{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2019-03-30:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2019-03-30","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2019-03-30","date_display":"March 30, 2019 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2019,"month":3,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458572.770833,"kali_year":5120,"ahargana":1870107.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":345.0591,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":273.372,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":288.3129,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.3129},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":273.372,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.7053},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":258.4311},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":48,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2019,"month":3,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458572.770833,"ahargana":1870107.2708,"kali_year":5120,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1218,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":344.932398,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":275.46039799999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.0514},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":34.84259800000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":321.890498,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":239.992298,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":309.51569800000004,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":265.5340980000001,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":92.7172,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":272.7172,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2019,"month":3,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458572.770833,"kali_year":5120,"ahargana":1870107.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":345.0591,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":273.372,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":288.3129,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.3129},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":273.372,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.7053},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":258.4311},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":48,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.051,"elongation":71.687},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.051,"opposition_distance":108.313}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:27","sunsetLocal":"18:17","solarNoonLocal":"12:22","dayLengthHours":11.83233831512329,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 49 Mins 56 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 10 Mins 04 Secs","moonriseLocal":"00:47","moonsetLocal":"14:40","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:24","end":"10:53","startHours":9.400888763016908,"endHours":10.87993105240732,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:50","end":"15:19","startHours":13.838015631188142,"endHours":15.317057920578554,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:27","end":"07:55","startHours":6.442804184236087,"endHours":7.9218464736264975,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:12","end":"09:36","startHours":9.203683124431521,"endHours":9.598094401602296,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:56","end":"07:15","startHours":6.935818280699557,"endHours":7.251347302436178,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:58","end":"12:45","startHours":11.964562064626955,"endHours":12.753384618968509,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:52","end":"05:39","startHours":4.865159075552981,"endHours":5.653981629894534,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:27","end":"06:27","startHours":5.456775991309145,"endHours":6.442804184236087,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:20","end":"15:07","startHours":14.331029727651613,"endHours":15.119852281993165,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:05","end":"18:29","startHours":18.075142499359377,"endHours":18.475142499359375,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:17","end":"18:46","startHours":18.275142499359376,"endHours":18.768156595822845,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:02","end":"19:47","startHours":18.025142499359376,"endHours":19.775142499359376,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:58","end":"00:45","startHours":23.964562064626957,"endHours":24.753384618968507,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:27","end":"07:55","startHours":6.442804184236087,"endHours":7.9218464736264975,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:55","end":"09:24","startHours":7.9218464736264975,"endHours":9.400888763016908,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:24","end":"10:53","startHours":9.400888763016908,"endHours":10.87993105240732,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:53","end":"12:22","startHours":10.87993105240732,"endHours":12.358973341797732,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:22","end":"13:50","startHours":12.358973341797732,"endHours":13.838015631188142,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:50","end":"15:19","startHours":13.838015631188142,"endHours":15.317057920578554,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:19","end":"16:48","startHours":15.317057920578554,"endHours":16.796100209968962,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:48","end":"18:17","startHours":16.796100209968962,"endHours":18.275142499359376,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:17","end":"19:48","startHours":18.275142499359376,"endHours":19.796100209968966,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:48","end":"21:19","startHours":19.796100209968966,"endHours":21.317057920578552,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:19","end":"22:50","startHours":21.317057920578552,"endHours":22.838015631188142,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:50","end":"00:22","startHours":22.838015631188142,"endHours":24.358973341797732,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:22","end":"01:53","startHours":24.358973341797732,"endHours":25.879931052407322,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:53","end":"03:24","startHours":25.879931052407322,"endHours":27.40088876301691,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:24","end":"04:55","startHours":27.40088876301691,"endHours":28.9218464736265,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:55","end":"06:27","startHours":28.9218464736265,"endHours":30.44280418423609,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:27","end":"07:27","startHours":6.442804184236087,"endHours":7.442804184236087,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:27","end":"08:27","startHours":7.442804184236087,"endHours":8.442804184236087,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:27","end":"09:27","startHours":8.442804184236087,"endHours":9.442804184236087,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:27","end":"10:27","startHours":9.442804184236087,"endHours":10.442804184236087,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:27","end":"11:27","startHours":10.442804184236087,"endHours":11.442804184236087,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:27","end":"12:27","startHours":11.442804184236087,"endHours":12.442804184236087,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:27","end":"13:27","startHours":12.442804184236087,"endHours":13.442804184236087,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:27","end":"14:27","startHours":13.442804184236087,"endHours":14.442804184236087,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:27","end":"15:27","startHours":14.442804184236087,"endHours":15.442804184236087,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:27","end":"16:27","startHours":15.442804184236087,"endHours":16.44280418423609,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:27","end":"17:27","startHours":16.44280418423609,"endHours":17.44280418423609,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:27","end":"18:27","startHours":17.44280418423609,"endHours":18.44280418423609,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:27","end":"19:27","startHours":18.44280418423609,"endHours":19.44280418423609,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:27","end":"20:27","startHours":19.44280418423609,"endHours":20.44280418423609,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:27","end":"21:27","startHours":20.44280418423609,"endHours":21.44280418423609,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:27","end":"22:27","startHours":21.44280418423609,"endHours":22.44280418423609,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:27","end":"23:27","startHours":22.44280418423609,"endHours":23.44280418423609,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:27","end":"00:27","startHours":23.44280418423609,"endHours":24.44280418423609,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:27","end":"01:27","startHours":24.44280418423609,"endHours":25.44280418423609,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:27","end":"02:27","startHours":25.44280418423609,"endHours":26.44280418423609,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:27","end":"03:27","startHours":26.44280418423609,"endHours":27.44280418423609,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:27","end":"04:27","startHours":27.44280418423609,"endHours":28.44280418423609,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:27","end":"05:27","startHours":28.44280418423609,"endHours":29.44280418423609,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:27","end":"06:27","startHours":29.44280418423609,"endHours":30.44280418423609,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":3.58852479570601,"eotMinutes":-4.980400507863914,"ayanamsa":24.1218}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2076,"vikram_samvatsara":"Paridhāvi","saka_samvat":1941,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikāri","bengali_samvat":1426,"malayalam_era":1195,"nanakshahi_year":550,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Daśamī · Vikram 2076 Paridhāvi · Śaka 1941 Vikāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"mina-sankranti","name":"Mīna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मीन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Pisces; Mīna-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mīna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 30, 2019 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 30, 2019 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Daśamī, sūryodaya 06:27, sūryāsta 18:17.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2019-03-30","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2019-03-30","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2019-03-30","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2019-03-30","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2019-03-30"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T00:53:41.652Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T00:53:41.652Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T00:53:41.652Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}