{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:1909-05-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1909-05-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1909-05-31","date_display":"May 31, 1909 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1909,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418457.770833,"kali_year":5011,"ahargana":1829992.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":46.4448,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":178.9478,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":132.503,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.503},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":178.9478,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.6145},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":225.3926},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1909,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418457.770833,"ahargana":1829992.2708,"kali_year":5011,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.5875,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":46.35538600000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":180.02948600000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.8665},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":311.845786,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":66.27808600000003,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":134.39378599999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":56.24348600000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":358.270786,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":58.203,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":238.203,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1909,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418457.770833,"kali_year":5011,"ahargana":1829992.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":46.4448,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":178.9478,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":132.503,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.503},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":178.9478,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.6145},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":225.3926},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.866,"elongation":132.503},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.866,"opposition_distance":47.497}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":4,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.668,"opposition_distance":0.799},{"offset_days":18,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.7,"elongation":2.678}]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"07:07","sunsetLocal":"17:21","solarNoonLocal":"12:14","dayLengthHours":10.220415385032886,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 13 Mins 13 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 46 Mins 47 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:44","moonsetLocal":"03:34","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:24","end":"09:41","startHours":8.401651451310336,"endHours":9.679203374439446,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:57","end":"12:14","startHours":10.956755297568558,"endHours":12.23430722069767,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:31","end":"14:47","startHours":13.51185914382678,"endHours":14.78941106695589,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:31","end":"09:51","startHours":9.508863118022232,"endHours":9.849543630856662,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:33","end":"07:49","startHours":7.549950169224262,"endHours":7.8224945794918055,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:54","end":"12:34","startHours":11.89362670786324,"endHours":12.5749877335321,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:46","end":"06:27","startHours":5.761377476843506,"endHours":6.442738502512366,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:16","end":"07:07","startHours":6.272398246095151,"endHours":7.124099528181225,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:37","startHours":13.937709784869817,"endHours":14.619070810538677,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:09","end":"17:33","startHours":17.144514913214113,"endHours":17.544514913214112,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:21","end":"17:46","startHours":17.344514913214113,"endHours":17.77036555425715,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:06","end":"18:51","startHours":17.094514913214113,"endHours":18.844514913214113,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:54","end":"00:34","startHours":23.89362670786324,"endHours":24.574987733532097,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:07","end":"08:24","startHours":7.124099528181225,"endHours":8.401651451310336,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:24","end":"09:41","startHours":8.401651451310336,"endHours":9.679203374439446,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:41","end":"10:57","startHours":9.679203374439446,"endHours":10.956755297568558,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:57","end":"12:14","startHours":10.956755297568558,"endHours":12.23430722069767,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:14","end":"13:31","startHours":12.23430722069767,"endHours":13.51185914382678,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:31","end":"14:47","startHours":13.51185914382678,"endHours":14.78941106695589,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:47","end":"16:04","startHours":14.78941106695589,"endHours":16.066962990085003,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:04","end":"17:21","startHours":16.066962990085003,"endHours":17.344514913214113,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"17:21","end":"19:04","startHours":17.344514913214113,"endHours":19.066962990085003,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:04","end":"20:47","startHours":19.066962990085003,"endHours":20.789411066955893,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:47","end":"22:31","startHours":20.789411066955893,"endHours":22.51185914382678,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:31","end":"00:14","startHours":22.51185914382678,"endHours":24.23430722069767,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:14","end":"01:57","startHours":24.23430722069767,"endHours":25.95675529756856,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:57","end":"03:41","startHours":25.95675529756856,"endHours":27.679203374439446,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:41","end":"05:24","startHours":27.679203374439446,"endHours":29.401651451310336,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:24","end":"07:07","startHours":29.401651451310336,"endHours":31.124099528181226,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:07","end":"08:07","startHours":7.124099528181225,"endHours":8.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:07","end":"09:07","startHours":8.124099528181226,"endHours":9.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:07","end":"10:07","startHours":9.124099528181226,"endHours":10.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:07","end":"11:07","startHours":10.124099528181226,"endHours":11.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:07","end":"12:07","startHours":11.124099528181226,"endHours":12.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:07","end":"13:07","startHours":12.124099528181226,"endHours":13.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:07","end":"14:07","startHours":13.124099528181226,"endHours":14.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:07","end":"15:07","startHours":14.124099528181226,"endHours":15.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:07","end":"16:07","startHours":15.124099528181226,"endHours":16.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:07","end":"17:07","startHours":16.124099528181226,"endHours":17.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:07","end":"18:07","startHours":17.124099528181226,"endHours":18.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:07","end":"19:07","startHours":18.124099528181226,"endHours":19.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:07","end":"20:07","startHours":19.124099528181226,"endHours":20.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:07","end":"21:07","startHours":20.124099528181226,"endHours":21.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:07","end":"22:07","startHours":21.124099528181226,"endHours":22.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:07","end":"23:07","startHours":22.124099528181226,"endHours":23.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:07","end":"00:07","startHours":23.124099528181226,"endHours":24.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:07","end":"01:07","startHours":24.124099528181226,"endHours":25.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:07","end":"02:07","startHours":25.124099528181226,"endHours":26.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:07","end":"03:07","startHours":26.124099528181226,"endHours":27.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:07","end":"04:07","startHours":27.124099528181226,"endHours":28.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:07","end":"05:07","startHours":28.124099528181226,"endHours":29.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:07","end":"06:07","startHours":29.124099528181226,"endHours":30.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:07","end":"07:07","startHours":30.124099528181226,"endHours":31.124099528181226,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":21.78797581993038,"eotMinutes":2.4995667581397525,"ayanamsa":22.5875}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1966,"vikram_samvatsara":"Dundubhi","saka_samvat":1831,"saka_samvatsara":"Saumya","bengali_samvat":1316,"malayalam_era":1085,"nanakshahi_year":440,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_amanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 1966 Dundubhi · Śaka 1831 Saumya"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 31, 1909 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 31, 1909 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 07:07, sūryāsta 17:21.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1909-05-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1909-05-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1909-05-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1909-05-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1909-05-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T04:39:34.367Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T04:39:34.367Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T04:39:34.367Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}