{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:1902-09-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1902-09-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1902-09-28","date_display":"September 28, 1902 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1902,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2416020.770833,"kali_year":5004,"ahargana":1827555.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":160.9695,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":115.5488,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":314.5793,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.5793},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":115.5488,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.8821},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":276.5182},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":52,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1902,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2416020.770833,"ahargana":1827555.2708,"kali_year":5004,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.4943,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":161.478797,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":115.46069699999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.2739},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":113.42979700000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":188.80369700000006,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":286.363797,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":147.135697,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":270.003197,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":187.3269,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":7.3269,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1902,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2416020.770833,"kali_year":5004,"ahargana":1827555.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":160.9695,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":115.5488,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":314.5793,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.5793},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":115.5488,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.8821},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":276.5182},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":52,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.274,"elongation":45.421},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.274,"opposition_distance":134.579}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:59","sunsetLocal":"18:14","solarNoonLocal":"12:06","dayLengthHours":12.262343387736443,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 15 Mins 44 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 44 Mins 16 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:39","moonsetLocal":"14:25","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:42","end":"18:14","startHours":16.704665611937543,"endHours":18.2374585354046,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:06","end":"13:38","startHours":12.106286841536377,"endHours":13.639079765003432,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:10","end":"16:42","startHours":15.171872688470486,"endHours":16.704665611937543,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:50","end":"09:15","startHours":8.836328604806658,"endHours":9.245073384397873,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:29","end":"06:49","startHours":6.486046122157173,"endHours":6.813041945830145,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:42","end":"12:31","startHours":11.697542061945162,"endHours":12.515031621127592,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:20","end":"05:09","startHours":4.340136029303295,"endHours":5.157625588485725,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:57","end":"05:59","startHours":4.953253198690118,"endHours":5.975115147668155,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:09","end":"14:58","startHours":14.150010739492451,"endHours":14.967500298674882,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:02","end":"18:26","startHours":18.0374585354046,"endHours":18.4374585354046,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:14","end":"18:45","startHours":18.2374585354046,"endHours":18.748389509893617,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:59","end":"19:44","startHours":17.9874585354046,"endHours":19.7374585354046,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:42","end":"00:31","startHours":23.697542061945164,"endHours":24.51503162112759,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:59","end":"07:30","startHours":5.975115147668155,"endHours":7.50790807113521,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:30","end":"09:02","startHours":7.50790807113521,"endHours":9.040700994602265,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:02","end":"10:34","startHours":9.040700994602265,"endHours":10.573493918069321,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:34","end":"12:06","startHours":10.573493918069321,"endHours":12.106286841536377,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:06","end":"13:38","startHours":12.106286841536377,"endHours":13.639079765003432,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:38","end":"15:10","startHours":13.639079765003432,"endHours":15.171872688470486,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:10","end":"16:42","startHours":15.171872688470486,"endHours":16.704665611937543,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:42","end":"18:14","startHours":16.704665611937543,"endHours":18.2374585354046,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:14","end":"19:42","startHours":18.2374585354046,"endHours":19.704665611937543,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:42","end":"21:10","startHours":19.704665611937543,"endHours":21.171872688470486,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:10","end":"22:38","startHours":21.171872688470486,"endHours":22.639079765003434,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:38","end":"00:06","startHours":22.639079765003434,"endHours":24.106286841536377,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:06","end":"01:34","startHours":24.106286841536377,"endHours":25.57349391806932,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:34","end":"03:02","startHours":25.57349391806932,"endHours":27.04070099460227,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:02","end":"04:30","startHours":27.04070099460227,"endHours":28.507908071135212,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:30","end":"05:59","startHours":28.507908071135212,"endHours":29.975115147668156,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:59","end":"06:59","startHours":5.975115147668155,"endHours":6.975115147668155,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:59","end":"07:59","startHours":6.975115147668155,"endHours":7.975115147668155,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:59","end":"08:59","startHours":7.975115147668155,"endHours":8.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:59","end":"09:59","startHours":8.975115147668156,"endHours":9.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:59","end":"10:59","startHours":9.975115147668156,"endHours":10.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:59","end":"11:59","startHours":10.975115147668156,"endHours":11.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:59","end":"12:59","startHours":11.975115147668156,"endHours":12.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:59","end":"13:59","startHours":12.975115147668156,"endHours":13.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:59","end":"14:59","startHours":13.975115147668156,"endHours":14.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:59","end":"15:59","startHours":14.975115147668156,"endHours":15.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:59","end":"16:59","startHours":15.975115147668156,"endHours":16.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:59","end":"17:59","startHours":16.975115147668156,"endHours":17.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:59","end":"18:59","startHours":17.975115147668156,"endHours":18.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:59","end":"19:59","startHours":18.975115147668156,"endHours":19.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:59","end":"20:59","startHours":19.975115147668156,"endHours":20.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:59","end":"21:59","startHours":20.975115147668156,"endHours":21.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:59","end":"22:59","startHours":21.975115147668156,"endHours":22.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:59","end":"23:59","startHours":22.975115147668156,"endHours":23.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:59","end":"00:59","startHours":23.975115147668156,"endHours":24.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:59","end":"01:59","startHours":24.975115147668156,"endHours":25.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:59","end":"02:59","startHours":25.975115147668156,"endHours":26.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:59","end":"03:59","startHours":26.975115147668156,"endHours":27.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:59","end":"04:59","startHours":27.975115147668156,"endHours":28.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:59","end":"05:59","startHours":28.975115147668156,"endHours":29.975115147668156,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-1.579163445793538,"eotMinutes":10.180789507817288,"ayanamsa":22.4943}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1959,"vikram_samvatsara":"Rākṣasa","saka_samvat":1824,"saka_samvatsara":"Śubhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1309,"malayalam_era":1078,"nanakshahi_year":433,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī · Vikram 1959 Rākṣasa · Śaka 1824 Śubhakṛt"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 28, 1902 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 28, 1902 CE for Perth, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 05:59, sūryāsta 18:14.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1902-09-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1902-09-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1902-09-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1902-09-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1902-09-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T13:23:53.758Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T13:23:53.758Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T13:23:53.758Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}