{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:patna:2012-01-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/patna/2012-01-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2012-01-28","date_display":"January 28, 2012 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455954.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867489.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.4379,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":340.8033,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":57.3654,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.3654},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":340.8033,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.47},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":264.2413},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2012,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455954.770833,"ahargana":1867489.2708,"kali_year":5113,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0217,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.48192500000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":339.314225,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.2448},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":148.75782500000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":276.33702500000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":8.008224999999982,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":322.47682499999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":185.12832500000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":231.4314,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":51.4314,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455954.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867489.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.4379,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":340.8033,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":57.3654,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.3654},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":340.8033,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.47},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":264.2413},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.245,"elongation":57.365},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.245,"opposition_distance":122.635}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"patna","name":"Patna, Bihar","lat":25.5941,"lon":85.1376,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Bihar","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"patna","name":"Patna, Bihar","lat":25.5941,"lon":85.1376,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Bihar","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:35","sunsetLocal":"17:30","solarNoonLocal":"12:02","dayLengthHours":10.909330239858093,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 54 Mins 34 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 05 Mins 26 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:41","moonsetLocal":"21:51","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:19","end":"10:41","startHours":9.313071307283241,"endHours":10.676737587265503,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:24","end":"14:46","startHours":13.404070147230026,"endHours":14.767736427212288,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:35","end":"07:57","startHours":6.585738747318719,"endHours":7.949405027300981,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:08","end":"09:30","startHours":9.13124913661894,"endHours":9.494893477947544,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:02","end":"07:20","startHours":7.040294173979473,"endHours":7.331209647042355,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:41","end":"12:24","startHours":11.676759525919161,"endHours":12.404048208576368,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:08","end":"05:52","startHours":5.131161382004306,"endHours":5.858450064661513,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:41","end":"06:35","startHours":5.676627893997211,"endHours":6.585738747318719,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:52","end":"14:35","startHours":13.85862557389078,"endHours":14.585914256547987,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:18","end":"17:42","startHours":17.295068987176812,"endHours":17.69506898717681,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:30","end":"17:57","startHours":17.49506898717681,"endHours":17.949624413837565,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:15","end":"19:00","startHours":17.24506898717681,"endHours":18.99506898717681,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:41","end":"00:24","startHours":23.676759525919163,"endHours":24.404048208576366,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:35","end":"07:57","startHours":6.585738747318719,"endHours":7.949405027300981,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:57","end":"09:19","startHours":7.949405027300981,"endHours":9.313071307283241,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:19","end":"10:41","startHours":9.313071307283241,"endHours":10.676737587265503,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:41","end":"12:02","startHours":10.676737587265503,"endHours":12.040403867247765,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:02","end":"13:24","startHours":12.040403867247765,"endHours":13.404070147230026,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:24","end":"14:46","startHours":13.404070147230026,"endHours":14.767736427212288,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:46","end":"16:08","startHours":14.767736427212288,"endHours":16.13140270719455,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:08","end":"17:30","startHours":16.13140270719455,"endHours":17.49506898717681,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:30","end":"19:08","startHours":17.49506898717681,"endHours":19.13140270719455,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:08","end":"20:46","startHours":19.13140270719455,"endHours":20.767736427212288,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:46","end":"22:24","startHours":20.767736427212288,"endHours":22.404070147230026,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:24","end":"00:02","startHours":22.404070147230026,"endHours":24.040403867247765,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:02","end":"01:41","startHours":24.040403867247765,"endHours":25.676737587265503,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:41","end":"03:19","startHours":25.676737587265503,"endHours":27.31307130728324,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:19","end":"04:57","startHours":27.31307130728324,"endHours":28.94940502730098,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:57","end":"06:35","startHours":28.94940502730098,"endHours":30.585738747318718,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:35","end":"07:35","startHours":6.585738747318719,"endHours":7.585738747318719,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:35","end":"08:35","startHours":7.585738747318719,"endHours":8.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:35","end":"09:35","startHours":8.585738747318718,"endHours":9.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:35","end":"10:35","startHours":9.585738747318718,"endHours":10.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:35","end":"11:35","startHours":10.585738747318718,"endHours":11.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:35","end":"12:35","startHours":11.585738747318718,"endHours":12.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:35","end":"13:35","startHours":12.585738747318718,"endHours":13.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:35","end":"14:35","startHours":13.585738747318718,"endHours":14.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:35","end":"15:35","startHours":14.585738747318718,"endHours":15.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:35","end":"16:35","startHours":15.585738747318718,"endHours":16.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:35","end":"17:35","startHours":16.585738747318718,"endHours":17.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:35","end":"18:35","startHours":17.585738747318718,"endHours":18.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:35","end":"19:35","startHours":18.585738747318718,"endHours":19.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:35","end":"20:35","startHours":19.585738747318718,"endHours":20.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:35","end":"21:35","startHours":20.585738747318718,"endHours":21.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:35","end":"22:35","startHours":21.585738747318718,"endHours":22.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:35","end":"23:35","startHours":22.585738747318718,"endHours":23.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:35","end":"00:35","startHours":23.585738747318718,"endHours":24.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:35","end":"01:35","startHours":24.585738747318718,"endHours":25.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:35","end":"02:35","startHours":25.585738747318718,"endHours":26.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:35","end":"03:35","startHours":26.585738747318718,"endHours":27.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:35","end":"04:35","startHours":27.585738747318718,"endHours":28.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:35","end":"05:35","startHours":28.585738747318718,"endHours":29.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:35","end":"06:35","startHours":29.585738747318718,"endHours":30.585738747318718,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-18.392634681377228,"eotMinutes":-12.974632034865841,"ayanamsa":24.0217}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2069,"vikram_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","saka_samvat":1934,"saka_samvatsara":"Nandana","bengali_samvat":1419,"malayalam_era":1188,"nanakshahi_year":543,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2069 Viśvāvasu · Śaka 1934 Nandana"},"festivals":[{"id":"sarasvati-jayanti","name":"Sarasvatī Jayantī (Vasanta Pañchamī)","name_sanskrit":"सरस्वती जयन्ती / वसन्त पञ्चमी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sarasvatī (Vāk-tattva)","significance":"Manifestation of Devī Sarasvatī; vidyā-ārambha day; vasanta-ṛtu begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":5,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Skanda Purāṇa","Devī Bhāgavata"]}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"patna"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 28, 2012 CE · Patna, Bihar · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 28, 2012 CE for Patna, Bihar: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:35, sūryāsta 17:30.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/patna/2012-01-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/patna/2012-01-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/patna/2012-01-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/patna/2012-01-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/patna/2012-01-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T16:57:18.530Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T16:57:18.530Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T16:57:18.530Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}