{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:patna:2028-10-07:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/patna/2028-10-07","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-10-07","date_display":"October 7, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":10,"day":7,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462051.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873586.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":169.2339,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":29.2987,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":220.0648,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.0648},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":29.2987,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6321},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":198.5327},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":36,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":10,"day":7,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462051.770833,"ahargana":1873586.2708,"kali_year":5130,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2548,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":170.04727400000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":27.43467400000003,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.8596},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":115.30537400000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":160.685974,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":164.96067399999993,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":130.775874,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":15.345074000000011,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":268.383,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":88.383,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":10,"day":7,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462051.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873586.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":169.2339,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":29.2987,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":220.0648,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.0648},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":29.2987,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6321},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":198.5327},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":36,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.86,"elongation":139.935},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.86,"opposition_distance":40.065}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"patna","name":"Patna, Bihar","lat":25.5941,"lon":85.1376,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Bihar","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"patna","name":"Patna, Bihar","lat":25.5941,"lon":85.1376,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Bihar","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:44","sunsetLocal":"17:29","solarNoonLocal":"11:36","dayLengthHours":11.762425762157186,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 45 Mins 45 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 14 Mins 15 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:27","moonsetLocal":"08:45","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:40","end":"10:08","startHours":8.667574389310376,"endHours":10.137877609580023,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:05","end":"14:33","startHours":13.078484050119322,"endHours":14.548787270388969,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:44","end":"07:12","startHours":5.72696794877108,"endHours":7.197271169040728,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:28","end":"08:52","startHours":8.47153395994109,"endHours":8.863614818679663,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:13","end":"06:32","startHours":6.217069022194296,"endHours":6.530733709185154,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:13","end":"12:00","startHours":11.216099971111099,"endHours":12.000261688588246,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:10","end":"04:57","startHours":4.158644513816788,"endHours":4.942806231293934,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:45","end":"05:44","startHours":4.7467658019246475,"endHours":5.72696794877108,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:34","end":"14:21","startHours":13.568585123542537,"endHours":14.352746841019682,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:17","end":"17:41","startHours":17.289393710928266,"endHours":17.689393710928265,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:29","end":"17:59","startHours":17.489393710928265,"endHours":17.97949478435148,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:14","end":"18:59","startHours":17.239393710928265,"endHours":18.989393710928265,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:13","end":"00:00","startHours":23.2160999711111,"endHours":24.000261688588246,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:44","end":"07:12","startHours":5.72696794877108,"endHours":7.197271169040728,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:12","end":"08:40","startHours":7.197271169040728,"endHours":8.667574389310376,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:40","end":"10:08","startHours":8.667574389310376,"endHours":10.137877609580023,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:08","end":"11:36","startHours":10.137877609580023,"endHours":11.608180829849672,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:36","end":"13:05","startHours":11.608180829849672,"endHours":13.078484050119322,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:05","end":"14:33","startHours":13.078484050119322,"endHours":14.548787270388969,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:33","end":"16:01","startHours":14.548787270388969,"endHours":16.019090490658616,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:01","end":"17:29","startHours":16.019090490658616,"endHours":17.489393710928265,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:29","end":"19:01","startHours":17.489393710928265,"endHours":19.019090490658616,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:01","end":"20:33","startHours":19.019090490658616,"endHours":20.54878727038897,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:33","end":"22:05","startHours":20.54878727038897,"endHours":22.07848405011932,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:05","end":"23:36","startHours":22.07848405011932,"endHours":23.608180829849672,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:36","end":"01:08","startHours":23.608180829849672,"endHours":25.137877609580023,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:08","end":"02:40","startHours":25.137877609580023,"endHours":26.667574389310374,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:40","end":"04:12","startHours":26.667574389310374,"endHours":28.19727116904073,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:12","end":"05:44","startHours":28.19727116904073,"endHours":29.72696794877108,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:44","end":"06:44","startHours":5.72696794877108,"endHours":6.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:44","end":"07:44","startHours":6.72696794877108,"endHours":7.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:44","end":"08:44","startHours":7.72696794877108,"endHours":8.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:44","end":"09:44","startHours":8.72696794877108,"endHours":9.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:44","end":"10:44","startHours":9.72696794877108,"endHours":10.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:44","end":"11:44","startHours":10.72696794877108,"endHours":11.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:44","end":"12:44","startHours":11.72696794877108,"endHours":12.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:44","end":"13:44","startHours":12.72696794877108,"endHours":13.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:44","end":"14:44","startHours":13.72696794877108,"endHours":14.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:44","end":"15:44","startHours":14.72696794877108,"endHours":15.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:44","end":"16:44","startHours":15.72696794877108,"endHours":16.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:44","end":"17:44","startHours":16.72696794877108,"endHours":17.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:44","end":"18:44","startHours":17.72696794877108,"endHours":18.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:44","end":"19:44","startHours":18.72696794877108,"endHours":19.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:44","end":"20:44","startHours":19.72696794877108,"endHours":20.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:44","end":"21:44","startHours":20.72696794877108,"endHours":21.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:44","end":"22:44","startHours":21.72696794877108,"endHours":22.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:44","end":"23:44","startHours":22.72696794877108,"endHours":23.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:44","end":"00:44","startHours":23.72696794877108,"endHours":24.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:44","end":"01:44","startHours":24.72696794877108,"endHours":25.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:44","end":"02:44","startHours":25.72696794877108,"endHours":26.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:44","end":"03:44","startHours":26.72696794877108,"endHours":27.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:44","end":"04:44","startHours":27.72696794877108,"endHours":28.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:44","end":"05:44","startHours":28.72696794877108,"endHours":29.72696794877108,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-5.638606729779756,"eotMinutes":12.958750209019716,"ayanamsa":24.2548}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_amanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Caturthī · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"karva-chauth","name":"Karvā Chauth","name_sanskrit":"करवा चौथ","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Pārvatī + Gaṇeśa + Chandra","significance":"North Indian wives' fast for husband's longevity. Kṛṣṇa Caturthī of Kārtika.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Kārtika"},"precedence":2},{"id":"sankashti-chaturthi","name":"Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī","name_sanskrit":"सङ्कष्टी चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Gaṇeśa vrata.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Karvā Chauth · Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī is not live yet; Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"patna"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 7, 2028 CE · Patna, Bihar · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 7, 2028 CE for Patna, Bihar: Kṛṣṇa Caturthī, sūryodaya 05:44, sūryāsta 17:29.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/patna/2028-10-07","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/patna/2028-10-07","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/patna/2028-10-07","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/patna/2028-10-07","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/patna/2028-10-07"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-07-27T18:19:54.544Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-07-27T18:19:54.544Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-07-27T18:19:54.544Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no founder-city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","Divyāṁśa-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}