{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:perth:1865-03-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1865-03-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1865-03-01","date_display":"March 1, 1865 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1865,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2402296.770833,"kali_year":4966,"ahargana":1813831.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":319.0083,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":1.1566,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":42.1484,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.1484},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":1.1566,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.1566},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":320.1649},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":7,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1865,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2402296.770833,"ahargana":1813831.2708,"kali_year":4966,"ayanamsa_lahiri":21.9694,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":318.53735499999993,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":3.6037549999999783,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.0368},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":55.60515499999997,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":306.1916550000001,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":246.37145499999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":6.849555000000009,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":188.99925499999995,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":194.4905,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":14.4905,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1865,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2402296.770833,"kali_year":4966,"ahargana":1813831.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":319.0083,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":1.1566,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":42.1484,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.1484},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":1.1566,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.1566},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":320.1649},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":7,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.037,"elongation":42.148},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.037,"opposition_distance":137.852}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"perth","name":"Perth, Australia","lat":-31.9505,"lon":115.8605,"tz_offset_hours":8,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:06","sunsetLocal":"18:53","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":12.771363873831241,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 46 Mins 17 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 13 Mins 43 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:52","moonsetLocal":"21:08","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:30","end":"14:05","startHours":12.493352335951911,"endHours":14.089772820180816,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:42","end":"09:18","startHours":7.704090883265195,"endHours":9.3005113674941,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:54","end":"12:30","startHours":10.896931851723005,"endHours":12.493352335951911,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:05","end":"09:31","startHours":9.087655302930246,"endHours":9.513367432057954,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:38","end":"06:59","startHours":6.639810560445925,"endHours":6.980380263748091,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:04","end":"12:55","startHours":12.067640206824203,"endHours":12.91906446507962,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:24","end":"05:15","startHours":4.404821882525457,"endHours":5.256246140780874,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:03","end":"06:06","startHours":5.04339007621702,"endHours":6.10767039903629,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:28","startHours":14.621912981590452,"endHours":15.473337239845868,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:41","end":"19:05","startHours":18.679034272867533,"endHours":19.07903427286753,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:53","end":"19:25","startHours":18.879034272867532,"endHours":19.411174434277168,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:38","end":"20:23","startHours":18.629034272867532,"endHours":20.379034272867532,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:04","end":"00:55","startHours":24.067640206824205,"endHours":24.919064465079618,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:06","end":"07:42","startHours":6.10767039903629,"endHours":7.704090883265195,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:42","end":"09:18","startHours":7.704090883265195,"endHours":9.3005113674941,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:18","end":"10:54","startHours":9.3005113674941,"endHours":10.896931851723005,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:54","end":"12:30","startHours":10.896931851723005,"endHours":12.493352335951911,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:30","end":"14:05","startHours":12.493352335951911,"endHours":14.089772820180816,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:05","end":"15:41","startHours":14.089772820180816,"endHours":15.68619330440972,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:41","end":"17:17","startHours":15.68619330440972,"endHours":17.282613788638628,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:17","end":"18:53","startHours":17.282613788638628,"endHours":18.879034272867532,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:53","end":"20:17","startHours":18.879034272867532,"endHours":20.282613788638628,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:17","end":"21:41","startHours":20.282613788638628,"endHours":21.68619330440972,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:41","end":"23:05","startHours":21.68619330440972,"endHours":23.089772820180816,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:05","end":"00:30","startHours":23.089772820180816,"endHours":24.49335233595191,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:30","end":"01:54","startHours":24.49335233595191,"endHours":25.896931851723007,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:54","end":"03:18","startHours":25.896931851723007,"endHours":27.300511367494103,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:18","end":"04:42","startHours":27.300511367494103,"endHours":28.704090883265195,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:42","end":"06:06","startHours":28.704090883265195,"endHours":30.10767039903629,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":6.10767039903629,"endHours":7.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.10767039903629,"endHours":8.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.10767039903629,"endHours":9.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.10767039903629,"endHours":10.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.10767039903629,"endHours":11.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.10767039903629,"endHours":12.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.10767039903629,"endHours":13.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.10767039903629,"endHours":14.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.10767039903629,"endHours":15.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.10767039903629,"endHours":16.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.10767039903629,"endHours":17.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.10767039903629,"endHours":18.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.10767039903629,"endHours":19.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.10767039903629,"endHours":20.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.10767039903629,"endHours":21.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.10767039903629,"endHours":22.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.10767039903629,"endHours":23.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.10767039903629,"endHours":24.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.10767039903629,"endHours":25.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.10767039903629,"endHours":26.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.10767039903629,"endHours":27.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.10767039903629,"endHours":28.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.10767039903629,"endHours":29.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.10767039903629,"endHours":30.10767039903629,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mānasa","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-7.626892828060038,"eotMinutes":-13.043140157114735,"ayanamsa":21.9694}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1922,"vikram_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","saka_samvat":1787,"saka_samvatsara":"Krodhana","bengali_samvat":1272,"malayalam_era":1041,"nanakshahi_year":396,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Śukla Caturthī · Vikram 1922 Bahudhānya · Śaka 1787 Krodhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"vinayaka-chaturthi","name":"Vināyaka Caturthī (monthly)","name_sanskrit":"विनायक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Śukla-pakṣa Caturthī; auspicious for new ventures.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":4,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"perth"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 1, 1865 CE · Perth, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 1, 1865 CE for Perth, Australia: Śukla Caturthī, sūryodaya 06:06, sūryāsta 18:53.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1865-03-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1865-03-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1865-03-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1865-03-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/perth/1865-03-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T13:49:03.746Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T13:49:03.746Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T13:49:03.746Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}