{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:1990-03-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1990-03-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1990-03-01","date_display":"March 1, 1990 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1990,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2447951.770833,"kali_year":5091,"ahargana":1859486.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.6499,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":3.7538,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":47.1039,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.1039},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":3.7538,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.7538},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":320.4037},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":7,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1990,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2447951.770833,"ahargana":1859486.2708,"kali_year":5091,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.7156,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.474098,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.876897999999983,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.1801},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":268.590598,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":301.997698,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":67.262498,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":274.5132980000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":268.17289800000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":295.4689,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":115.4689,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1990,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2447951.770833,"kali_year":5091,"ahargana":1859486.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.6499,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":3.7538,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":47.1039,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.1039},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":3.7538,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.7538},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":320.4037},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":7,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.18,"elongation":47.104},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.18,"opposition_distance":132.896}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:06","sunsetLocal":"18:53","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":12.781600551908511,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 46 Mins 54 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 13 Mins 06 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:13","moonsetLocal":"21:21","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:05","end":"15:41","startHours":14.091052404940474,"endHours":15.68875247392904,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:06","end":"07:42","startHours":6.102552059997655,"endHours":7.700252128986219,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:18","end":"10:54","startHours":9.297952197974784,"endHours":10.895652266963346,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:05","end":"09:31","startHours":9.084925522109641,"endHours":9.510978873839925,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:38","end":"06:59","startHours":6.63511874966051,"endHours":6.975961431044737,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:04","end":"12:55","startHours":12.067298984221628,"endHours":12.919405687682195,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:24","end":"05:15","startHours":4.39833865307652,"endHours":5.250445356537088,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:02","end":"06:06","startHours":5.037418680671946,"endHours":6.102552059997655,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:29","startHours":14.623619094603328,"endHours":15.475725798063895,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:41","end":"19:05","startHours":18.684152611906168,"endHours":19.084152611906166,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:53","end":"19:25","startHours":18.884152611906167,"endHours":19.41671930156902,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:38","end":"20:23","startHours":18.634152611906167,"endHours":20.384152611906167,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:04","end":"00:55","startHours":24.067298984221626,"endHours":24.919405687682197,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:06","end":"07:42","startHours":6.102552059997655,"endHours":7.700252128986219,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:42","end":"09:18","startHours":7.700252128986219,"endHours":9.297952197974784,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:18","end":"10:54","startHours":9.297952197974784,"endHours":10.895652266963346,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:54","end":"12:30","startHours":10.895652266963346,"endHours":12.493352335951911,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:30","end":"14:05","startHours":12.493352335951911,"endHours":14.091052404940474,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:05","end":"15:41","startHours":14.091052404940474,"endHours":15.68875247392904,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:41","end":"17:17","startHours":15.68875247392904,"endHours":17.2864525429176,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:17","end":"18:53","startHours":17.2864525429176,"endHours":18.884152611906167,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:53","end":"20:17","startHours":18.884152611906167,"endHours":20.2864525429176,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:17","end":"21:41","startHours":20.2864525429176,"endHours":21.68875247392904,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:41","end":"23:05","startHours":21.68875247392904,"endHours":23.091052404940477,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:05","end":"00:30","startHours":23.091052404940477,"endHours":24.49335233595191,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:30","end":"01:54","startHours":24.49335233595191,"endHours":25.895652266963346,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:54","end":"03:18","startHours":25.895652266963346,"endHours":27.297952197974784,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:18","end":"04:42","startHours":27.297952197974784,"endHours":28.70025212898622,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:42","end":"06:06","startHours":28.70025212898622,"endHours":30.102552059997656,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":6.102552059997655,"endHours":7.102552059997655,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.102552059997655,"endHours":8.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.102552059997656,"endHours":9.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.102552059997656,"endHours":10.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.102552059997656,"endHours":11.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.102552059997656,"endHours":12.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.102552059997656,"endHours":13.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.102552059997656,"endHours":14.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.102552059997656,"endHours":15.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.102552059997656,"endHours":16.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.102552059997656,"endHours":17.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.102552059997656,"endHours":18.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.102552059997656,"endHours":19.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.102552059997656,"endHours":20.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.102552059997656,"endHours":21.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.102552059997656,"endHours":22.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.102552059997656,"endHours":23.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.102552059997656,"endHours":24.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.102552059997656,"endHours":25.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.102552059997656,"endHours":26.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.102552059997656,"endHours":27.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.102552059997656,"endHours":28.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.102552059997656,"endHours":29.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.102552059997656,"endHours":30.102552059997656,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-7.746728347044627,"eotMinutes":-13.043140157114735,"ayanamsa":23.7156}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2047,"vikram_samvatsara":"Subhānu","saka_samvat":1912,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramoda","bengali_samvat":1397,"malayalam_era":1166,"nanakshahi_year":521,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Śukla Caturthī · Vikram 2047 Subhānu · Śaka 1912 Pramoda"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5},{"id":"vinayaka-chaturthi","name":"Vināyaka Caturthī (monthly)","name_sanskrit":"विनायक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Śukla-pakṣa Caturthī; auspicious for new ventures.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":4,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 1, 1990 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 1, 1990 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Caturthī, sūryodaya 06:06, sūryāsta 18:53.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1990-03-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1990-03-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1990-03-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1990-03-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1990-03-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T09:24:40.608Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T09:24:40.608Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T09:24:40.608Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}