{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2009-01-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2009-01-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2009-01-01","date_display":"January 1, 2009 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2009,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454832.770833,"kali_year":5110,"ahargana":1866367.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.5166,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":309.6088,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":53.0922,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.0922},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":309.6088,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.9421},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":206.1254},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2009,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454832.770833,"ahargana":1866367.2708,"kali_year":5110,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.9787,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.77059299999996,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":306.286693,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.4435},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":249.45489299999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":275.519493,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":275.44269299999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":303.17559299999994,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":147.57969300000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":290.8804,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":110.8804,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2009,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454832.770833,"kali_year":5110,"ahargana":1866367.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.5166,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":309.6088,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":53.0922,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.0922},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":309.6088,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.9421},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":206.1254},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.444,"elongation":53.092},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.444,"opposition_distance":126.908}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:14","sunsetLocal":"19:26","solarNoonLocal":"12:20","dayLengthHours":14.194803224486662,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 11 Mins 41 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 48 Mins 19 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:07","moonsetLocal":"22:10","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:07","end":"15:53","startHours":14.1120700417841,"endHours":15.886420444844934,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:14","end":"07:01","startHours":5.240318026479937,"endHours":7.0146684295407695,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:47","end":"10:34","startHours":8.789018832601602,"endHours":10.563369235662435,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:33","end":"09:02","startHours":8.552438778860157,"endHours":9.025598886343047,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:50","end":"06:13","startHours":5.831768160833548,"endHours":6.210296246819858,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:52","end":"12:49","startHours":11.86455953124038,"endHours":12.810879746206156,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:21","end":"04:18","startHours":3.347677596548382,"endHours":4.293997811514159,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:03","end":"05:14","startHours":4.057417757772715,"endHours":5.240318026479937,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:42","end":"15:39","startHours":14.703520176137712,"endHours":15.649840391103488,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:14","end":"19:38","startHours":19.2351212509666,"endHours":19.6351212509666,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:26","end":"20:02","startHours":19.4351212509666,"endHours":20.02657138532021,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:11","end":"20:56","startHours":19.1851212509666,"endHours":20.9351212509666,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:52","end":"00:49","startHours":23.864559531240378,"endHours":24.810879746206158,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:14","end":"07:01","startHours":5.240318026479937,"endHours":7.0146684295407695,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:01","end":"08:47","startHours":7.0146684295407695,"endHours":8.789018832601602,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:47","end":"10:34","startHours":8.789018832601602,"endHours":10.563369235662435,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:34","end":"12:20","startHours":10.563369235662435,"endHours":12.337719638723268,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:20","end":"14:07","startHours":12.337719638723268,"endHours":14.1120700417841,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:07","end":"15:53","startHours":14.1120700417841,"endHours":15.886420444844934,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:53","end":"17:40","startHours":15.886420444844934,"endHours":17.660770847905766,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:40","end":"19:26","startHours":17.660770847905766,"endHours":19.4351212509666,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:26","end":"20:40","startHours":19.4351212509666,"endHours":20.660770847905766,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:40","end":"21:53","startHours":20.660770847905766,"endHours":21.886420444844934,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:53","end":"23:07","startHours":21.886420444844934,"endHours":23.1120700417841,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:07","end":"00:20","startHours":23.1120700417841,"endHours":24.337719638723268,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:20","end":"01:34","startHours":24.337719638723268,"endHours":25.563369235662435,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:34","end":"02:47","startHours":25.563369235662435,"endHours":26.789018832601602,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:47","end":"04:01","startHours":26.789018832601602,"endHours":28.01466842954077,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:01","end":"05:14","startHours":28.01466842954077,"endHours":29.240318026479937,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:14","end":"06:14","startHours":5.240318026479937,"endHours":6.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:14","end":"07:14","startHours":6.240318026479937,"endHours":7.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:14","end":"08:14","startHours":7.240318026479937,"endHours":8.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:14","end":"09:14","startHours":8.240318026479937,"endHours":9.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:14","end":"10:14","startHours":9.240318026479937,"endHours":10.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:14","end":"11:14","startHours":10.240318026479937,"endHours":11.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:14","end":"12:14","startHours":11.240318026479937,"endHours":12.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:14","end":"13:14","startHours":12.240318026479937,"endHours":13.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:14","end":"14:14","startHours":13.240318026479937,"endHours":14.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:14","end":"15:14","startHours":14.240318026479937,"endHours":15.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:14","end":"16:14","startHours":15.240318026479937,"endHours":16.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:14","end":"17:14","startHours":16.240318026479937,"endHours":17.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:14","end":"18:14","startHours":17.240318026479937,"endHours":18.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:14","end":"19:14","startHours":18.240318026479937,"endHours":19.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:14","end":"20:14","startHours":19.240318026479937,"endHours":20.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:14","end":"21:14","startHours":20.240318026479937,"endHours":21.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:14","end":"22:14","startHours":21.240318026479937,"endHours":22.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:14","end":"23:14","startHours":22.240318026479937,"endHours":23.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:14","end":"00:14","startHours":23.240318026479937,"endHours":24.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:14","end":"01:14","startHours":24.240318026479937,"endHours":25.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:14","end":"02:14","startHours":25.240318026479937,"endHours":26.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:14","end":"03:14","startHours":26.240318026479937,"endHours":27.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:14","end":"04:14","startHours":27.240318026479937,"endHours":28.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:14","end":"05:14","startHours":28.240318026479937,"endHours":29.240318026479937,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Maitra","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.00138191841447,"eotMinutes":-3.705178323396069,"ayanamsa":23.9787}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2066,"vikram_samvatsara":"Śubhakṛt","saka_samvat":1931,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhi","bengali_samvat":1416,"malayalam_era":1185,"nanakshahi_year":540,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2066 Śubhakṛt · Śaka 1931 Virodhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 1, 2009 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 1, 2009 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 05:14, sūryāsta 19:26.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2009-01-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2009-01-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2009-01-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2009-01-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2009-01-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T05:25:48.800Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T05:25:48.800Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T05:25:48.800Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}