{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2015-01-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2015-01-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2015-01-01","date_display":"January 1, 2015 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2015,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457023.770833,"kali_year":5116,"ahargana":1868558.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.9485,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":26.2447,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":130.2962,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.2962},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":26.2447,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.9114},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":282.1932},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2015,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457023.770833,"ahargana":1868558.2708,"kali_year":5116,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0625,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.22138100000006,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":27.063481000000024,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.3464},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":296.7772809999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":269.52668100000005,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":116.91598099999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":272.52658099999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":216.55938100000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":174.7907,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":354.7907,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2015,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457023.770833,"kali_year":5116,"ahargana":1868558.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.9485,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":26.2447,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":130.2962,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.2962},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":26.2447,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.9114},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":282.1932},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.346,"elongation":130.296},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.346,"opposition_distance":49.704}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:14","sunsetLocal":"19:26","solarNoonLocal":"12:20","dayLengthHours":14.19860154572802,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 11 Mins 55 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 48 Mins 05 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:48","moonsetLocal":"02:20","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:07","end":"15:53","startHours":14.11254483193927,"endHours":15.887370025155272,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:14","end":"07:01","startHours":5.238418865859257,"endHours":7.01324405907526,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:47","end":"10:34","startHours":8.788069252291262,"endHours":10.562894445507265,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:33","end":"09:01","startHours":8.551425893195795,"endHours":9.024712611386729,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:50","end":"06:13","startHours":5.830027263597925,"endHours":6.208656638150672,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:52","end":"12:49","startHours":11.864432920532334,"endHours":12.811006356914202,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:21","end":"04:18","startHours":3.3452719930955217,"endHours":4.291845429477389,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:03","end":"05:14","startHours":4.055202070381922,"endHours":5.238418865859257,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:42","end":"15:39","startHours":14.704153229677937,"endHours":15.650726666059805,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:14","end":"19:38","startHours":19.237020411587277,"endHours":19.637020411587276,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:26","end":"20:02","startHours":19.437020411587277,"endHours":20.028628809325944,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:11","end":"20:56","startHours":19.187020411587277,"endHours":20.937020411587277,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:52","end":"00:49","startHours":23.864432920532334,"endHours":24.811006356914202,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:14","end":"07:01","startHours":5.238418865859257,"endHours":7.01324405907526,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:01","end":"08:47","startHours":7.01324405907526,"endHours":8.788069252291262,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:47","end":"10:34","startHours":8.788069252291262,"endHours":10.562894445507265,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:34","end":"12:20","startHours":10.562894445507265,"endHours":12.337719638723268,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:20","end":"14:07","startHours":12.337719638723268,"endHours":14.11254483193927,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:07","end":"15:53","startHours":14.11254483193927,"endHours":15.887370025155272,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:53","end":"17:40","startHours":15.887370025155272,"endHours":17.662195218371274,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:40","end":"19:26","startHours":17.662195218371274,"endHours":19.437020411587277,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:26","end":"20:40","startHours":19.437020411587277,"endHours":20.662195218371274,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:40","end":"21:53","startHours":20.662195218371274,"endHours":21.88737002515527,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:53","end":"23:07","startHours":21.88737002515527,"endHours":23.112544831939267,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:07","end":"00:20","startHours":23.112544831939267,"endHours":24.337719638723268,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:20","end":"01:34","startHours":24.337719638723268,"endHours":25.562894445507265,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:34","end":"02:47","startHours":25.562894445507265,"endHours":26.788069252291262,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:47","end":"04:01","startHours":26.788069252291262,"endHours":28.013244059075262,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:01","end":"05:14","startHours":28.013244059075262,"endHours":29.23841886585926,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:14","end":"06:14","startHours":5.238418865859257,"endHours":6.238418865859257,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:14","end":"07:14","startHours":6.238418865859257,"endHours":7.238418865859257,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:14","end":"08:14","startHours":7.238418865859257,"endHours":8.238418865859257,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:14","end":"09:14","startHours":8.238418865859257,"endHours":9.238418865859257,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:14","end":"10:14","startHours":9.238418865859257,"endHours":10.238418865859257,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:14","end":"11:14","startHours":10.238418865859257,"endHours":11.238418865859257,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:14","end":"12:14","startHours":11.238418865859257,"endHours":12.238418865859257,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:14","end":"13:14","startHours":12.238418865859257,"endHours":13.238418865859257,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:14","end":"14:14","startHours":13.238418865859257,"endHours":14.238418865859257,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:14","end":"15:14","startHours":14.238418865859257,"endHours":15.238418865859257,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:14","end":"16:14","startHours":15.238418865859257,"endHours":16.23841886585926,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:14","end":"17:14","startHours":16.23841886585926,"endHours":17.23841886585926,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:14","end":"18:14","startHours":17.23841886585926,"endHours":18.23841886585926,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:14","end":"19:14","startHours":18.23841886585926,"endHours":19.23841886585926,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:14","end":"20:14","startHours":19.23841886585926,"endHours":20.23841886585926,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:14","end":"21:14","startHours":20.23841886585926,"endHours":21.23841886585926,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:14","end":"22:14","startHours":21.23841886585926,"endHours":22.23841886585926,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:14","end":"23:14","startHours":22.23841886585926,"endHours":23.23841886585926,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:14","end":"00:14","startHours":23.23841886585926,"endHours":24.23841886585926,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:14","end":"01:14","startHours":24.23841886585926,"endHours":25.23841886585926,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:14","end":"02:14","startHours":25.23841886585926,"endHours":26.23841886585926,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:14","end":"03:14","startHours":26.23841886585926,"endHours":27.23841886585926,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:14","end":"04:14","startHours":27.23841886585926,"endHours":28.23841886585926,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:14","end":"05:14","startHours":28.23841886585926,"endHours":29.23841886585926,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.038091187457663,"eotMinutes":-3.705178323396069,"ayanamsa":24.0625}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2072,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","saka_samvat":1937,"saka_samvatsara":"Manmatha","bengali_samvat":1422,"malayalam_era":1191,"nanakshahi_year":546,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2072 Kīlaka · Śaka 1937 Manmatha"},"festivals":[{"id":"putrada-ekadashi","name":"Pauṣa Putradā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"पौष पुत्रदा एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Ekādaśī granting putra-prāpti.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Pauṣa"},"precedence":4},{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 1, 2015 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 1, 2015 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 05:14, sūryāsta 19:26.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2015-01-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2015-01-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2015-01-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2015-01-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2015-01-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T06:58:31.217Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T06:58:31.217Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T06:58:31.217Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}