{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:1978-01-03:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1978-01-03","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1978-01-03","date_display":"January 3, 1978 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":1,"day":3,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443511.770833,"kali_year":5079,"ahargana":1855046.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":258.5949,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":178.8588,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":280.264,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.264},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":178.8588,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.5255},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":77.4537},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1978,"month":1,"day":3,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443511.770833,"ahargana":1855046.2708,"kali_year":5079,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5458,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":258.7577389999999,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":175.39813900000001,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.6363},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":105.26923899999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":238.09583899999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":65.797439,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":254.49173900000005,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":126.497139,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":170.7215,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":350.7215,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":1,"day":3,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443511.770833,"kali_year":5079,"ahargana":1855046.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":258.5949,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":178.8588,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":280.264,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.264},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":178.8588,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.5255},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":77.4537},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.636,"elongation":79.736},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.636,"opposition_distance":100.264}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:16","sunsetLocal":"19:27","solarNoonLocal":"12:21","dayLengthHours":14.18094837525601,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 10 Mins 51 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 49 Mins 09 Secs","moonriseLocal":"00:26","moonsetLocal":"13:09","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:54","end":"17:40","startHours":15.897694107658303,"endHours":17.670312654565304,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:48","end":"10:35","startHours":8.807219920030297,"endHours":10.5798384669373,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:21","end":"14:08","startHours":12.352457013844301,"endHours":14.125075560751302,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:34","end":"09:03","startHours":8.570870780442696,"endHours":9.043569059617898,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:51","end":"06:14","startHours":5.852855675185296,"endHours":6.231014298525456,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:53","end":"12:50","startHours":11.879758734669101,"endHours":12.8251552930195,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:22","end":"04:19","startHours":3.3711897095154937,"endHours":4.316586267865894,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:05","end":"05:16","startHours":4.080237128278294,"endHours":5.261982826216295,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:43","end":"15:40","startHours":14.715948409720303,"endHours":15.661344968070704,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:15","end":"19:39","startHours":19.242931201472306,"endHours":19.642931201472305,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:27","end":"20:02","startHours":19.442931201472305,"endHours":20.033804050441304,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:12","end":"20:57","startHours":19.192931201472305,"endHours":20.942931201472305,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:53","end":"00:50","startHours":23.8797587346691,"endHours":24.825155293019503,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:16","end":"07:02","startHours":5.261982826216295,"endHours":7.034601373123296,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:02","end":"08:48","startHours":7.034601373123296,"endHours":8.807219920030297,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:48","end":"10:35","startHours":8.807219920030297,"endHours":10.5798384669373,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:35","end":"12:21","startHours":10.5798384669373,"endHours":12.352457013844301,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:21","end":"14:08","startHours":12.352457013844301,"endHours":14.125075560751302,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:08","end":"15:54","startHours":14.125075560751302,"endHours":15.897694107658303,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:54","end":"17:40","startHours":15.897694107658303,"endHours":17.670312654565304,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:40","end":"19:27","startHours":17.670312654565304,"endHours":19.442931201472305,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:27","end":"20:40","startHours":19.442931201472305,"endHours":20.670312654565304,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:40","end":"21:54","startHours":20.670312654565304,"endHours":21.897694107658303,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:54","end":"23:08","startHours":21.897694107658303,"endHours":23.125075560751302,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:08","end":"00:21","startHours":23.125075560751302,"endHours":24.3524570138443,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:21","end":"01:35","startHours":24.3524570138443,"endHours":25.5798384669373,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:35","end":"02:48","startHours":25.5798384669373,"endHours":26.8072199200303,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:48","end":"04:02","startHours":26.8072199200303,"endHours":28.034601373123294,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:02","end":"05:16","startHours":28.034601373123294,"endHours":29.261982826216297,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:16","end":"06:16","startHours":5.261982826216295,"endHours":6.261982826216295,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:16","end":"07:16","startHours":6.261982826216295,"endHours":7.261982826216295,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:16","end":"08:16","startHours":7.261982826216295,"endHours":8.261982826216295,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:16","end":"09:16","startHours":8.261982826216295,"endHours":9.261982826216295,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:16","end":"10:16","startHours":9.261982826216295,"endHours":10.261982826216295,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:16","end":"11:16","startHours":10.261982826216295,"endHours":11.261982826216295,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:16","end":"12:16","startHours":11.261982826216295,"endHours":12.261982826216295,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:16","end":"13:16","startHours":12.261982826216295,"endHours":13.261982826216295,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:16","end":"14:16","startHours":13.261982826216295,"endHours":14.261982826216295,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:16","end":"15:16","startHours":14.261982826216295,"endHours":15.261982826216295,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:16","end":"16:16","startHours":15.261982826216295,"endHours":16.261982826216297,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:16","end":"17:16","startHours":16.261982826216297,"endHours":17.261982826216297,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:16","end":"18:16","startHours":17.261982826216297,"endHours":18.261982826216297,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:16","end":"19:16","startHours":18.261982826216297,"endHours":19.261982826216297,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:16","end":"20:16","startHours":19.261982826216297,"endHours":20.261982826216297,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:16","end":"21:16","startHours":20.261982826216297,"endHours":21.261982826216297,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:16","end":"22:16","startHours":21.261982826216297,"endHours":22.261982826216297,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:16","end":"23:16","startHours":22.261982826216297,"endHours":23.261982826216297,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:16","end":"00:16","startHours":23.261982826216297,"endHours":24.261982826216297,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:16","end":"01:16","startHours":24.261982826216297,"endHours":25.261982826216297,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:16","end":"02:16","startHours":25.261982826216297,"endHours":26.261982826216297,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:16","end":"03:16","startHours":26.261982826216297,"endHours":27.261982826216297,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:16","end":"04:16","startHours":27.261982826216297,"endHours":28.261982826216297,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:16","end":"05:16","startHours":28.261982826216297,"endHours":29.261982826216297,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-22.8672602879018,"eotMinutes":-4.589420830658165,"ayanamsa":23.5458}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2035,"vikram_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","saka_samvat":1900,"saka_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","bengali_samvat":1385,"malayalam_era":1154,"nanakshahi_year":509,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 2035 Prajāpati · Śaka 1900 Kālayukta"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 3, 1978 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 3, 1978 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 05:16, sūryāsta 19:27.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1978-01-03","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1978-01-03","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1978-01-03","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1978-01-03","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1978-01-03"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-20T06:45:58.537Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-20T06:45:58.537Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-20T06:45:58.537Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}