{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2013-01-19:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2013-01-19","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2013-01-19","date_display":"January 19, 2013 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":1,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456311.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867846.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":274.9743,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":3.5484,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":88.5741,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.5741},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":3.5484,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.5484},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":278.5226},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":14,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2013,"month":1,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456311.770833,"ahargana":1867846.2708,"kali_year":5114,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0353,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":275.083985,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.667185000000018,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.1777},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":294.7293850000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":275.38658499999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":42.104285000000004,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":258.169485,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":196.41578500000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":212.5159,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":32.5159,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":1,"day":19,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456311.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867846.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":274.9743,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":3.5484,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":88.5741,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.5741},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":3.5484,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.5484},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":278.5226},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":14,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.178,"elongation":88.574},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.178,"opposition_distance":91.426}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:29","sunsetLocal":"19:25","solarNoonLocal":"12:27","dayLengthHours":13.92538559074762,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 55 Mins 31 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 04 Mins 29 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:56","moonsetLocal":"00:04","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:58","end":"10:43","startHours":8.972321167876768,"endHours":10.71299436672022,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:12","end":"15:56","startHours":14.194340764407126,"endHours":15.935013963250576,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:29","end":"07:14","startHours":5.490974770189863,"endHours":7.231647969033315,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:44","end":"09:12","startHours":8.740231408030974,"endHours":9.204410927722561,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:04","end":"06:27","startHours":6.071199169804347,"endHours":6.442542785557617,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:59","end":"12:55","startHours":11.989488045872084,"endHours":12.917847085255259,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:38","end":"04:34","startHours":3.6342566914235133,"endHours":4.562615730806688,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:20","end":"05:29","startHours":4.3305259709608945,"endHours":5.490974770189863,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:46","end":"15:42","startHours":14.77456516402161,"endHours":15.702924203404784,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:13","end":"19:37","startHours":19.216360360937482,"endHours":19.61636036093748,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:25","end":"20:00","startHours":19.41636036093748,"endHours":19.996584760551965,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:10","end":"20:55","startHours":19.16636036093748,"endHours":20.91636036093748,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:59","end":"00:55","startHours":23.989488045872083,"endHours":24.917847085255257,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:29","end":"07:14","startHours":5.490974770189863,"endHours":7.231647969033315,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:14","end":"08:58","startHours":7.231647969033315,"endHours":8.972321167876768,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:58","end":"10:43","startHours":8.972321167876768,"endHours":10.71299436672022,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:43","end":"12:27","startHours":10.71299436672022,"endHours":12.453667565563673,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:27","end":"14:12","startHours":12.453667565563673,"endHours":14.194340764407126,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:12","end":"15:56","startHours":14.194340764407126,"endHours":15.935013963250576,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:56","end":"17:41","startHours":15.935013963250576,"endHours":17.67568716209403,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:41","end":"19:25","startHours":17.67568716209403,"endHours":19.41636036093748,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"19:25","end":"20:41","startHours":19.41636036093748,"endHours":20.67568716209403,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:41","end":"21:56","startHours":20.67568716209403,"endHours":21.935013963250576,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:56","end":"23:12","startHours":21.935013963250576,"endHours":23.194340764407123,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:12","end":"00:27","startHours":23.194340764407123,"endHours":24.45366756556367,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:27","end":"01:43","startHours":24.45366756556367,"endHours":25.712994366720217,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:43","end":"02:58","startHours":25.712994366720217,"endHours":26.972321167876768,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:58","end":"04:14","startHours":26.972321167876768,"endHours":28.231647969033315,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:14","end":"05:29","startHours":28.231647969033315,"endHours":29.49097477018986,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:29","end":"06:29","startHours":5.490974770189863,"endHours":6.490974770189863,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:29","end":"07:29","startHours":6.490974770189863,"endHours":7.490974770189863,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:29","end":"08:29","startHours":7.490974770189863,"endHours":8.490974770189862,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:29","end":"09:29","startHours":8.490974770189862,"endHours":9.490974770189862,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:29","end":"10:29","startHours":9.490974770189862,"endHours":10.490974770189862,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:29","end":"11:29","startHours":10.490974770189862,"endHours":11.490974770189862,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:29","end":"12:29","startHours":11.490974770189862,"endHours":12.490974770189862,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:29","end":"13:29","startHours":12.490974770189862,"endHours":13.490974770189862,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:29","end":"14:29","startHours":13.490974770189862,"endHours":14.490974770189862,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:29","end":"15:29","startHours":14.490974770189862,"endHours":15.490974770189862,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:29","end":"16:29","startHours":15.490974770189862,"endHours":16.49097477018986,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:29","end":"17:29","startHours":16.49097477018986,"endHours":17.49097477018986,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:29","end":"18:29","startHours":17.49097477018986,"endHours":18.49097477018986,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:29","end":"19:29","startHours":18.49097477018986,"endHours":19.49097477018986,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:29","end":"20:29","startHours":19.49097477018986,"endHours":20.49097477018986,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:29","end":"21:29","startHours":20.49097477018986,"endHours":21.49097477018986,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:29","end":"22:29","startHours":21.49097477018986,"endHours":22.49097477018986,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:29","end":"23:29","startHours":22.49097477018986,"endHours":23.49097477018986,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:29","end":"00:29","startHours":23.49097477018986,"endHours":24.49097477018986,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:29","end":"01:29","startHours":24.49097477018986,"endHours":25.49097477018986,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:29","end":"02:29","startHours":25.49097477018986,"endHours":26.49097477018986,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:29","end":"03:29","startHours":26.49097477018986,"endHours":27.49097477018986,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:29","end":"04:29","startHours":27.49097477018986,"endHours":28.49097477018986,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:29","end":"05:29","startHours":28.49097477018986,"endHours":29.49097477018986,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.332185582317905,"eotMinutes":-10.662053933820344,"ayanamsa":24.0353}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2070,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1935,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1420,"malayalam_era":1189,"nanakshahi_year":544,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2070 Parābhava · Śaka 1935 Vijaya"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"bhishma-ashtami","name":"Bhīṣmāṣṭamī","name_sanskrit":"भीष्माष्टमी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Bhīṣma Pitāmaha","significance":"Bhīṣma's mahaprasthāna anniversary (Māgha Śukla 8); Bhīṣma-tarpaṇa.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":8,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Mahābhārata, Anuśāsana Parva"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Śukla Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 19, 2013 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 19, 2013 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 05:29, sūryāsta 19:25.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2013-01-19","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2013-01-19","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2013-01-19","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2013-01-19","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2013-01-19"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:29:09.773Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:29:09.773Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T13:29:09.773Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}