{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2002-03-03:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2002-03-03","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-03-03","date_display":"March 3, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":3,"day":3,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452336.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863871.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":318.5563,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":186.799,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":228.2427,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2427},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":186.799,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.1323},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":145.3552},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":3,"day":3,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452336.770833,"ahargana":1863871.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8833,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":318.40275900000006,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":189.88255900000001,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.744},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":7.131159000000025,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":293.42225899999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":71.65015900000003,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":329.83935900000006,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":44.548159,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":63.1305,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":243.1305,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":3,"day":3,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452336.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863871.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":318.5563,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":186.799,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":228.2427,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2427},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":186.799,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.1323},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":145.3552},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.744,"elongation":131.757},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.744,"opposition_distance":48.243}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:08","sunsetLocal":"18:51","solarNoonLocal":"12:29","dayLengthHours":12.71374624792685,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 42 Mins 49 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 17 Mins 11 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:20","moonsetLocal":"10:30","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:15","end":"18:51","startHours":17.254531176241912,"endHours":18.843749457232768,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:29","end":"14:05","startHours":12.486876333269343,"endHours":14.0760946142602,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:40","end":"17:15","startHours":15.665312895251056,"endHours":17.254531176241912,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:06","end":"09:31","startHours":9.096544000488851,"endHours":9.520335542086412,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:40","end":"07:00","startHours":6.659742636302871,"endHours":6.99877586958092,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:04","end":"12:55","startHours":12.063084791671782,"endHours":12.910667874866904,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:26","end":"05:17","startHours":4.434837042915673,"endHours":5.282420126110797,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:04","end":"06:08","startHours":5.070524355312015,"endHours":6.13000320930592,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:36","end":"15:27","startHours":14.605834041257154,"endHours":15.453417124452278,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:39","end":"19:03","startHours":18.64374945723277,"endHours":19.043749457232767,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:51","end":"19:22","startHours":18.843749457232768,"endHours":19.37348888422972,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:36","end":"20:21","startHours":18.593749457232768,"endHours":20.343749457232768,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:04","end":"00:55","startHours":24.06308479167178,"endHours":24.910667874866906,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:08","end":"07:43","startHours":6.13000320930592,"endHours":7.719221490296776,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:43","end":"09:19","startHours":7.719221490296776,"endHours":9.308439771287631,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:19","end":"10:54","startHours":9.308439771287631,"endHours":10.897658052278487,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:54","end":"12:29","startHours":10.897658052278487,"endHours":12.486876333269343,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:29","end":"14:05","startHours":12.486876333269343,"endHours":14.0760946142602,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:05","end":"15:40","startHours":14.0760946142602,"endHours":15.665312895251056,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:40","end":"17:15","startHours":15.665312895251056,"endHours":17.254531176241912,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:15","end":"18:51","startHours":17.254531176241912,"endHours":18.843749457232768,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:51","end":"20:15","startHours":18.843749457232768,"endHours":20.254531176241912,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:15","end":"21:40","startHours":20.254531176241912,"endHours":21.665312895251056,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:40","end":"23:05","startHours":21.665312895251056,"endHours":23.0760946142602,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:05","end":"00:29","startHours":23.0760946142602,"endHours":24.486876333269343,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:29","end":"01:54","startHours":24.486876333269343,"endHours":25.897658052278487,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:54","end":"03:19","startHours":25.897658052278487,"endHours":27.30843977128763,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:19","end":"04:43","startHours":27.30843977128763,"endHours":28.719221490296775,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:43","end":"06:08","startHours":28.719221490296775,"endHours":30.13000320930592,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:08","end":"07:08","startHours":6.13000320930592,"endHours":7.13000320930592,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:08","end":"08:08","startHours":7.13000320930592,"endHours":8.130003209305919,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:08","end":"09:08","startHours":8.130003209305919,"endHours":9.130003209305919,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:08","end":"10:08","startHours":9.130003209305919,"endHours":10.130003209305919,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:08","end":"11:08","startHours":10.130003209305919,"endHours":11.130003209305919,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:08","end":"12:08","startHours":11.130003209305919,"endHours":12.130003209305919,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:08","end":"13:08","startHours":12.130003209305919,"endHours":13.130003209305919,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:08","end":"14:08","startHours":13.130003209305919,"endHours":14.130003209305919,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:08","end":"15:08","startHours":14.130003209305919,"endHours":15.130003209305919,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:08","end":"16:08","startHours":15.130003209305919,"endHours":16.13000320930592,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:08","end":"17:08","startHours":16.13000320930592,"endHours":17.13000320930592,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:08","end":"18:08","startHours":17.13000320930592,"endHours":18.13000320930592,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:08","end":"19:08","startHours":18.13000320930592,"endHours":19.13000320930592,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:08","end":"20:08","startHours":19.13000320930592,"endHours":20.13000320930592,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:08","end":"21:08","startHours":20.13000320930592,"endHours":21.13000320930592,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:08","end":"22:08","startHours":21.13000320930592,"endHours":22.13000320930592,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:08","end":"23:08","startHours":22.13000320930592,"endHours":23.13000320930592,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:08","end":"00:08","startHours":23.13000320930592,"endHours":24.13000320930592,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:08","end":"01:08","startHours":24.13000320930592,"endHours":25.13000320930592,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:08","end":"02:08","startHours":25.13000320930592,"endHours":26.13000320930592,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:08","end":"03:08","startHours":26.13000320930592,"endHours":27.13000320930592,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:08","end":"04:08","startHours":27.13000320930592,"endHours":28.13000320930592,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:08","end":"05:08","startHours":28.13000320930592,"endHours":29.13000320930592,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:08","end":"06:08","startHours":29.13000320930592,"endHours":30.13000320930592,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-6.950742882107685,"eotMinutes":-12.654579996160596,"ayanamsa":23.8833}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 3, 2002 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 3, 2002 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:08, sūryāsta 18:51.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2002-03-03","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2002-03-03","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2002-03-03","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2002-03-03","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2002-03-03"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T11:06:07.286Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T11:06:07.286Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T11:06:07.286Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}