{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:1978-08-23:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1978-08-23","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1978-08-23","date_display":"August 23, 1978 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":8,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443743.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855278.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":125.416,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.095,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":239.679,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.679},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":5.095,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.095},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":130.5111},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1978,"month":8,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443743.770833,"ahargana":1855278.2708,"kali_year":5080,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5546,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":126.01457499999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":6.886975000000007,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.0179},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":168.44167500000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":119.05217499999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":93.52547500000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":172.27927499999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":129.68987500000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":158.429,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":338.429,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":8,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443743.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855278.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":125.416,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.095,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":239.679,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.679},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":5.095,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.095},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":130.5111},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.018,"elongation":120.321},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.018,"opposition_distance":59.679}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:44","sunsetLocal":"17:53","solarNoonLocal":"12:19","dayLengthHours":11.151995331058764,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 09 Mins 07 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 50 Mins 53 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:49","moonsetLocal":"09:56","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:19","end":"13:42","startHours":12.313776195263728,"endHours":13.707775611646072,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:08","end":"09:32","startHours":8.13177794611669,"endHours":9.525777362499035,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:55","end":"12:19","startHours":10.919776778881381,"endHours":12.313776195263728,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:20","end":"09:43","startHours":9.339910773648057,"endHours":9.711643951350016,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:12","end":"07:30","startHours":7.202445001861793,"endHours":7.49983154402336,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:57","end":"12:41","startHours":11.942043017561769,"endHours":12.685509372965686,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:15","end":"06:00","startHours":5.25084581892651,"endHours":5.994312174330427,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:49","end":"06:44","startHours":5.808445585479448,"endHours":6.737778529734345,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:10","end":"14:55","startHours":14.172442083773522,"endHours":14.91590843917744,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:41","end":"18:05","startHours":17.68977386079311,"endHours":18.08977386079311,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:53","end":"18:21","startHours":17.88977386079311,"endHours":18.354440332920557,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:38","end":"19:23","startHours":17.63977386079311,"endHours":19.38977386079311,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:57","end":"00:41","startHours":23.94204301756177,"endHours":24.685509372965686,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:44","end":"08:08","startHours":6.737778529734345,"endHours":8.13177794611669,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:08","end":"09:32","startHours":8.13177794611669,"endHours":9.525777362499035,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:32","end":"10:55","startHours":9.525777362499035,"endHours":10.919776778881381,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:55","end":"12:19","startHours":10.919776778881381,"endHours":12.313776195263728,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:19","end":"13:42","startHours":12.313776195263728,"endHours":13.707775611646072,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:42","end":"15:06","startHours":13.707775611646072,"endHours":15.101775028028417,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:06","end":"16:30","startHours":15.101775028028417,"endHours":16.495774444410763,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:30","end":"17:53","startHours":16.495774444410763,"endHours":17.88977386079311,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:53","end":"19:30","startHours":17.88977386079311,"endHours":19.495774444410763,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:30","end":"21:06","startHours":19.495774444410763,"endHours":21.10177502802842,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:06","end":"22:42","startHours":21.10177502802842,"endHours":22.707775611646074,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:42","end":"00:19","startHours":22.707775611646074,"endHours":24.313776195263728,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:19","end":"01:55","startHours":24.313776195263728,"endHours":25.91977677888138,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:55","end":"03:32","startHours":25.91977677888138,"endHours":27.525777362499035,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:32","end":"05:08","startHours":27.525777362499035,"endHours":29.131777946116692,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:08","end":"06:44","startHours":29.131777946116692,"endHours":30.737778529734346,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:44","end":"07:44","startHours":6.737778529734345,"endHours":7.737778529734345,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:44","end":"08:44","startHours":7.737778529734345,"endHours":8.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:44","end":"09:44","startHours":8.737778529734346,"endHours":9.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:44","end":"10:44","startHours":9.737778529734346,"endHours":10.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:44","end":"11:44","startHours":10.737778529734346,"endHours":11.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:44","end":"12:44","startHours":11.737778529734346,"endHours":12.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:44","end":"13:44","startHours":12.737778529734346,"endHours":13.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:44","end":"14:44","startHours":13.737778529734346,"endHours":14.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:44","end":"15:44","startHours":14.737778529734346,"endHours":15.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:44","end":"16:44","startHours":15.737778529734346,"endHours":16.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:44","end":"17:44","startHours":16.737778529734346,"endHours":17.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:44","end":"18:44","startHours":17.737778529734346,"endHours":18.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:44","end":"19:44","startHours":18.737778529734346,"endHours":19.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:44","end":"20:44","startHours":19.737778529734346,"endHours":20.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:44","end":"21:44","startHours":20.737778529734346,"endHours":21.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:44","end":"22:44","startHours":21.737778529734346,"endHours":22.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:44","end":"23:44","startHours":22.737778529734346,"endHours":23.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:44","end":"00:44","startHours":23.737778529734346,"endHours":24.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:44","end":"01:44","startHours":24.737778529734346,"endHours":25.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:44","end":"02:44","startHours":25.737778529734346,"endHours":26.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:44","end":"03:44","startHours":26.737778529734346,"endHours":27.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:44","end":"04:44","startHours":27.737778529734346,"endHours":28.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:44","end":"05:44","startHours":28.737778529734346,"endHours":29.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:44","end":"06:44","startHours":29.737778529734346,"endHours":30.737778529734346,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mānasa","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":11.621798136507397,"eotMinutes":-2.2685717158237404,"ayanamsa":23.5546}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2035,"vikram_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","saka_samvat":1900,"saka_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","bengali_samvat":1385,"malayalam_era":1154,"nanakshahi_year":509,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2035 Prajāpati · Śaka 1900 Kālayukta"},"festivals":[{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 23, 1978 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 23, 1978 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:44, sūryāsta 17:53.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1978-08-23","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1978-08-23","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1978-08-23","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1978-08-23","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1978-08-23"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-20T04:48:40.777Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-20T04:48:40.777Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-20T04:48:40.777Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}