{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:1865-05-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1865-05-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1865-05-28","date_display":"May 28, 1865 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1865,"month":5,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2402384.770833,"kali_year":4967,"ahargana":1813919.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":44.9077,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":85.4407,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":40.533,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.533},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2,"moon_longitude":85.4407,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.4407},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":130.3484},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1865,"month":5,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2402384.770833,"ahargana":1813919.2708,"kali_year":4967,"ayanamsa_lahiri":21.9728,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":44.70359300000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":84.66869300000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.3586},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":101.98339299999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":22.27289300000001,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":246.70729299999994,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":19.17819300000002,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":183.38449300000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":189.8278,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":9.8278,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1865,"month":5,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2402384.770833,"kali_year":4967,"ahargana":1813919.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":44.9077,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":85.4407,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":40.533,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.533},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2,"moon_longitude":85.4407,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.4407},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":130.3484},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.359,"elongation":40.533},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.359,"opposition_distance":139.467}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"07:06","sunsetLocal":"17:21","solarNoonLocal":"12:14","dayLengthHours":10.25623219822188,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 15 Mins 22 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 44 Mins 38 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:50","moonsetLocal":"19:57","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:04","end":"17:21","startHours":16.07385684882909,"endHours":17.355885873606827,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:14","end":"13:31","startHours":12.227769774495886,"endHours":13.509798799273621,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:48","end":"16:04","startHours":14.791827824051357,"endHours":16.07385684882909,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:30","end":"09:50","startHours":9.492774521636719,"endHours":9.834648928244114,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:32","end":"07:48","startHours":7.5269966836441915,"endHours":7.800496208930109,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:53","end":"12:34","startHours":11.88589536788849,"endHours":12.569644181103282,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:44","end":"06:25","startHours":5.732156048955362,"endHours":6.415904862170154,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:15","end":"07:06","startHours":6.244967658866456,"endHours":7.099653675384946,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:37","startHours":13.937141807532868,"endHours":14.62089062074766,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:09","end":"17:33","startHours":17.155885873606827,"endHours":17.555885873606826,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:21","end":"17:47","startHours":17.355885873606827,"endHours":17.783228881866073,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:06","end":"18:51","startHours":17.105885873606827,"endHours":18.855885873606827,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:53","end":"00:34","startHours":23.88589536788849,"endHours":24.569644181103282,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:06","end":"08:23","startHours":7.099653675384946,"endHours":8.381682700162681,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:23","end":"09:40","startHours":8.381682700162681,"endHours":9.663711724940416,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:40","end":"10:57","startHours":9.663711724940416,"endHours":10.945740749718151,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:57","end":"12:14","startHours":10.945740749718151,"endHours":12.227769774495886,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:14","end":"13:31","startHours":12.227769774495886,"endHours":13.509798799273621,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:31","end":"14:48","startHours":13.509798799273621,"endHours":14.791827824051357,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:48","end":"16:04","startHours":14.791827824051357,"endHours":16.07385684882909,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:04","end":"17:21","startHours":16.07385684882909,"endHours":17.355885873606827,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:21","end":"19:04","startHours":17.355885873606827,"endHours":19.07385684882909,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:04","end":"20:48","startHours":19.07385684882909,"endHours":20.791827824051357,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:48","end":"22:31","startHours":20.791827824051357,"endHours":22.50979879927362,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:31","end":"00:14","startHours":22.50979879927362,"endHours":24.227769774495886,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:14","end":"01:57","startHours":24.227769774495886,"endHours":25.94574074971815,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:57","end":"03:40","startHours":25.94574074971815,"endHours":27.663711724940416,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:40","end":"05:23","startHours":27.663711724940416,"endHours":29.38168270016268,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:23","end":"07:06","startHours":29.38168270016268,"endHours":31.099653675384946,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.099653675384946,"endHours":8.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.099653675384946,"endHours":9.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.099653675384946,"endHours":10.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.099653675384946,"endHours":11.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.099653675384946,"endHours":12.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.099653675384946,"endHours":13.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.099653675384946,"endHours":14.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.099653675384946,"endHours":15.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.099653675384946,"endHours":16.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.099653675384946,"endHours":17.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.099653675384946,"endHours":18.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.099653675384946,"endHours":19.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.099653675384946,"endHours":20.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.099653675384946,"endHours":21.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.099653675384946,"endHours":22.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.099653675384946,"endHours":23.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.099653675384946,"endHours":24.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.099653675384946,"endHours":25.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.099653675384946,"endHours":26.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.099653675384946,"endHours":27.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.099653675384946,"endHours":28.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.099653675384946,"endHours":29.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.099653675384946,"endHours":30.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":30.099653675384946,"endHours":31.099653675384946,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":21.42180501676947,"eotMinutes":2.8918135302468597,"ayanamsa":21.9728}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1922,"vikram_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","saka_samvat":1787,"saka_samvatsara":"Krodhana","bengali_samvat":1272,"malayalam_era":1041,"nanakshahi_year":396,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_amanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Caturthī · Vikram 1922 Bahudhānya · Śaka 1787 Krodhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"vinayaka-chaturthi","name":"Vināyaka Caturthī (monthly)","name_sanskrit":"विनायक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Śukla-pakṣa Caturthī; auspicious for new ventures.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":4,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Punarvasu","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 28, 1865 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 28, 1865 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Caturthī, sūryodaya 07:06, sūryāsta 17:21.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1865-05-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1865-05-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1865-05-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1865-05-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1865-05-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T11:47:49.425Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T11:47:49.425Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T11:47:49.425Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}