{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2002-10-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2002-10-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-10-16","date_display":"October 16, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":10,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452563.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864098.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":177.8767,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":297.8957,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":120.019,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.019},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":297.8957,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.5624},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":115.7724},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":10,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452563.770833,"ahargana":1864098.2708,"kali_year":5104,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.892,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":178.61658599999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":300.999686,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.1352},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":156.29928599999994,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":161.013686,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":110.43588599999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":201.25268600000004,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":65.09338600000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":51.1029,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":231.1029,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":10,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452563.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864098.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":177.8767,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":297.8957,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":120.019,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.019},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":297.8957,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.5624},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":115.7724},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.135,"elongation":120.019},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.135,"opposition_distance":59.981}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:35","sunsetLocal":"18:28","solarNoonLocal":"12:02","dayLengthHours":12.868305608018908,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 52 Mins 06 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 07 Mins 54 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:34","moonsetLocal":"02:48","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:02","end":"13:38","startHours":12.02517117381365,"endHours":13.633709374816014,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:12","end":"08:48","startHours":7.199556570806559,"endHours":8.808094771808921,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:25","end":"12:02","startHours":10.416632972811286,"endHours":12.02517117381365,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:36","end":"09:01","startHours":8.593623011675273,"endHours":9.022566531942571,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:08","end":"06:28","startHours":6.1271977701383165,"endHours":6.4703525863521545,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:36","end":"12:27","startHours":11.596227653546354,"endHours":12.454114694080946,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:53","end":"04:44","startHours":3.875244288735008,"endHours":4.733131329269601,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:31","end":"05:35","startHours":4.518659569135953,"endHours":5.591018369804195,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:10","end":"15:02","startHours":14.169888775150135,"endHours":15.027775815684729,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:16","end":"18:40","startHours":18.259323977823104,"endHours":18.659323977823103,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:28","end":"19:00","startHours":18.459323977823104,"endHours":18.995503378157224,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:13","end":"19:58","startHours":18.209323977823104,"endHours":19.959323977823104,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:36","end":"00:27","startHours":23.596227653546354,"endHours":24.454114694080946,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:35","end":"07:12","startHours":5.591018369804195,"endHours":7.199556570806559,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:12","end":"08:48","startHours":7.199556570806559,"endHours":8.808094771808921,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:48","end":"10:25","startHours":8.808094771808921,"endHours":10.416632972811286,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:25","end":"12:02","startHours":10.416632972811286,"endHours":12.02517117381365,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:02","end":"13:38","startHours":12.02517117381365,"endHours":13.633709374816014,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:38","end":"15:15","startHours":13.633709374816014,"endHours":15.242247575818375,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:15","end":"16:51","startHours":15.242247575818375,"endHours":16.85078577682074,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:51","end":"18:28","startHours":16.85078577682074,"endHours":18.459323977823104,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:28","end":"19:51","startHours":18.459323977823104,"endHours":19.85078577682074,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:51","end":"21:15","startHours":19.85078577682074,"endHours":21.242247575818375,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:15","end":"22:38","startHours":21.242247575818375,"endHours":22.633709374816014,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:38","end":"00:02","startHours":22.633709374816014,"endHours":24.02517117381365,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:02","end":"01:25","startHours":24.02517117381365,"endHours":25.416632972811286,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:25","end":"02:48","startHours":25.416632972811286,"endHours":26.808094771808925,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:48","end":"04:12","startHours":26.808094771808925,"endHours":28.19955657080656,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:12","end":"05:35","startHours":28.19955657080656,"endHours":29.591018369804196,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:35","end":"06:35","startHours":5.591018369804195,"endHours":6.591018369804195,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:35","end":"07:35","startHours":6.591018369804195,"endHours":7.591018369804195,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:35","end":"08:35","startHours":7.591018369804195,"endHours":8.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:35","end":"09:35","startHours":8.591018369804196,"endHours":9.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:35","end":"10:35","startHours":9.591018369804196,"endHours":10.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:35","end":"11:35","startHours":10.591018369804196,"endHours":11.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:35","end":"12:35","startHours":11.591018369804196,"endHours":12.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:35","end":"13:35","startHours":12.591018369804196,"endHours":13.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:35","end":"14:35","startHours":13.591018369804196,"endHours":14.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:35","end":"15:35","startHours":14.591018369804196,"endHours":15.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:35","end":"16:35","startHours":15.591018369804196,"endHours":16.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:35","end":"17:35","startHours":16.591018369804196,"endHours":17.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:35","end":"18:35","startHours":17.591018369804196,"endHours":18.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:35","end":"19:35","startHours":18.591018369804196,"endHours":19.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:35","end":"20:35","startHours":19.591018369804196,"endHours":20.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:35","end":"21:35","startHours":20.591018369804196,"endHours":21.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:35","end":"22:35","startHours":21.591018369804196,"endHours":22.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:35","end":"23:35","startHours":22.591018369804196,"endHours":23.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:35","end":"00:35","startHours":23.591018369804196,"endHours":24.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:35","end":"01:35","startHours":24.591018369804196,"endHours":25.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:35","end":"02:35","startHours":25.591018369804196,"endHours":26.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:35","end":"03:35","startHours":26.591018369804196,"endHours":27.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:35","end":"04:35","startHours":27.591018369804196,"endHours":28.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:35","end":"05:35","startHours":28.591018369804196,"endHours":29.591018369804196,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-8.757959452159092,"eotMinutes":15.04772957118102,"ayanamsa":23.892}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"pashankusha-ekadashi","name":"Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"पाशाङ्कुशा एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Padmanābha (Viṣṇu)","significance":"Confers strength + wealth + son; equivalent to 1000 Aśvamedha-yajñas.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āśvina"},"precedence":4},{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 16, 2002 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 16, 2002 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 05:35, sūryāsta 18:28.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2002-10-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2002-10-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2002-10-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2002-10-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2002-10-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T18:21:23.583Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T18:21:23.583Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T18:21:23.583Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}