{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:1998-09-08:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1998-09-08","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1998-09-08","date_display":"September 8, 1998 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":9,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451064.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862599.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":140.6618,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":340.3115,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":199.6497,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.6497},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":340.3115,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.9782},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":120.9733},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":33,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1998,"month":9,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451064.770833,"ahargana":1862599.2708,"kali_year":5100,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8346,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":141.36755900000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":342.993759,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.2336},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":107.83975900000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":126.174059,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":330.29135900000006,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":127.75235900000001,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":9.266359000000023,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":130.5272,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":310.5272,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":9,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451064.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862599.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":140.6618,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":340.3115,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":199.6497,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.6497},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":340.3115,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.9782},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":120.9733},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":33,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.234,"elongation":160.35},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.234,"opposition_distance":19.65}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-17,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.467,"elongation":1.174}]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:24","sunsetLocal":"18:03","solarNoonLocal":"12:14","dayLengthHours":11.644930708455856,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 38 Mins 42 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 21 Mins 18 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:44","moonsetLocal":"07:36","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:08","end":"16:36","startHours":15.138559933452814,"endHours":16.594176272009797,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:19","end":"10:46","startHours":9.316094579224888,"endHours":10.771710917781869,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:14","end":"13:41","startHours":12.227327256338851,"endHours":13.682943594895834,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:07","end":"09:31","startHours":9.122012400750624,"endHours":9.510176757699151,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:53","end":"07:12","startHours":6.890067348296584,"endHours":7.200598833855406,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:50","end":"12:37","startHours":11.839162899390322,"endHours":12.61549161328738,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:51","end":"05:38","startHours":4.852204474316809,"endHours":5.628533188213866,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:26","end":"06:24","startHours":5.434451009739602,"endHours":6.404861902110923,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:10","end":"14:57","startHours":14.168149041081493,"endHours":14.94447775497855,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:51","end":"18:15","startHours":17.84979261056678,"endHours":18.24979261056678,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:03","end":"18:32","startHours":18.04979261056678,"endHours":18.53499805675244,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:48","end":"19:33","startHours":17.79979261056678,"endHours":19.54979261056678,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:50","end":"00:37","startHours":23.839162899390324,"endHours":24.615491613287382,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:24","end":"07:52","startHours":6.404861902110923,"endHours":7.860478240667906,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:52","end":"09:19","startHours":7.860478240667906,"endHours":9.316094579224888,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:19","end":"10:46","startHours":9.316094579224888,"endHours":10.771710917781869,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:46","end":"12:14","startHours":10.771710917781869,"endHours":12.227327256338851,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:14","end":"13:41","startHours":12.227327256338851,"endHours":13.682943594895834,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:41","end":"15:08","startHours":13.682943594895834,"endHours":15.138559933452814,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:08","end":"16:36","startHours":15.138559933452814,"endHours":16.594176272009797,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:36","end":"18:03","startHours":16.594176272009797,"endHours":18.04979261056678,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:03","end":"19:36","startHours":18.04979261056678,"endHours":19.594176272009797,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:36","end":"21:08","startHours":19.594176272009797,"endHours":21.138559933452814,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:08","end":"22:41","startHours":21.138559933452814,"endHours":22.682943594895832,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:41","end":"00:14","startHours":22.682943594895832,"endHours":24.227327256338853,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:14","end":"01:46","startHours":24.227327256338853,"endHours":25.771710917781867,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:46","end":"03:19","startHours":25.771710917781867,"endHours":27.316094579224888,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:19","end":"04:52","startHours":27.316094579224888,"endHours":28.860478240667906,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:52","end":"06:24","startHours":28.860478240667906,"endHours":30.404861902110923,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:24","end":"07:24","startHours":6.404861902110923,"endHours":7.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:24","end":"08:24","startHours":7.404861902110923,"endHours":8.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:24","end":"09:24","startHours":8.404861902110923,"endHours":9.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:24","end":"10:24","startHours":9.404861902110923,"endHours":10.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:24","end":"11:24","startHours":10.404861902110923,"endHours":11.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:24","end":"12:24","startHours":11.404861902110923,"endHours":12.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:24","end":"13:24","startHours":12.404861902110923,"endHours":13.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:24","end":"14:24","startHours":13.404861902110923,"endHours":14.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:24","end":"15:24","startHours":14.404861902110923,"endHours":15.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:24","end":"16:24","startHours":15.404861902110923,"endHours":16.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:24","end":"17:24","startHours":16.404861902110923,"endHours":17.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:24","end":"18:24","startHours":17.404861902110923,"endHours":18.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:24","end":"19:24","startHours":18.404861902110923,"endHours":19.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:24","end":"20:24","startHours":19.404861902110923,"endHours":20.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:24","end":"21:24","startHours":20.404861902110923,"endHours":21.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:24","end":"22:24","startHours":21.404861902110923,"endHours":22.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:24","end":"23:24","startHours":22.404861902110923,"endHours":23.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:24","end":"00:24","startHours":23.404861902110923,"endHours":24.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:24","end":"01:24","startHours":24.404861902110923,"endHours":25.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:24","end":"02:24","startHours":25.404861902110923,"endHours":26.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:24","end":"03:24","startHours":26.404861902110923,"endHours":27.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:24","end":"04:24","startHours":27.404861902110923,"endHours":28.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:24","end":"05:24","startHours":28.404861902110923,"endHours":29.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:24","end":"06:24","startHours":29.404861902110923,"endHours":30.404861902110923,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvānkṣa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":5.830424943851109,"eotMinutes":2.918364619668906,"ayanamsa":23.8346}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2055,"vikram_samvatsara":"Khara","saka_samvat":1920,"saka_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","bengali_samvat":1405,"malayalam_era":1174,"nanakshahi_year":529,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2055 Khara · Śaka 1920 Bahudhānya"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 8, 1998 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 8, 1998 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 06:24, sūryāsta 18:03.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1998-09-08","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1998-09-08","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1998-09-08","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1998-09-08","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1998-09-08"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T19:40:17.167Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T19:40:17.167Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T19:40:17.167Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}