{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:1931-07-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1931-07-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1931-07-01","date_display":"July 1, 1931 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1931,"month":7,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2426523.770833,"kali_year":5033,"ahargana":1838058.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":75.186,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":269.4446,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":194.2586,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.2586},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":269.4446,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.778},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":344.6307},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1931,"month":7,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2426523.770833,"ahargana":1838058.2708,"kali_year":5033,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.896,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":75.35710499999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":267.608205,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4491},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":139.31680500000004,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":77.79630499999996,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":94.15310499999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":57.59400499999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":268.39050499999996,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":350.8275,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":170.8275,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1931,"month":7,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2426523.770833,"kali_year":5033,"ahargana":1838058.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":75.186,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":269.4446,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":194.2586,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.2586},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":269.4446,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.778},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":344.6307},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.449,"elongation":165.741},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.449,"opposition_distance":14.259}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"07:18","sunsetLocal":"17:22","solarNoonLocal":"12:20","dayLengthHours":10.082265413563562,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 04 Mins 56 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 55 Mins 04 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:08","moonsetLocal":"08:10","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:20","end":"13:36","startHours":12.333838086741181,"endHours":13.594121263436627,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:33","end":"09:49","startHours":8.552988556654846,"endHours":9.813271733350291,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:04","end":"12:20","startHours":11.073554910045736,"endHours":12.333838086741181,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:39","end":"09:59","startHours":9.645233976457565,"endHours":9.981309490243016,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:43","end":"07:59","startHours":7.7127997721912145,"endHours":7.981660183219576,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:00","end":"12:40","startHours":11.997762572955729,"endHours":12.669913600526634,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:57","end":"06:37","startHours":5.948403324817591,"endHours":6.6205543523884955,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:27","end":"07:18","startHours":6.452516595495769,"endHours":7.2927053799594,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:01","end":"14:41","startHours":14.01421565566844,"endHours":14.686366683239344,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:10","end":"17:34","startHours":17.174970793522963,"endHours":17.57497079352296,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:22","end":"17:48","startHours":17.374970793522962,"endHours":17.795065185754776,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:07","end":"18:52","startHours":17.124970793522962,"endHours":18.874970793522962,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:00","end":"00:40","startHours":23.99776257295573,"endHours":24.669913600526634,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"07:18","end":"08:33","startHours":7.2927053799594,"endHours":8.552988556654846,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:33","end":"09:49","startHours":8.552988556654846,"endHours":9.813271733350291,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:49","end":"11:04","startHours":9.813271733350291,"endHours":11.073554910045736,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:04","end":"12:20","startHours":11.073554910045736,"endHours":12.333838086741181,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:20","end":"13:36","startHours":12.333838086741181,"endHours":13.594121263436627,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:36","end":"14:51","startHours":13.594121263436627,"endHours":14.854404440132072,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:51","end":"16:07","startHours":14.854404440132072,"endHours":16.114687616827517,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:07","end":"17:22","startHours":16.114687616827517,"endHours":17.374970793522962,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:22","end":"19:07","startHours":17.374970793522962,"endHours":19.114687616827517,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:07","end":"20:51","startHours":19.114687616827517,"endHours":20.854404440132072,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:51","end":"22:36","startHours":20.854404440132072,"endHours":22.594121263436627,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:36","end":"00:20","startHours":22.594121263436627,"endHours":24.33383808674118,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:20","end":"02:04","startHours":24.33383808674118,"endHours":26.073554910045736,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:04","end":"03:49","startHours":26.073554910045736,"endHours":27.81327173335029,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:49","end":"05:33","startHours":27.81327173335029,"endHours":29.552988556654846,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:33","end":"07:18","startHours":29.552988556654846,"endHours":31.2927053799594,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:18","end":"08:18","startHours":7.2927053799594,"endHours":8.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:18","end":"09:18","startHours":8.2927053799594,"endHours":9.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:18","end":"10:18","startHours":9.2927053799594,"endHours":10.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:18","end":"11:18","startHours":10.2927053799594,"endHours":11.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:18","end":"12:18","startHours":11.2927053799594,"endHours":12.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:18","end":"13:18","startHours":12.2927053799594,"endHours":13.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:18","end":"14:18","startHours":13.2927053799594,"endHours":14.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:18","end":"15:18","startHours":14.2927053799594,"endHours":15.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:18","end":"16:18","startHours":15.2927053799594,"endHours":16.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:18","end":"17:18","startHours":16.2927053799594,"endHours":17.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:18","end":"18:18","startHours":17.2927053799594,"endHours":18.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:18","end":"19:18","startHours":18.2927053799594,"endHours":19.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:18","end":"20:18","startHours":19.2927053799594,"endHours":20.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:18","end":"21:18","startHours":20.2927053799594,"endHours":21.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:18","end":"22:18","startHours":21.2927053799594,"endHours":22.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:18","end":"23:18","startHours":22.2927053799594,"endHours":23.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:18","end":"00:18","startHours":23.2927053799594,"endHours":24.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:18","end":"01:18","startHours":24.2927053799594,"endHours":25.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:18","end":"02:18","startHours":25.2927053799594,"endHours":26.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:18","end":"03:18","startHours":26.2927053799594,"endHours":27.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:18","end":"04:18","startHours":27.2927053799594,"endHours":28.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:18","end":"05:18","startHours":28.2927053799594,"endHours":29.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:18","end":"06:18","startHours":29.2927053799594,"endHours":30.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:18","end":"07:18","startHours":30.2927053799594,"endHours":31.2927053799594,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":23.179522667650094,"eotMinutes":-3.4722852044708983,"ayanamsa":22.896}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1988,"vikram_samvatsara":"Tāraṇa","saka_samvat":1853,"saka_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","bengali_samvat":1338,"malayalam_era":1107,"nanakshahi_year":462,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 1988 Tāraṇa · Śaka 1853 Prajāpati"},"festivals":[{"id":"mithuna-sankranti","name":"Mithuna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मिथुन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Gemini.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mithuna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 1, 1931 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 1, 1931 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 07:18, sūryāsta 17:22.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1931-07-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1931-07-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1931-07-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1931-07-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1931-07-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-23T00:42:47.134Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-23T00:42:47.134Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-23T00:42:47.134Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}