{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:1973-05-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1973-05-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1973-05-28","date_display":"May 28, 1973 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1973,"month":5,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441830.770833,"kali_year":5075,"ahargana":1853365.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":43.0543,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":348.4255,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":305.3712,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.3712},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":348.4255,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.7588},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":31.4798},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1973,"month":5,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441830.770833,"ahargana":1853365.2708,"kali_year":5075,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.4815,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":43.092265,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":346.098165,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4987},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":320.7664649999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":52.71506499999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":289.03136500000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":56.17566499999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":58.49246499999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":259.7889,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":79.7889,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1973,"month":5,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441830.770833,"kali_year":5075,"ahargana":1853365.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":43.0543,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":348.4255,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":305.3712,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.3712},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":348.4255,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.7588},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":31.4798},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.499,"elongation":54.629},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.499,"opposition_distance":125.371}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"07:06","sunsetLocal":"17:21","solarNoonLocal":"12:14","dayLengthHours":10.257928395142875,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 15 Mins 29 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 44 Mins 31 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:32","moonsetLocal":"14:19","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:23","end":"09:40","startHours":8.381046626317309,"endHours":9.663287675710169,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:57","end":"12:14","startHours":10.945528725103028,"endHours":12.227769774495886,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:31","end":"14:48","startHours":13.510010823888747,"endHours":14.792251873281606,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:30","end":"09:50","startHours":9.492322202457787,"endHours":9.83425314896255,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:32","end":"07:48","startHours":7.526219260055403,"endHours":7.799764017259213,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:53","end":"12:34","startHours":11.885838827991124,"endHours":12.569700721000649,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:44","end":"06:25","startHours":5.7310817909054,"endHours":6.414943683914925,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:15","end":"07:06","startHours":6.243978210662544,"endHours":7.09880557692445,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:37","startHours":13.9374245070197,"endHours":14.621286400029224,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:09","end":"17:33","startHours":17.156733972067325,"endHours":17.556733972067324,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:21","end":"17:47","startHours":17.356733972067325,"endHours":17.78414765519828,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:06","end":"18:51","startHours":17.106733972067325,"endHours":18.856733972067325,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:53","end":"00:34","startHours":23.885838827991122,"endHours":24.56970072100065,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:06","end":"08:23","startHours":7.09880557692445,"endHours":8.381046626317309,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:23","end":"09:40","startHours":8.381046626317309,"endHours":9.663287675710169,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:40","end":"10:57","startHours":9.663287675710169,"endHours":10.945528725103028,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:57","end":"12:14","startHours":10.945528725103028,"endHours":12.227769774495886,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:14","end":"13:31","startHours":12.227769774495886,"endHours":13.510010823888747,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:31","end":"14:48","startHours":13.510010823888747,"endHours":14.792251873281606,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:48","end":"16:04","startHours":14.792251873281606,"endHours":16.074492922674466,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:04","end":"17:21","startHours":16.074492922674466,"endHours":17.356733972067325,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"17:21","end":"19:04","startHours":17.356733972067325,"endHours":19.074492922674466,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:04","end":"20:48","startHours":19.074492922674466,"endHours":20.792251873281607,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:48","end":"22:31","startHours":20.792251873281607,"endHours":22.51001082388875,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:31","end":"00:14","startHours":22.51001082388875,"endHours":24.227769774495886,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:14","end":"01:57","startHours":24.227769774495886,"endHours":25.945528725103028,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:57","end":"03:40","startHours":25.945528725103028,"endHours":27.66328767571017,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:40","end":"05:23","startHours":27.66328767571017,"endHours":29.381046626317307,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:23","end":"07:06","startHours":29.381046626317307,"endHours":31.09880557692445,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.09880557692445,"endHours":8.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.09880557692445,"endHours":9.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.09880557692445,"endHours":10.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.09880557692445,"endHours":11.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.09880557692445,"endHours":12.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.09880557692445,"endHours":13.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.09880557692445,"endHours":14.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.09880557692445,"endHours":15.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.09880557692445,"endHours":16.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.09880557692445,"endHours":17.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.09880557692445,"endHours":18.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.09880557692445,"endHours":19.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.09880557692445,"endHours":20.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.09880557692445,"endHours":21.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.09880557692445,"endHours":22.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.09880557692445,"endHours":23.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.09880557692445,"endHours":24.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.09880557692445,"endHours":25.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.09880557692445,"endHours":26.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.09880557692445,"endHours":27.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.09880557692445,"endHours":28.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.09880557692445,"endHours":29.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.09880557692445,"endHours":30.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":30.09880557692445,"endHours":31.09880557692445,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":21.40440968205689,"eotMinutes":2.8918135302468597,"ayanamsa":23.4815}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2030,"vikram_samvatsara":"Akṣaya","saka_samvat":1895,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramādī","bengali_samvat":1380,"malayalam_era":1149,"nanakshahi_year":504,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram 2030 Akṣaya · Śaka 1895 Pramādī"},"festivals":[{"id":"apara-ekadashi","name":"Aparā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"अपरा एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Boundless (aparā) merit; removes brahma-hatyā even.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":26,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 28, 1973 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 28, 1973 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 07:06, sūryāsta 17:21.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1973-05-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1973-05-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1973-05-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1973-05-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1973-05-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T18:57:19.574Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T18:57:19.574Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T18:57:19.574Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}