{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:patna:2001-07-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/patna/2001-07-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-07-16","date_display":"July 16, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":7,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452106.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863641.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":89.2797,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":28.2245,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":298.9448,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.9448},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":28.2245,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.5578},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":117.5042},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":49,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":7,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452106.770833,"ahargana":1863641.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8745,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":89.719247,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":26.46904699999999,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.2945},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":231.29314699999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":69.96594700000003,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":66.73044700000003,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":47.443847000000005,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":46.71744699999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":75.317,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":255.317,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":7,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452106.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863641.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":89.2797,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":28.2245,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":298.9448,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.9448},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":28.2245,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.5578},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":117.5042},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":49,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.294,"elongation":61.055},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.294,"opposition_distance":118.945}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"patna","name":"Patna, Bihar","lat":25.5941,"lon":85.1376,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Bihar","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"patna","name":"Patna, Bihar","lat":25.5941,"lon":85.1376,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Bihar","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:08","sunsetLocal":"18:42","solarNoonLocal":"11:55","dayLengthHours":13.575652877937316,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 34 Mins 32 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 25 Mins 28 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:04","moonsetLocal":"14:20","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"06:50","end":"08:31","startHours":6.828002514378123,"endHours":8.524959124120286,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:13","end":"11:55","startHours":10.221915733862453,"endHours":11.918872343604615,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:37","end":"15:19","startHours":13.615828953346782,"endHours":15.312785563088944,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:18","end":"08:45","startHours":8.298698242821331,"endHours":8.751220005419242,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:42","end":"06:04","startHours":5.696698107883346,"endHours":6.058715517961675,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:28","end":"12:22","startHours":11.466350581006704,"endHours":12.371394106202526,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:19","end":"04:14","startHours":3.3209588542443162,"endHours":4.226002379440137,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:00","end":"05:08","startHours":3.9997414981411823,"endHours":5.131045904635958,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:11","end":"15:05","startHours":14.181481156594167,"endHours":15.086524681789987,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:30","end":"18:54","startHours":18.506698782573274,"endHours":18.906698782573272,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:42","end":"19:16","startHours":18.706698782573273,"endHours":19.272350985820662,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:27","end":"20:12","startHours":18.456698782573273,"endHours":20.206698782573273,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:28","end":"00:22","startHours":23.466350581006704,"endHours":24.371394106202526,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:08","end":"06:50","startHours":5.131045904635958,"endHours":6.828002514378123,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:50","end":"08:31","startHours":6.828002514378123,"endHours":8.524959124120286,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:31","end":"10:13","startHours":8.524959124120286,"endHours":10.221915733862453,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:13","end":"11:55","startHours":10.221915733862453,"endHours":11.918872343604615,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:55","end":"13:37","startHours":11.918872343604615,"endHours":13.615828953346782,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:37","end":"15:19","startHours":13.615828953346782,"endHours":15.312785563088944,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:19","end":"17:01","startHours":15.312785563088944,"endHours":17.00974217283111,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:01","end":"18:42","startHours":17.00974217283111,"endHours":18.706698782573273,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:42","end":"20:01","startHours":18.706698782573273,"endHours":20.00974217283111,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:01","end":"21:19","startHours":20.00974217283111,"endHours":21.312785563088944,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:19","end":"22:37","startHours":21.312785563088944,"endHours":22.615828953346778,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:37","end":"23:55","startHours":22.615828953346778,"endHours":23.918872343604615,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:55","end":"01:13","startHours":23.918872343604615,"endHours":25.221915733862453,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:13","end":"02:31","startHours":25.221915733862453,"endHours":26.524959124120286,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:31","end":"03:50","startHours":26.524959124120286,"endHours":27.82800251437812,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:50","end":"05:08","startHours":27.82800251437812,"endHours":29.131045904635958,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:08","end":"06:08","startHours":5.131045904635958,"endHours":6.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:08","end":"07:08","startHours":6.131045904635958,"endHours":7.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:08","end":"08:08","startHours":7.131045904635958,"endHours":8.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:08","end":"09:08","startHours":8.131045904635958,"endHours":9.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:08","end":"10:08","startHours":9.131045904635958,"endHours":10.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:08","end":"11:08","startHours":10.131045904635958,"endHours":11.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:08","end":"12:08","startHours":11.131045904635958,"endHours":12.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:08","end":"13:08","startHours":12.131045904635958,"endHours":13.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:08","end":"14:08","startHours":13.131045904635958,"endHours":14.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:08","end":"15:08","startHours":14.131045904635958,"endHours":15.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:08","end":"16:08","startHours":15.131045904635958,"endHours":16.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:08","end":"17:08","startHours":16.131045904635958,"endHours":17.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:08","end":"18:08","startHours":17.131045904635958,"endHours":18.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:08","end":"19:08","startHours":18.131045904635958,"endHours":19.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:08","end":"20:08","startHours":19.131045904635958,"endHours":20.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:08","end":"21:08","startHours":20.131045904635958,"endHours":21.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:08","end":"22:08","startHours":21.131045904635958,"endHours":22.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:08","end":"23:08","startHours":22.131045904635958,"endHours":23.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:08","end":"00:08","startHours":23.131045904635958,"endHours":24.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:08","end":"01:08","startHours":24.131045904635958,"endHours":25.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:08","end":"02:08","startHours":25.131045904635958,"endHours":26.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:08","end":"03:08","startHours":26.131045904635958,"endHours":27.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:08","end":"04:08","startHours":27.131045904635958,"endHours":28.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:08","end":"05:08","startHours":28.131045904635958,"endHours":29.131045904635958,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":21.375866287895587,"eotMinutes":-5.682740616276977,"ayanamsa":23.8745}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Daśamī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7, 6.34-35.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk","steps":[{"label":"BG 6.5","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/5","purpose":"Lift the self by the Self; begin the walk with inner responsibility."},{"label":"BG 6.6","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/6","purpose":"See the mind as friend when mastered and enemy when unmastered."},{"label":"BG 6.7","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/7","purpose":"Stabilize the conquered mind in heat/cold, honor/dishonor, pleasure/pain."},{"label":"BG 6.34","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/34","purpose":"Name the restless mind honestly before trying to discipline it."},{"label":"BG 6.35","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/35","purpose":"Complete with abhyāsa and vairāgya: practice and detachment."}]},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"patna"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 16, 2001 CE · Patna, Bihar · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 16, 2001 CE for Patna, Bihar: Kṛṣṇa Daśamī, sūryodaya 05:08, sūryāsta 18:42.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/patna/2001-07-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/patna/2001-07-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/patna/2001-07-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/patna/2001-07-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/patna/2001-07-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-24T11:18:39.431Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-24T11:18:39.431Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-24T11:18:39.431Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}