{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2021-08-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2021-08-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2021-08-28","date_display":"August 28, 2021 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2021,"month":8,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459454.770833,"kali_year":5123,"ahargana":1870989.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":130.0969,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":17.0509,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":246.954,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.954},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":17.0509,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.7175},"yoga":{"number":12,"name":"Dhruva","sum_longitude":147.1477},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2021,"month":8,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459454.770833,"ahargana":1870989.2708,"kali_year":5123,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1555,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":130.82049900000004,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":16.182098999999994,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.1754},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":143.97589900000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":152.34179900000004,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":301.99389900000006,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":169.49309900000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":284.244999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":45.9846,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":225.9846,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2021,"month":8,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459454.770833,"kali_year":5123,"ahargana":1870989.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":130.0969,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":17.0509,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":246.954,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.954},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":17.0509,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.7175},"yoga":{"number":12,"name":"Dhruva","sum_longitude":147.1477},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.175,"elongation":113.046},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.175,"opposition_distance":66.954}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:38","sunsetLocal":"17:57","solarNoonLocal":"12:17","dayLengthHours":11.318715654197199,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 19 Mins 07 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 40 Mins 53 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:14","moonsetLocal":"10:03","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:28","end":"10:52","startHours":9.459796565133772,"endHours":10.87463602190842,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:42","end":"15:07","startHours":13.70431493545772,"endHours":15.119154392232371,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:38","end":"08:03","startHours":6.630117651584471,"endHours":8.044957108359121,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:16","end":"09:39","startHours":9.271151304230484,"endHours":9.648441826037057,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:06","end":"07:24","startHours":7.101730803842687,"endHours":7.403563221287946,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:55","end":"12:40","startHours":11.912184956876496,"endHours":12.666766000489643,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:07","end":"05:53","startHours":5.120955564358178,"endHours":5.875536607971324,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:41","end":"06:38","startHours":5.686891347068038,"endHours":6.630117651584471,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:11","end":"14:56","startHours":14.175928087715938,"endHours":14.930509131329085,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:45","end":"18:09","startHours":17.74883330578167,"endHours":18.148833305781668,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:57","end":"18:25","startHours":17.94883330578167,"endHours":18.420446458039887,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:42","end":"19:27","startHours":17.69883330578167,"endHours":19.44883330578167,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:55","end":"00:40","startHours":23.912184956876498,"endHours":24.66676600048964,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:38","end":"08:03","startHours":6.630117651584471,"endHours":8.044957108359121,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:03","end":"09:28","startHours":8.044957108359121,"endHours":9.459796565133772,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:28","end":"10:52","startHours":9.459796565133772,"endHours":10.87463602190842,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:52","end":"12:17","startHours":10.87463602190842,"endHours":12.28947547868307,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:17","end":"13:42","startHours":12.28947547868307,"endHours":13.70431493545772,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:42","end":"15:07","startHours":13.70431493545772,"endHours":15.119154392232371,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:07","end":"16:32","startHours":15.119154392232371,"endHours":16.533993849007018,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:32","end":"17:57","startHours":16.533993849007018,"endHours":17.94883330578167,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:57","end":"19:32","startHours":17.94883330578167,"endHours":19.533993849007018,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:32","end":"21:07","startHours":19.533993849007018,"endHours":21.119154392232367,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:07","end":"22:42","startHours":21.119154392232367,"endHours":22.70431493545772,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:42","end":"00:17","startHours":22.70431493545772,"endHours":24.28947547868307,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:17","end":"01:52","startHours":24.28947547868307,"endHours":25.87463602190842,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:52","end":"03:28","startHours":25.87463602190842,"endHours":27.45979656513377,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:28","end":"05:03","startHours":27.45979656513377,"endHours":29.04495710835912,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:03","end":"06:38","startHours":29.04495710835912,"endHours":30.63011765158447,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:38","end":"07:38","startHours":6.630117651584471,"endHours":7.630117651584471,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:38","end":"08:38","startHours":7.630117651584471,"endHours":8.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:38","end":"09:38","startHours":8.63011765158447,"endHours":9.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:38","end":"10:38","startHours":9.63011765158447,"endHours":10.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:38","end":"11:38","startHours":10.63011765158447,"endHours":11.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:38","end":"12:38","startHours":11.63011765158447,"endHours":12.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:38","end":"13:38","startHours":12.63011765158447,"endHours":13.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:38","end":"14:38","startHours":13.63011765158447,"endHours":14.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:38","end":"15:38","startHours":14.63011765158447,"endHours":15.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:38","end":"16:38","startHours":15.63011765158447,"endHours":16.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:38","end":"17:38","startHours":16.63011765158447,"endHours":17.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:38","end":"18:38","startHours":17.63011765158447,"endHours":18.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:38","end":"19:38","startHours":18.63011765158447,"endHours":19.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:38","end":"20:38","startHours":19.63011765158447,"endHours":20.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:38","end":"21:38","startHours":20.63011765158447,"endHours":21.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:38","end":"22:38","startHours":21.63011765158447,"endHours":22.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:38","end":"23:38","startHours":22.63011765158447,"endHours":23.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:38","end":"00:38","startHours":23.63011765158447,"endHours":24.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:38","end":"01:38","startHours":24.63011765158447,"endHours":25.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:38","end":"02:38","startHours":25.63011765158447,"endHours":26.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:38","end":"03:38","startHours":26.63011765158447,"endHours":27.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:38","end":"04:38","startHours":27.63011765158447,"endHours":28.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:38","end":"05:38","startHours":28.63011765158447,"endHours":29.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:38","end":"06:38","startHours":29.63011765158447,"endHours":30.63011765158447,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":9.68550383134522,"eotMinutes":-0.8105287209842176,"ayanamsa":24.1555}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2078,"vikram_samvatsara":"Ānanda","saka_samvat":1943,"saka_samvatsara":"Plava","bengali_samvat":1428,"malayalam_era":1197,"nanakshahi_year":552,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 2078 Ānanda · Śaka 1943 Plava"},"festivals":[{"id":"balarama-jayanti","name":"Balarāma Jayantī (Hala-Ṣaṣṭhī)","name_sanskrit":"बलराम जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Balarāma (Krishna's elder brother; ādi-śeṣa)","significance":"Birth of Bala-deva, Krishna's elder brother and Saṅkarṣaṇa.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":21,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Bhādrapada"},"precedence":3,"sources":["Bhāgavata 10.2-3"]},{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 28, 2021 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 28, 2021 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 06:38, sūryāsta 17:57.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2021-08-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2021-08-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2021-08-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2021-08-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2021-08-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T03:02:44.694Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T03:02:44.694Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T03:02:44.694Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}