{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:1981-03-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1981-03-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1981-03-01","date_display":"March 1, 1981 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444664.770833,"kali_year":5082,"ahargana":1856199.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.9809,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":250.5865,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":293.6057,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.6057},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4,"moon_longitude":250.5865,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.5865},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":207.5674},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":48,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1981,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444664.770833,"ahargana":1856199.2708,"kali_year":5082,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5899,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.78298599999994,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":249.08198600000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.8328},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":324.119286,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":296.62168599999995,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":164.98058600000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":307.703886,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":164.550386,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":109.63,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":289.63,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444664.770833,"kali_year":5082,"ahargana":1856199.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.9809,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":250.5865,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":293.6057,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.6057},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4,"moon_longitude":250.5865,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.5865},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":207.5674},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":48,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.833,"elongation":66.394},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.833,"opposition_distance":113.606}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:06","sunsetLocal":"18:53","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":12.775687210399484,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 46 Mins 32 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 13 Mins 28 Secs","moonriseLocal":"00:53","moonsetLocal":"15:05","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:17","end":"18:53","startHours":17.284235039851715,"endHours":18.881195941151653,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:30","end":"14:05","startHours":12.493352335951911,"endHours":14.090313237251845,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:41","end":"17:17","startHours":15.687274138551782,"endHours":17.284235039851715,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:05","end":"09:31","startHours":9.086502413178714,"endHours":9.512358653525364,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:38","end":"06:59","startHours":6.637829031185481,"endHours":6.9785140234628,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:04","end":"12:55","startHours":12.067496095605263,"endHours":12.91920857629856,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:24","end":"05:15","startHours":4.4020837693655706,"endHours":5.253796250058869,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:02","end":"06:06","startHours":5.040868129885545,"endHours":6.1055087307521685,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:28","startHours":14.622633537685159,"endHours":15.474346018378458,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:41","end":"19:05","startHours":18.681195941151653,"endHours":19.081195941151652,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:53","end":"19:25","startHours":18.881195941151653,"endHours":19.413516241584965,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:38","end":"20:23","startHours":18.631195941151653,"endHours":20.381195941151653,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:04","end":"00:55","startHours":24.06749609560526,"endHours":24.919208576298562,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:06","end":"07:42","startHours":6.1055087307521685,"endHours":7.702469632052104,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:42","end":"09:18","startHours":7.702469632052104,"endHours":9.299430533352039,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:18","end":"10:54","startHours":9.299430533352039,"endHours":10.896391434651974,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:54","end":"12:30","startHours":10.896391434651974,"endHours":12.493352335951911,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:30","end":"14:05","startHours":12.493352335951911,"endHours":14.090313237251845,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:05","end":"15:41","startHours":14.090313237251845,"endHours":15.687274138551782,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:41","end":"17:17","startHours":15.687274138551782,"endHours":17.284235039851715,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:17","end":"18:53","startHours":17.284235039851715,"endHours":18.881195941151653,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:53","end":"20:17","startHours":18.881195941151653,"endHours":20.284235039851715,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:17","end":"21:41","startHours":20.284235039851715,"endHours":21.687274138551782,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:41","end":"23:05","startHours":21.687274138551782,"endHours":23.090313237251845,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:05","end":"00:30","startHours":23.090313237251845,"endHours":24.49335233595191,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:30","end":"01:54","startHours":24.49335233595191,"endHours":25.896391434651974,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:54","end":"03:18","startHours":25.896391434651974,"endHours":27.299430533352037,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:18","end":"04:42","startHours":27.299430533352037,"endHours":28.702469632052104,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:42","end":"06:06","startHours":28.702469632052104,"endHours":30.10550873075217,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":6.1055087307521685,"endHours":7.1055087307521685,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.1055087307521685,"endHours":8.105508730752168,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.105508730752168,"endHours":9.105508730752168,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.105508730752168,"endHours":10.105508730752168,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.105508730752168,"endHours":11.105508730752168,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.105508730752168,"endHours":12.105508730752168,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.105508730752168,"endHours":13.105508730752168,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.105508730752168,"endHours":14.105508730752168,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.105508730752168,"endHours":15.105508730752168,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.105508730752168,"endHours":16.10550873075217,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.10550873075217,"endHours":17.10550873075217,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.10550873075217,"endHours":18.10550873075217,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.10550873075217,"endHours":19.10550873075217,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.10550873075217,"endHours":20.10550873075217,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.10550873075217,"endHours":21.10550873075217,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.10550873075217,"endHours":22.10550873075217,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.10550873075217,"endHours":23.10550873075217,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.10550873075217,"endHours":24.10550873075217,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.10550873075217,"endHours":25.10550873075217,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.10550873075217,"endHours":26.10550873075217,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.10550873075217,"endHours":27.10550873075217,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.10550873075217,"endHours":28.10550873075217,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.10550873075217,"endHours":29.10550873075217,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.10550873075217,"endHours":30.10550873075217,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-7.677514979735213,"eotMinutes":-13.043140157114735,"ayanamsa":23.5899}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2038,"vikram_samvatsara":"Bhāva","saka_samvat":1903,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmati","bengali_samvat":1388,"malayalam_era":1157,"nanakshahi_year":512,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Daśamī · Vikram 2038 Bhāva · Śaka 1903 Durmati"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 1, 1981 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 1, 1981 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Daśamī, sūryodaya 06:06, sūryāsta 18:53.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1981-03-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1981-03-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1981-03-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1981-03-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1981-03-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T12:59:47.624Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T12:59:47.624Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-18T12:59:47.624Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}