{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:1981-10-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1981-10-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1981-10-28","date_display":"October 28, 1981 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":10,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444905.770833,"kali_year":5083,"ahargana":1856440.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":190.282,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":194.0027,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":3.7207,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.7207},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":194.0027,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.336},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":24.2847},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":0,"name":"Kiṃstughna"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1981,"month":10,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444905.770833,"ahargana":1856440.2708,"kali_year":5083,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5991,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":190.936778,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":193.15937800000006,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.465},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":130.68827800000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":175.00507800000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":180.52717800000005,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":237.74987800000008,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":171.581678,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":96.8606,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":276.8606,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":10,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444905.770833,"kali_year":5083,"ahargana":1856440.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":190.282,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":194.0027,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":3.7207,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.7207},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":194.0027,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.336},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":24.2847},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":0,"name":"Kiṃstughna"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.465,"elongation":3.721},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.465,"opposition_distance":176.279}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:23","sunsetLocal":"18:37","solarNoonLocal":"12:00","dayLengthHours":13.24253179466529,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 14 Mins 33 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 45 Mins 27 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:31","moonsetLocal":"18:47","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:00","end":"13:39","startHours":12.00257340434181,"endHours":13.657889878674972,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:02","end":"08:42","startHours":7.036623981342327,"endHours":8.69194045567549,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:21","end":"12:00","startHours":10.34725693000865,"endHours":12.00257340434181,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:28","end":"08:55","startHours":8.471231592431067,"endHours":8.91264931891991,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:56","end":"06:17","startHours":5.93307966512022,"endHours":6.286213846311294,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:34","end":"12:27","startHours":11.561155677852966,"endHours":12.443991130830653,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:37","end":"04:30","startHours":3.6156366010537937,"endHours":4.49847205403148,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:17","end":"05:23","startHours":4.277763190787058,"endHours":5.381307507009166,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:13","end":"15:06","startHours":14.209662036786025,"endHours":15.09249748976371,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:25","end":"18:49","startHours":18.423839301674455,"endHours":18.823839301674454,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:37","end":"19:11","startHours":18.623839301674455,"endHours":19.175611459785507,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:22","end":"20:07","startHours":18.373839301674455,"endHours":20.123839301674455,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:34","end":"00:27","startHours":23.561155677852966,"endHours":24.443991130830653,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:23","end":"07:02","startHours":5.381307507009166,"endHours":7.036623981342327,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:02","end":"08:42","startHours":7.036623981342327,"endHours":8.69194045567549,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:42","end":"10:21","startHours":8.69194045567549,"endHours":10.34725693000865,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:21","end":"12:00","startHours":10.34725693000865,"endHours":12.00257340434181,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:00","end":"13:39","startHours":12.00257340434181,"endHours":13.657889878674972,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:39","end":"15:19","startHours":13.657889878674972,"endHours":15.313206353008134,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:19","end":"16:58","startHours":15.313206353008134,"endHours":16.968522827341292,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:58","end":"18:37","startHours":16.968522827341292,"endHours":18.623839301674455,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:37","end":"19:58","startHours":18.623839301674455,"endHours":19.968522827341292,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:58","end":"21:19","startHours":19.968522827341292,"endHours":21.313206353008134,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:19","end":"22:39","startHours":21.313206353008134,"endHours":22.657889878674972,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:39","end":"00:00","startHours":22.657889878674972,"endHours":24.00257340434181,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:00","end":"01:21","startHours":24.00257340434181,"endHours":25.347256930008648,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:21","end":"02:42","startHours":25.347256930008648,"endHours":26.691940455675486,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:42","end":"04:02","startHours":26.691940455675486,"endHours":28.036623981342327,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:02","end":"05:23","startHours":28.036623981342327,"endHours":29.381307507009165,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:23","end":"06:23","startHours":5.381307507009166,"endHours":6.381307507009166,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:23","end":"07:23","startHours":6.381307507009166,"endHours":7.381307507009166,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:23","end":"08:23","startHours":7.381307507009166,"endHours":8.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:23","end":"09:23","startHours":8.381307507009165,"endHours":9.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:23","end":"10:23","startHours":9.381307507009165,"endHours":10.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:23","end":"11:23","startHours":10.381307507009165,"endHours":11.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:23","end":"12:23","startHours":11.381307507009165,"endHours":12.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:23","end":"13:23","startHours":12.381307507009165,"endHours":13.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:23","end":"14:23","startHours":13.381307507009165,"endHours":14.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:23","end":"15:23","startHours":14.381307507009165,"endHours":15.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:23","end":"16:23","startHours":15.381307507009165,"endHours":16.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:23","end":"17:23","startHours":16.381307507009165,"endHours":17.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:23","end":"18:23","startHours":17.381307507009165,"endHours":18.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:23","end":"19:23","startHours":18.381307507009165,"endHours":19.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:23","end":"20:23","startHours":19.381307507009165,"endHours":20.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:23","end":"21:23","startHours":20.381307507009165,"endHours":21.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:23","end":"22:23","startHours":21.381307507009165,"endHours":22.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:23","end":"23:23","startHours":22.381307507009165,"endHours":23.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:23","end":"00:23","startHours":23.381307507009165,"endHours":24.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:23","end":"01:23","startHours":24.381307507009165,"endHours":25.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:23","end":"02:23","startHours":25.381307507009165,"endHours":26.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:23","end":"03:23","startHours":26.381307507009165,"endHours":27.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:23","end":"04:23","startHours":27.381307507009165,"endHours":28.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:23","end":"05:23","startHours":28.381307507009165,"endHours":29.381307507009165,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-13.031302844379441,"eotMinutes":16.40359573949132,"ayanamsa":23.5991}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2038,"vikram_samvatsara":"Bhāva","saka_samvat":1903,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmati","bengali_samvat":1388,"malayalam_era":1157,"nanakshahi_year":512,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Śukla Pratipada · Vikram 2038 Bhāva · Śaka 1903 Durmati"},"festivals":[{"id":"govardhana-puja","name":"Govardhana Pūjā (Annakūṭa)","name_sanskrit":"गोवर्धन पूजा","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Krishna (Govardhana-dhārī)","significance":"Krishna lifted Govardhana to protect Vraja from Indra's wrath. Day 4 of Diwali.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":1,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Kārtika"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Bhāgavata 10.24-27"]},{"id":"tula-sankranti","name":"Tulā Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"तुला सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Libra.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Tulā"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 28, 1981 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 28, 1981 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Pratipada, sūryodaya 05:23, sūryāsta 18:37.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1981-10-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1981-10-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1981-10-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1981-10-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1981-10-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T09:58:19.552Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T09:58:19.552Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-18T09:58:19.552Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}