{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:1949-01-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1949-01-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1949-01-01","date_display":"January 1, 1949 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1949,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432917.770833,"kali_year":5050,"ahargana":1844452.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":257.0567,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":278.4781,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":21.4213,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.4213},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":278.4781,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.8114},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":175.5348},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":3,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1949,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432917.770833,"ahargana":1844452.2708,"kali_year":5050,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.1406,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":257.165207,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":276.20160699999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4913},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":274.70270700000003,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":269.06580699999995,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":258.56670699999995,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":232.18680700000004,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":133.17060700000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":12.0426,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":192.0426,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1949,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2432917.770833,"kali_year":5050,"ahargana":1844452.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":257.0567,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":278.4781,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":21.4213,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.4213},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":278.4781,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.8114},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":175.5348},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":3,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.491,"elongation":21.421},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.491,"opposition_distance":158.579}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:14","sunsetLocal":"19:26","solarNoonLocal":"12:20","dayLengthHours":14.19842625270767,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 11 Mins 54 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 48 Mins 06 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:40","moonsetLocal":"20:33","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:47","end":"10:34","startHours":8.78811307554635,"endHours":10.56291635713481,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:07","end":"15:53","startHours":14.112522920311726,"endHours":15.887326201900185,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:14","end":"07:01","startHours":5.238506512369433,"endHours":7.013309793957892,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:33","end":"09:01","startHours":8.551472638001222,"endHours":9.024753513091479,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:50","end":"06:13","startHours":5.830107606232253,"endHours":6.208732306304457,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:52","end":"12:49","startHours":11.864438763633013,"endHours":12.811000513813523,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:21","end":"04:18","startHours":3.3453830120084107,"endHours":4.291944762188922,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:03","end":"05:14","startHours":4.055304324643794,"endHours":5.238506512369433,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:42","end":"15:39","startHours":14.704124014174546,"endHours":15.650685764355057,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:14","end":"19:38","startHours":19.236932765077103,"endHours":19.636932765077102,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:26","end":"20:02","startHours":19.436932765077103,"endHours":20.028533858939923,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:11","end":"20:56","startHours":19.186932765077103,"endHours":20.936932765077103,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:52","end":"00:49","startHours":23.86443876363301,"endHours":24.811000513813525,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:14","end":"07:01","startHours":5.238506512369433,"endHours":7.013309793957892,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:01","end":"08:47","startHours":7.013309793957892,"endHours":8.78811307554635,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:47","end":"10:34","startHours":8.78811307554635,"endHours":10.56291635713481,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:34","end":"12:20","startHours":10.56291635713481,"endHours":12.337719638723268,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:20","end":"14:07","startHours":12.337719638723268,"endHours":14.112522920311726,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:07","end":"15:53","startHours":14.112522920311726,"endHours":15.887326201900185,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:53","end":"17:40","startHours":15.887326201900185,"endHours":17.662129483488645,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:40","end":"19:26","startHours":17.662129483488645,"endHours":19.436932765077103,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"19:26","end":"20:40","startHours":19.436932765077103,"endHours":20.662129483488645,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:40","end":"21:53","startHours":20.662129483488645,"endHours":21.887326201900187,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:53","end":"23:07","startHours":21.887326201900187,"endHours":23.112522920311726,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:07","end":"00:20","startHours":23.112522920311726,"endHours":24.337719638723268,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:20","end":"01:34","startHours":24.337719638723268,"endHours":25.56291635713481,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:34","end":"02:47","startHours":25.56291635713481,"endHours":26.78811307554635,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:47","end":"04:01","startHours":26.78811307554635,"endHours":28.01330979395789,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:01","end":"05:14","startHours":28.01330979395789,"endHours":29.238506512369433,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:14","end":"06:14","startHours":5.238506512369433,"endHours":6.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:14","end":"07:14","startHours":6.238506512369433,"endHours":7.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:14","end":"08:14","startHours":7.238506512369433,"endHours":8.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:14","end":"09:14","startHours":8.238506512369433,"endHours":9.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:14","end":"10:14","startHours":9.238506512369433,"endHours":10.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:14","end":"11:14","startHours":10.238506512369433,"endHours":11.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:14","end":"12:14","startHours":11.238506512369433,"endHours":12.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:14","end":"13:14","startHours":12.238506512369433,"endHours":13.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:14","end":"14:14","startHours":13.238506512369433,"endHours":14.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:14","end":"15:14","startHours":14.238506512369433,"endHours":15.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:14","end":"16:14","startHours":15.238506512369433,"endHours":16.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:14","end":"17:14","startHours":16.238506512369433,"endHours":17.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:14","end":"18:14","startHours":17.238506512369433,"endHours":18.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:14","end":"19:14","startHours":18.238506512369433,"endHours":19.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:14","end":"20:14","startHours":19.238506512369433,"endHours":20.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:14","end":"21:14","startHours":20.238506512369433,"endHours":21.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:14","end":"22:14","startHours":21.238506512369433,"endHours":22.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:14","end":"23:14","startHours":22.238506512369433,"endHours":23.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:14","end":"00:14","startHours":23.238506512369433,"endHours":24.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:14","end":"01:14","startHours":24.238506512369433,"endHours":25.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:14","end":"02:14","startHours":25.238506512369433,"endHours":26.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:14","end":"03:14","startHours":26.238506512369433,"endHours":27.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:14","end":"04:14","startHours":27.238506512369433,"endHours":28.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:14","end":"05:14","startHours":28.238506512369433,"endHours":29.238506512369433,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.036397621601232,"eotMinutes":-3.705178323396069,"ayanamsa":23.1406}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2006,"vikram_samvatsara":"Śubhakṛt","saka_samvat":1871,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhi","bengali_samvat":1356,"malayalam_era":1125,"nanakshahi_year":480,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram 2006 Śubhakṛt · Śaka 1871 Virodhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 1, 1949 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 1, 1949 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 05:14, sūryāsta 19:26.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1949-01-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1949-01-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1949-01-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1949-01-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1949-01-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-21T14:10:26.566Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-21T14:10:26.566Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-21T14:10:26.566Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}