{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2004-08-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2004-08-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2004-08-28","date_display":"August 28, 2004 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2004,"month":8,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453245.770833,"kali_year":5106,"ahargana":1864780.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":130.4805,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":284.6468,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":154.1663,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.1663},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2,"moon_longitude":284.6468,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.6468},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":55.1273},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2004,"month":8,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453245.770833,"ahargana":1864780.2708,"kali_year":5106,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.918,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":131.16432799999995,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":283.3137280000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4999},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":137.22612800000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":123.78682800000001,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":150.29582800000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":85.59672799999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":88.975728,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":14.9673,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":194.9673,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2004,"month":8,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453245.770833,"kali_year":5106,"ahargana":1864780.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":130.4805,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":284.6468,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":154.1663,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.1663},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2,"moon_longitude":284.6468,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.6468},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":55.1273},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.5,"elongation":154.166},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.5,"opposition_distance":25.834}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:38","sunsetLocal":"17:57","solarNoonLocal":"12:17","dayLengthHours":11.32204115081371,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 19 Mins 19 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 40 Mins 41 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:35","moonsetLocal":"05:17","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:28","end":"10:52","startHours":9.45896519097964,"endHours":10.874220334831355,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:42","end":"15:07","startHours":13.704730622534782,"endHours":15.119985766386495,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:38","end":"08:03","startHours":6.6284549032762135,"endHours":8.043710047127927,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:16","end":"09:39","startHours":9.270264505132745,"endHours":9.647665876826537,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:06","end":"07:24","startHours":7.100206617893451,"endHours":7.402127715248484,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:55","end":"12:40","startHours":11.912074106989278,"endHours":12.66687685037686,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:07","end":"05:52","startHours":5.118849416501052,"endHours":5.873652159888633,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:41","end":"06:38","startHours":5.684951474041737,"endHours":6.6284549032762135,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:11","end":"14:56","startHours":14.17648233715202,"endHours":14.9312850805396,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:45","end":"18:09","startHours":17.750496054089925,"endHours":18.150496054089924,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:57","end":"18:25","startHours":17.950496054089925,"endHours":18.422247768707162,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:42","end":"19:27","startHours":17.700496054089925,"endHours":19.450496054089925,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:55","end":"00:40","startHours":23.91207410698928,"endHours":24.66687685037686,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:38","end":"08:03","startHours":6.6284549032762135,"endHours":8.043710047127927,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:03","end":"09:28","startHours":8.043710047127927,"endHours":9.45896519097964,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:28","end":"10:52","startHours":9.45896519097964,"endHours":10.874220334831355,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:52","end":"12:17","startHours":10.874220334831355,"endHours":12.28947547868307,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:17","end":"13:42","startHours":12.28947547868307,"endHours":13.704730622534782,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:42","end":"15:07","startHours":13.704730622534782,"endHours":15.119985766386495,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:07","end":"16:32","startHours":15.119985766386495,"endHours":16.535240910238212,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:32","end":"17:57","startHours":16.535240910238212,"endHours":17.950496054089925,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:57","end":"19:32","startHours":17.950496054089925,"endHours":19.535240910238212,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:32","end":"21:07","startHours":19.535240910238212,"endHours":21.1199857663865,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:07","end":"22:42","startHours":21.1199857663865,"endHours":22.704730622534782,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:42","end":"00:17","startHours":22.704730622534782,"endHours":24.28947547868307,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:17","end":"01:52","startHours":24.28947547868307,"endHours":25.874220334831357,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:52","end":"03:28","startHours":25.874220334831357,"endHours":27.45896519097964,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:28","end":"05:03","startHours":27.45896519097964,"endHours":29.043710047127927,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:03","end":"06:38","startHours":29.043710047127927,"endHours":30.628454903276214,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:38","end":"07:38","startHours":6.6284549032762135,"endHours":7.6284549032762135,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:38","end":"08:38","startHours":7.6284549032762135,"endHours":8.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:38","end":"09:38","startHours":8.628454903276214,"endHours":9.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:38","end":"10:38","startHours":9.628454903276214,"endHours":10.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:38","end":"11:38","startHours":10.628454903276214,"endHours":11.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:38","end":"12:38","startHours":11.628454903276214,"endHours":12.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:38","end":"13:38","startHours":12.628454903276214,"endHours":13.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:38","end":"14:38","startHours":13.628454903276214,"endHours":14.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:38","end":"15:38","startHours":14.628454903276214,"endHours":15.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:38","end":"16:38","startHours":15.628454903276214,"endHours":16.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:38","end":"17:38","startHours":16.628454903276214,"endHours":17.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:38","end":"18:38","startHours":17.628454903276214,"endHours":18.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:38","end":"19:38","startHours":18.628454903276214,"endHours":19.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:38","end":"20:38","startHours":19.628454903276214,"endHours":20.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:38","end":"21:38","startHours":20.628454903276214,"endHours":21.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:38","end":"22:38","startHours":21.628454903276214,"endHours":22.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:38","end":"23:38","startHours":22.628454903276214,"endHours":23.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:38","end":"00:38","startHours":23.628454903276214,"endHours":24.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:38","end":"01:38","startHours":24.628454903276214,"endHours":25.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:38","end":"02:38","startHours":25.628454903276214,"endHours":26.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:38","end":"03:38","startHours":26.628454903276214,"endHours":27.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:38","end":"04:38","startHours":27.628454903276214,"endHours":28.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:38","end":"05:38","startHours":28.628454903276214,"endHours":29.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:38","end":"06:38","startHours":29.628454903276214,"endHours":30.628454903276214,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":9.646614430348452,"eotMinutes":-0.8105287209842176,"ayanamsa":23.918}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2061,"vikram_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","saka_samvat":1926,"saka_samvatsara":"Tāraṇa","bengali_samvat":1411,"malayalam_era":1180,"nanakshahi_year":535,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Śukla Trayodaśī · Vikram 2061 Hemalambī · Śaka 1926 Tāraṇa"},"festivals":[{"id":"onam","name":"Onam (Vāmana / King Bali)","name_sanskrit":"ओणम् (वामन-बलि स्मरण)","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Vāmana + King Bali","significance":"Kerala festival; King Bali's annual return to Kerala. Aligned with Thiru-Onam (Śravaṇa nakshatra in Bhādrapada).","vrata":false,"detection":{"nakshatra_name":"Śravaṇa","lunar_month":"Bhādrapada"},"precedence":2},{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5},{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 28, 2004 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 28, 2004 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 06:38, sūryāsta 17:57.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2004-08-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2004-08-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2004-08-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2004-08-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2004-08-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T13:37:15.735Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T13:37:15.735Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T13:37:15.735Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}