{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:1972-04-30:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1972-04-30","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1972-04-30","date_display":"April 30, 1972 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1972,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441437.770833,"kali_year":5074,"ahargana":1852972.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.4527,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":215.0084,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":198.5557,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.5557},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":215.0084,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.6751},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":231.4611},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":33,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1972,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441437.770833,"ahargana":1852972.2708,"kali_year":5074,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.4664,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.32508100000001,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":212.88398099999995,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.0975},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":58.87498099999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":349.781381,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":255.44608100000005,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":60.261780999999985,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":42.819980999999984,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":280.612,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":100.612,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1972,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441437.770833,"kali_year":5074,"ahargana":1852972.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.4527,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":215.0084,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":198.5557,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.5557},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":215.0084,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.6751},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":231.4611},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":33,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.097,"elongation":161.444},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.097,"opposition_distance":18.556}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:47","sunsetLocal":"17:40","solarNoonLocal":"12:14","dayLengthHours":10.87722005090788,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 52 Mins 38 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 07 Mins 22 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:26","moonsetLocal":"08:14","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:19","end":"17:40","startHours":16.30849983260375,"endHours":17.668152338967236,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:14","end":"13:35","startHours":12.229542313513296,"endHours":13.58919481987678,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:57","end":"16:19","startHours":14.948847326240266,"endHours":16.30849983260375,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:20","end":"09:41","startHours":9.328950299937862,"endHours":9.691524301634791,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:15","end":"07:32","startHours":7.2441497901805185,"endHours":7.534208991538062,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:52","end":"12:36","startHours":11.866968311816366,"endHours":12.592116315210225,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:20","end":"06:04","startHours":5.340636281271639,"endHours":6.065784284665498,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:53","end":"06:47","startHours":5.8844972838170335,"endHours":6.790932288059357,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:03","end":"14:46","startHours":14.042412321997944,"endHours":14.767560325391802,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:28","end":"17:52","startHours":17.468152338967236,"endHours":17.868152338967235,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:40","end":"18:07","startHours":17.668152338967236,"endHours":18.1213698410884,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:25","end":"19:10","startHours":17.418152338967236,"endHours":19.168152338967236,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:52","end":"00:36","startHours":23.866968311816365,"endHours":24.592116315210227,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:47","end":"08:09","startHours":6.790932288059357,"endHours":8.15058479442284,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:09","end":"09:31","startHours":8.15058479442284,"endHours":9.510237300786326,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:31","end":"10:52","startHours":9.510237300786326,"endHours":10.86988980714981,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:52","end":"12:14","startHours":10.86988980714981,"endHours":12.229542313513296,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:14","end":"13:35","startHours":12.229542313513296,"endHours":13.58919481987678,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:35","end":"14:57","startHours":13.58919481987678,"endHours":14.948847326240266,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:57","end":"16:19","startHours":14.948847326240266,"endHours":16.30849983260375,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:19","end":"17:40","startHours":16.30849983260375,"endHours":17.668152338967236,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:40","end":"19:19","startHours":17.668152338967236,"endHours":19.30849983260375,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:19","end":"20:57","startHours":19.30849983260375,"endHours":20.948847326240266,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:57","end":"22:35","startHours":20.948847326240266,"endHours":22.58919481987678,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:35","end":"00:14","startHours":22.58919481987678,"endHours":24.229542313513296,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:14","end":"01:52","startHours":24.229542313513296,"endHours":25.86988980714981,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:52","end":"03:31","startHours":25.86988980714981,"endHours":27.510237300786326,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:31","end":"05:09","startHours":27.510237300786326,"endHours":29.15058479442284,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:09","end":"06:47","startHours":29.15058479442284,"endHours":30.790932288059356,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:47","end":"07:47","startHours":6.790932288059357,"endHours":7.790932288059357,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:47","end":"08:47","startHours":7.790932288059357,"endHours":8.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:47","end":"09:47","startHours":8.790932288059356,"endHours":9.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:47","end":"10:47","startHours":9.790932288059356,"endHours":10.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:47","end":"11:47","startHours":10.790932288059356,"endHours":11.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:47","end":"12:47","startHours":11.790932288059356,"endHours":12.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:47","end":"13:47","startHours":12.790932288059356,"endHours":13.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:47","end":"14:47","startHours":13.790932288059356,"endHours":14.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:47","end":"15:47","startHours":14.790932288059356,"endHours":15.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:47","end":"16:47","startHours":15.790932288059356,"endHours":16.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:47","end":"17:47","startHours":16.790932288059356,"endHours":17.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:47","end":"18:47","startHours":17.790932288059356,"endHours":18.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:47","end":"19:47","startHours":18.790932288059356,"endHours":19.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:47","end":"20:47","startHours":19.790932288059356,"endHours":20.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:47","end":"21:47","startHours":20.790932288059356,"endHours":21.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:47","end":"22:47","startHours":21.790932288059356,"endHours":22.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:47","end":"23:47","startHours":22.790932288059356,"endHours":23.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:47","end":"00:47","startHours":23.790932288059356,"endHours":24.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:47","end":"01:47","startHours":24.790932288059356,"endHours":25.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:47","end":"02:47","startHours":25.790932288059356,"endHours":26.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:47","end":"03:47","startHours":26.790932288059356,"endHours":27.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:47","end":"04:47","startHours":27.790932288059356,"endHours":28.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:47","end":"05:47","startHours":28.790932288059356,"endHours":29.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:47","end":"06:47","startHours":29.790932288059356,"endHours":30.790932288059356,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":14.746742640172442,"eotMinutes":2.785461189202204,"ayanamsa":23.4664}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2029,"vikram_samvatsara":"Krodhana","saka_samvat":1894,"saka_samvatsara":"Paridhāvi","bengali_samvat":1379,"malayalam_era":1148,"nanakshahi_year":503,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha (Adhika) Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":true,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":true,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":true,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha (Adhika) Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2029 Krodhana · Śaka 1894 Paridhāvi"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 30, 1972 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 30, 1972 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 06:47, sūryāsta 17:40.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1972-04-30","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1972-04-30","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1972-04-30","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1972-04-30","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1972-04-30"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T05:51:25.214Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T05:51:25.214Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-03T05:51:25.214Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}