.09322076617219,"endHours":26.09322076617219,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.09322076617219,"endHours":27.09322076617219,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.09322076617219,"endHours":28.09322076617219,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.09322076617219,"endHours":29.09322076617219,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.09322076617219,"endHours":30.09322076617219,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-8.035031259645107,"eotMinutes":-13.223058826027486,"ayanamsa":24.1626}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2079,"vikram_samvatsara":"Rākṣasa","saka_samvat":1944,"saka_samvatsara":"Śubhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1429,"malayalam_era":1198,"nanakshahi_year":553,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī · Vikram 2079 Rākṣasa · Śaka 1944 Śubhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5},{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 28, 2022 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 28, 2022 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 06:06, sūryāsta 18:54.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2022-02-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2022-02-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2022-02-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2022-02-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2022-02-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T23:45:28.679Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T23:45:28.679Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T23:45:28.679Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}