{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2012-01-23:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2012-01-23","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2012-01-23","date_display":"January 23, 2012 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":1,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455949.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867484.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":278.3163,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":276.724,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":358.4078,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.4078},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":276.724,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.0574},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":195.0403},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2012,"month":1,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455949.770833,"ahargana":1867484.2708,"kali_year":5113,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0215,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":278.397516,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":274.837616,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.1819},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":148.854516,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":268.276116,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":7.513015999999993,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":316.468116,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":185.01241600000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":231.6964,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":51.6964,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":1,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455949.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867484.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":278.3163,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":276.724,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":358.4078,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.4078},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":276.724,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.0574},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":195.0403},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.182,"elongation":1.592},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.182,"opposition_distance":178.408}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:33","sunsetLocal":"19:24","solarNoonLocal":"12:28","dayLengthHours":13.855376326657218,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 51 Mins 19 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 08 Mins 41 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:18","moonsetLocal":"19:11","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:17","end":"09:01","startHours":7.276953837172172,"endHours":9.008875878004325,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:44","end":"12:28","startHours":10.740797918836476,"endHours":12.472719959668629,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:12","end":"15:56","startHours":14.204642000500781,"endHours":15.936564041332932,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:47","end":"09:14","startHours":8.777952939226704,"endHours":9.239798816781944,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:07","end":"06:30","startHours":6.12233914328407,"endHours":6.491815845328262,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:01","end":"12:56","startHours":12.010874082113387,"endHours":12.93456583722387,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:42","end":"04:37","startHours":3.6976482861190574,"endHours":4.621340041229538,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:23","end":"05:33","startHours":4.390417102451918,"endHours":5.5450317963400195,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:47","end":"15:42","startHours":14.781949347444831,"endHours":15.705641102555312,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:12","end":"19:36","startHours":19.20040812299724,"endHours":19.600408122997237,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:24","end":"19:59","startHours":19.400408122997238,"endHours":19.977715469941288,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:09","end":"20:54","startHours":19.150408122997238,"endHours":20.900408122997238,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:01","end":"00:56","startHours":24.01087408211339,"endHours":24.93456583722387,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:33","end":"07:17","startHours":5.5450317963400195,"endHours":7.276953837172172,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:17","end":"09:01","startHours":7.276953837172172,"endHours":9.008875878004325,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:01","end":"10:44","startHours":9.008875878004325,"endHours":10.740797918836476,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:44","end":"12:28","startHours":10.740797918836476,"endHours":12.472719959668629,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:28","end":"14:12","startHours":12.472719959668629,"endHours":14.204642000500781,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:12","end":"15:56","startHours":14.204642000500781,"endHours":15.936564041332932,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:56","end":"17:40","startHours":15.936564041332932,"endHours":17.668486082165085,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:40","end":"19:24","startHours":17.668486082165085,"endHours":19.400408122997238,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"19:24","end":"20:40","startHours":19.400408122997238,"endHours":20.668486082165085,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:40","end":"21:56","startHours":20.668486082165085,"endHours":21.936564041332932,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:56","end":"23:12","startHours":21.936564041332932,"endHours":23.20464200050078,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:12","end":"00:28","startHours":23.20464200050078,"endHours":24.47271995966863,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:28","end":"01:44","startHours":24.47271995966863,"endHours":25.740797918836478,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:44","end":"03:01","startHours":25.740797918836478,"endHours":27.008875878004325,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:01","end":"04:17","startHours":27.008875878004325,"endHours":28.276953837172172,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:17","end":"05:33","startHours":28.276953837172172,"endHours":29.54503179634002,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:33","end":"06:33","startHours":5.5450317963400195,"endHours":6.5450317963400195,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:33","end":"07:33","startHours":6.5450317963400195,"endHours":7.5450317963400195,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:33","end":"08:33","startHours":7.5450317963400195,"endHours":8.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:33","end":"09:33","startHours":8.54503179634002,"endHours":9.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:33","end":"10:33","startHours":9.54503179634002,"endHours":10.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:33","end":"11:33","startHours":10.54503179634002,"endHours":11.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:33","end":"12:33","startHours":11.54503179634002,"endHours":12.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:33","end":"13:33","startHours":12.54503179634002,"endHours":13.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:33","end":"14:33","startHours":13.54503179634002,"endHours":14.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:33","end":"15:33","startHours":14.54503179634002,"endHours":15.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:33","end":"16:33","startHours":15.54503179634002,"endHours":16.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:33","end":"17:33","startHours":16.54503179634002,"endHours":17.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:33","end":"18:33","startHours":17.54503179634002,"endHours":18.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:33","end":"19:33","startHours":18.54503179634002,"endHours":19.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:33","end":"20:33","startHours":19.54503179634002,"endHours":20.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:33","end":"21:33","startHours":20.54503179634002,"endHours":21.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:33","end":"22:33","startHours":21.54503179634002,"endHours":22.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:33","end":"23:33","startHours":22.54503179634002,"endHours":23.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:33","end":"00:33","startHours":23.54503179634002,"endHours":24.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:33","end":"01:33","startHours":24.54503179634002,"endHours":25.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:33","end":"02:33","startHours":25.54503179634002,"endHours":26.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:33","end":"03:33","startHours":26.54503179634002,"endHours":27.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:33","end":"04:33","startHours":27.54503179634002,"endHours":28.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:33","end":"05:33","startHours":28.54503179634002,"endHours":29.54503179634002,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-19.61790053142572,"eotMinutes":-11.805197580117738,"ayanamsa":24.0215}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2069,"vikram_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","saka_samvat":1934,"saka_samvatsara":"Nandana","bengali_samvat":1419,"malayalam_era":1188,"nanakshahi_year":543,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 2069 Viśvāvasu · Śaka 1934 Nandana"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 23, 2012 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 23, 2012 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 05:33, sūryāsta 19:24.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2012-01-23","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2012-01-23","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2012-01-23","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2012-01-23","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2012-01-23"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T00:34:45.033Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T00:34:45.033Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T00:34:45.033Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}