{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2019-04-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2019-04-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2019-04-16","date_display":"April 16, 2019 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2019,"month":4,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458589.770833,"kali_year":5120,"ahargana":1870124.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":1.7378,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":137.3574,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":135.6196,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.6196},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":137.3574,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.024},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":139.0951},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2019,"month":4,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458589.770833,"ahargana":1870124.2708,"kali_year":5120,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1224,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":1.6549479999999903,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":134.92044800000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.2103},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":46.057748000000004,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":334.14154800000006,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":240.16294800000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":330.0327480000001,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":266.152748,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":91.8165,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":271.8165,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2019,"month":4,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458589.770833,"kali_year":5120,"ahargana":1870124.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":1.7378,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":137.3574,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":135.6196,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.6196},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":137.3574,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.024},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":139.0951},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.21,"elongation":135.62},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.21,"opposition_distance":44.38}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:38","sunsetLocal":"17:55","solarNoonLocal":"12:17","dayLengthHours":11.295202291612371,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 17 Mins 43 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 42 Mins 17 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:27","moonsetLocal":"02:52","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:06","end":"16:31","startHours":15.09951238762645,"endHours":16.511412674077995,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:27","end":"10:52","startHours":9.451911241820264,"endHours":10.86381152827181,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:17","end":"13:41","startHours":12.275711814723358,"endHours":13.687612101174903,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:16","end":"09:38","startHours":9.263657870293391,"endHours":9.640164613347137,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:06","end":"07:24","startHours":7.098744097734354,"endHours":7.399949492177351,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:54","end":"12:39","startHours":11.899205071669613,"endHours":12.652218557777104,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:07","end":"05:53","startHours":5.122083696702189,"endHours":5.8750971828096805,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:41","end":"06:38","startHours":5.686843811282808,"endHours":6.628110668917172,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:09","end":"14:55","startHours":14.158245529992087,"endHours":14.911259016099578,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:43","end":"18:07","startHours":17.723312960529544,"endHours":18.123312960529542,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:55","end":"18:24","startHours":17.923312960529543,"endHours":18.393946389346727,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:40","end":"19:25","startHours":17.673312960529543,"endHours":19.423312960529543,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:54","end":"00:39","startHours":23.899205071669613,"endHours":24.652218557777104,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:38","end":"08:02","startHours":6.628110668917172,"endHours":8.040010955368718,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:02","end":"09:27","startHours":8.040010955368718,"endHours":9.451911241820264,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:27","end":"10:52","startHours":9.451911241820264,"endHours":10.86381152827181,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:52","end":"12:17","startHours":10.86381152827181,"endHours":12.275711814723358,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:17","end":"13:41","startHours":12.275711814723358,"endHours":13.687612101174903,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:41","end":"15:06","startHours":13.687612101174903,"endHours":15.09951238762645,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:06","end":"16:31","startHours":15.09951238762645,"endHours":16.511412674077995,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:31","end":"17:55","startHours":16.511412674077995,"endHours":17.923312960529543,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:55","end":"19:31","startHours":17.923312960529543,"endHours":19.511412674077995,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:31","end":"21:06","startHours":19.511412674077995,"endHours":21.09951238762645,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:06","end":"22:41","startHours":21.09951238762645,"endHours":22.687612101174903,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:41","end":"00:17","startHours":22.687612101174903,"endHours":24.27571181472336,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:17","end":"01:52","startHours":24.27571181472336,"endHours":25.86381152827181,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:52","end":"03:27","startHours":25.86381152827181,"endHours":27.451911241820262,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:27","end":"05:02","startHours":27.451911241820262,"endHours":29.040010955368718,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:02","end":"06:38","startHours":29.040010955368718,"endHours":30.628110668917174,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:38","end":"07:38","startHours":6.628110668917172,"endHours":7.628110668917172,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:38","end":"08:38","startHours":7.628110668917172,"endHours":8.628110668917172,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:38","end":"09:38","startHours":8.628110668917172,"endHours":9.628110668917172,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:38","end":"10:38","startHours":9.628110668917172,"endHours":10.628110668917172,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:38","end":"11:38","startHours":10.628110668917172,"endHours":11.628110668917172,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:38","end":"12:38","startHours":11.628110668917172,"endHours":12.628110668917172,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:38","end":"13:38","startHours":12.628110668917172,"endHours":13.628110668917172,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:38","end":"14:38","startHours":13.628110668917172,"endHours":14.628110668917172,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:38","end":"15:38","startHours":14.628110668917172,"endHours":15.628110668917172,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:38","end":"16:38","startHours":15.628110668917172,"endHours":16.628110668917174,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:38","end":"17:38","startHours":16.628110668917174,"endHours":17.628110668917174,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:38","end":"18:38","startHours":17.628110668917174,"endHours":18.628110668917174,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:38","end":"19:38","startHours":18.628110668917174,"endHours":19.628110668917174,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:38","end":"20:38","startHours":19.628110668917174,"endHours":20.628110668917174,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:38","end":"21:38","startHours":20.628110668917174,"endHours":21.628110668917174,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:38","end":"22:38","startHours":21.628110668917174,"endHours":22.628110668917174,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:38","end":"23:38","startHours":22.628110668917174,"endHours":23.628110668917174,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:38","end":"00:38","startHours":23.628110668917174,"endHours":24.628110668917174,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:38","end":"01:38","startHours":24.628110668917174,"endHours":25.628110668917174,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:38","end":"02:38","startHours":25.628110668917174,"endHours":26.628110668917174,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:38","end":"03:38","startHours":26.628110668917174,"endHours":27.628110668917174,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:38","end":"04:38","startHours":27.628110668917174,"endHours":28.628110668917174,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:38","end":"05:38","startHours":28.628110668917174,"endHours":29.628110668917174,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:38","end":"06:38","startHours":29.628110668917174,"endHours":30.628110668917174,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":9.960194464974037,"eotMinutes":0.015291116598477705,"ayanamsa":24.1224}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2076,"vikram_samvatsara":"Paridhāvi","saka_samvat":1941,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikāri","bengali_samvat":1426,"malayalam_era":1195,"nanakshahi_year":550,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2076 Paridhāvi · Śaka 1941 Vikāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 16, 2019 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 16, 2019 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:38, sūryāsta 17:55.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2019-04-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2019-04-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2019-04-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2019-04-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2019-04-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T22:31:03.122Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T22:31:03.122Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T22:31:03.122Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}