{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2002-07-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2002-07-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-07-16","date_display":"July 16, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":7,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452471.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864006.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":89.0346,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":162.2107,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":73.1761,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1761},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1,"moon_longitude":162.2107,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.2107},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":251.2453},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":7,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452471.770833,"ahargana":1864006.2708,"kali_year":5104,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8884,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":89.47550100000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":164.152601,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.3202},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":97.64510100000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":83.46950100000004,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":92.30190099999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":131.86700099999996,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":59.118401000000006,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":55.9775,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":235.9775,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":7,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452471.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864006.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":89.0346,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":162.2107,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":73.1761,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1761},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1,"moon_longitude":162.2107,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.2107},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":251.2453},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.32,"elongation":73.176},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.32,"opposition_distance":106.824}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"07:15","sunsetLocal":"17:30","solarNoonLocal":"12:22","dayLengthHours":10.256897405153223,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 15 Mins 25 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 44 Mins 35 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:10","moonsetLocal":"23:32","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:56","end":"16:13","startHours":14.934903361559588,"endHours":16.217015537203743,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:48","end":"11:05","startHours":9.806454658982977,"endHours":11.08856683462713,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:22","end":"13:39","startHours":12.370679010271282,"endHours":13.652791185915437,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:38","end":"09:59","startHours":9.63550636889709,"endHours":9.977402949068864,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:40","end":"07:57","startHours":7.669601032909388,"endHours":7.943118297046808,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:02","end":"12:43","startHours":12.028782430099508,"endHours":12.712575590443056,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:52","end":"06:34","startHours":5.874643987007574,"endHours":6.558437147351123,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:23","end":"07:15","startHours":6.387488857265236,"endHours":7.242230307694671,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:05","end":"14:46","startHours":14.080161911130153,"endHours":14.763955071473701,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:18","end":"17:42","startHours":17.299127712847895,"endHours":17.699127712847893,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:30","end":"17:56","startHours":17.499127712847894,"endHours":17.926498438062612,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:15","end":"19:00","startHours":17.249127712847894,"endHours":18.999127712847894,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:02","end":"00:43","startHours":24.028782430099508,"endHours":24.712575590443056,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"07:15","end":"08:31","startHours":7.242230307694671,"endHours":8.524342483338824,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:31","end":"09:48","startHours":8.524342483338824,"endHours":9.806454658982977,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:48","end":"11:05","startHours":9.806454658982977,"endHours":11.08856683462713,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:05","end":"12:22","startHours":11.08856683462713,"endHours":12.370679010271282,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:22","end":"13:39","startHours":12.370679010271282,"endHours":13.652791185915437,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:39","end":"14:56","startHours":13.652791185915437,"endHours":14.934903361559588,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:56","end":"16:13","startHours":14.934903361559588,"endHours":16.217015537203743,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:13","end":"17:30","startHours":16.217015537203743,"endHours":17.499127712847894,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:30","end":"19:13","startHours":17.499127712847894,"endHours":19.217015537203743,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:13","end":"20:56","startHours":19.217015537203743,"endHours":20.934903361559588,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:56","end":"22:39","startHours":20.934903361559588,"endHours":22.652791185915437,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:39","end":"00:22","startHours":22.652791185915437,"endHours":24.37067901027128,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:22","end":"02:05","startHours":24.37067901027128,"endHours":26.08856683462713,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:05","end":"03:48","startHours":26.08856683462713,"endHours":27.80645465898298,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:48","end":"05:31","startHours":27.80645465898298,"endHours":29.524342483338824,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:31","end":"07:15","startHours":29.524342483338824,"endHours":31.24223030769467,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:15","end":"08:15","startHours":7.242230307694671,"endHours":8.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:15","end":"09:15","startHours":8.24223030769467,"endHours":9.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:15","end":"10:15","startHours":9.24223030769467,"endHours":10.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:15","end":"11:15","startHours":10.24223030769467,"endHours":11.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:15","end":"12:15","startHours":11.24223030769467,"endHours":12.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:15","end":"13:15","startHours":12.24223030769467,"endHours":13.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:15","end":"14:15","startHours":13.24223030769467,"endHours":14.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:15","end":"15:15","startHours":14.24223030769467,"endHours":15.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:15","end":"16:15","startHours":15.24223030769467,"endHours":16.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:15","end":"17:15","startHours":16.24223030769467,"endHours":17.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:15","end":"18:15","startHours":17.24223030769467,"endHours":18.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:15","end":"19:15","startHours":18.24223030769467,"endHours":19.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:15","end":"20:15","startHours":19.24223030769467,"endHours":20.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:15","end":"21:15","startHours":20.24223030769467,"endHours":21.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:15","end":"22:15","startHours":21.24223030769467,"endHours":22.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:15","end":"23:15","startHours":22.24223030769467,"endHours":23.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:15","end":"00:15","startHours":23.24223030769467,"endHours":24.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:15","end":"01:15","startHours":24.24223030769467,"endHours":25.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:15","end":"02:15","startHours":25.24223030769467,"endHours":26.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:15","end":"03:15","startHours":26.24223030769467,"endHours":27.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:15","end":"04:15","startHours":27.24223030769467,"endHours":28.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:15","end":"05:15","startHours":28.24223030769467,"endHours":29.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:15","end":"06:15","startHours":29.24223030769467,"endHours":30.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:15","end":"07:15","startHours":30.24223030769467,"endHours":31.24223030769467,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":21.414983576443223,"eotMinutes":-5.682740616276977,"ayanamsa":23.8884}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"mithuna-sankranti","name":"Mithuna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मिथुन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Gemini.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mithuna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 16, 2002 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 16, 2002 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 07:15, sūryāsta 17:30.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2002-07-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2002-07-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2002-07-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2002-07-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2002-07-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T16:29:29.395Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T16:29:29.395Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T16:29:29.395Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}