{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:2001-03-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2001-03-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-03-18","date_display":"March 18, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":3,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451986.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863521.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":333.819,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":254.5648,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":280.7458,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.7458},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":254.5648,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.2314},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":228.3837},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":3,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451986.770833,"ahargana":1863521.2708,"kali_year":5102,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8699,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":333.642831,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":256.59233100000006,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.5565},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":231.17393100000004,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":307.13723099999993,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":41.436330999999996,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":352.28493100000003,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":32.52113099999997,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":81.6752,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":261.6752,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":3,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451986.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863521.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":333.819,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":254.5648,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":280.7458,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.7458},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":254.5648,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.2314},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":228.3837},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.556,"elongation":79.254},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.556,"opposition_distance":100.746}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:19","sunsetLocal":"18:32","solarNoonLocal":"12:25","dayLengthHours":12.213189148198936,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 12 Mins 47 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 47 Mins 13 Secs","moonriseLocal":"00:13","moonsetLocal":"14:22","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:00","end":"18:32","startHours":17.001977497899816,"endHours":18.528626141424684,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:25","end":"13:57","startHours":12.422031567325217,"endHours":13.948680210850082,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:29","end":"17:00","startHours":15.47532885437495,"endHours":17.001977497899816,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:10","end":"09:34","startHours":9.1651811278055,"endHours":9.572287432745464,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:49","end":"07:09","startHours":6.824319874400704,"endHours":7.150004918352676,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:01","end":"12:50","startHours":12.014925262385253,"endHours":12.82913787226518,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:41","end":"05:30","startHours":4.68701177346589,"endHours":5.501224383345819,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:18","end":"06:19","startHours":5.297671230875837,"endHours":6.315436993225748,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:27","end":"15:16","startHours":14.457563092025037,"endHours":15.271775701904966,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:20","end":"18:44","startHours":18.328626141424685,"endHours":18.728626141424684,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:32","end":"19:02","startHours":18.528626141424684,"endHours":19.03750902259964,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:17","end":"20:02","startHours":18.278626141424684,"endHours":20.028626141424684,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:01","end":"00:50","startHours":24.01492526238525,"endHours":24.829137872265182,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:19","end":"07:51","startHours":6.315436993225748,"endHours":7.842085636750615,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:51","end":"09:22","startHours":7.842085636750615,"endHours":9.368734280275483,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:22","end":"10:54","startHours":9.368734280275483,"endHours":10.895382923800348,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:54","end":"12:25","startHours":10.895382923800348,"endHours":12.422031567325217,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:25","end":"13:57","startHours":12.422031567325217,"endHours":13.948680210850082,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:57","end":"15:29","startHours":13.948680210850082,"endHours":15.47532885437495,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:29","end":"17:00","startHours":15.47532885437495,"endHours":17.001977497899816,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:00","end":"18:32","startHours":17.001977497899816,"endHours":18.528626141424684,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:32","end":"20:00","startHours":18.528626141424684,"endHours":20.001977497899816,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:00","end":"21:29","startHours":20.001977497899816,"endHours":21.47532885437495,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:29","end":"22:57","startHours":21.47532885437495,"endHours":22.948680210850085,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:57","end":"00:25","startHours":22.948680210850085,"endHours":24.422031567325217,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:25","end":"01:54","startHours":24.422031567325217,"endHours":25.895382923800348,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:54","end":"03:22","startHours":25.895382923800348,"endHours":27.368734280275483,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:22","end":"04:51","startHours":27.368734280275483,"endHours":28.842085636750618,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:51","end":"06:19","startHours":28.842085636750618,"endHours":30.31543699322575,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":6.315436993225748,"endHours":7.315436993225748,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.315436993225748,"endHours":8.315436993225749,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.315436993225749,"endHours":9.315436993225749,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.315436993225749,"endHours":10.315436993225749,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.315436993225749,"endHours":11.315436993225749,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.315436993225749,"endHours":12.315436993225749,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.315436993225749,"endHours":13.315436993225749,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.315436993225749,"endHours":14.315436993225749,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.315436993225749,"endHours":15.315436993225749,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.315436993225749,"endHours":16.31543699322575,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.31543699322575,"endHours":17.31543699322575,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.31543699322575,"endHours":18.31543699322575,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.31543699322575,"endHours":19.31543699322575,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.31543699322575,"endHours":20.31543699322575,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.31543699322575,"endHours":21.31543699322575,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.31543699322575,"endHours":22.31543699322575,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.31543699322575,"endHours":23.31543699322575,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.31543699322575,"endHours":24.31543699322575,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.31543699322575,"endHours":25.31543699322575,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.31543699322575,"endHours":26.31543699322575,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.31543699322575,"endHours":27.31543699322575,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.31543699322575,"endHours":28.31543699322575,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":28.31543699322575,"endHours":29.31543699322575,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":29.31543699322575,"endHours":30.31543699322575,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śubha","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-0.9890060475240178,"eotMinutes":-8.763894039513033,"ayanamsa":23.8699}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"mina-sankranti","name":"Mīna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मीन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Pisces; Mīna-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mīna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 18, 2001 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 18, 2001 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 06:19, sūryāsta 18:32.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2001-03-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2001-03-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2001-03-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2001-03-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/2001-03-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T20:55:53.173Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T20:55:53.173Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T20:55:53.173Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}