{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:paris:2014-05-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/paris/2014-05-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2014-05-01","date_display":"May 1, 2014 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2014,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456778.770833,"kali_year":5116,"ahargana":1868313.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.5804,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":40.2458,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":23.6654,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.6654},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":40.2458,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.2458},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":56.8263},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":3,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2014,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456778.770833,"ahargana":1868313.2708,"kali_year":5116,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0532,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.551842000000022,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":38.106742,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.4143},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":167.07224199999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":22.001941999999985,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":80.24234200000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":333.49294199999997,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":206.455242,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":187.772,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":7.772,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2014,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456778.770833,"kali_year":5116,"ahargana":1868313.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.5804,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":40.2458,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":23.6654,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.6654},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":40.2458,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.2458},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":56.8263},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":3,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.414,"elongation":23.665},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.414,"opposition_distance":156.335}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-2,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.461,"elongation":0.878}]},"city":{"slug":"paris","name":"Paris, France","lat":48.8566,"lon":2.3522,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"FR","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"paris","name":"Paris, France","lat":48.8566,"lon":2.3522,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"FR","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:31","sunsetLocal":"20:05","solarNoonLocal":"12:48","dayLengthHours":14.566057342953002,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 33 Mins 58 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 26 Mins 02 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:28","moonsetLocal":"22:00","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:37","end":"16:26","startHours":14.61531037905301,"endHours":16.436067546922136,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:31","end":"07:20","startHours":5.511524539707384,"endHours":7.332281707576509,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:09","end":"10:58","startHours":9.153038875445635,"endHours":10.97379604331476,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:55","end":"09:24","startHours":8.910271253063085,"endHours":9.395806497828184,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:07","end":"06:30","startHours":6.118443595663759,"endHours":6.50687179147584,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:19","end":"13:17","startHours":12.309017966418786,"endHours":13.280088455948984,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:34","end":"04:32","startHours":3.569383560646984,"endHours":4.540454050177184,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:18","end":"05:31","startHours":4.297686427794634,"endHours":5.511524539707384,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"15:13","end":"16:12","startHours":15.222229435009385,"endHours":16.193299924539584,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:53","end":"20:17","startHours":19.877581882660387,"endHours":20.277581882660385,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"20:05","end":"20:41","startHours":20.077581882660386,"endHours":20.68450093861676,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:50","end":"21:35","startHours":19.827581882660386,"endHours":21.577581882660386,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:19","end":"01:17","startHours":24.309017966418786,"endHours":25.280088455948984,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:31","end":"07:20","startHours":5.511524539707384,"endHours":7.332281707576509,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:20","end":"09:09","startHours":7.332281707576509,"endHours":9.153038875445635,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:09","end":"10:58","startHours":9.153038875445635,"endHours":10.97379604331476,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:58","end":"12:48","startHours":10.97379604331476,"endHours":12.794553211183885,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:48","end":"14:37","startHours":12.794553211183885,"endHours":14.61531037905301,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:37","end":"16:26","startHours":14.61531037905301,"endHours":16.436067546922136,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:26","end":"18:15","startHours":16.436067546922136,"endHours":18.25682471479126,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:15","end":"20:05","startHours":18.25682471479126,"endHours":20.077581882660386,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:05","end":"21:15","startHours":20.077581882660386,"endHours":21.25682471479126,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:15","end":"22:26","startHours":21.25682471479126,"endHours":22.436067546922136,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:26","end":"23:37","startHours":22.436067546922136,"endHours":23.61531037905301,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:37","end":"00:48","startHours":23.61531037905301,"endHours":24.794553211183885,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:48","end":"01:58","startHours":24.794553211183885,"endHours":25.97379604331476,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:58","end":"03:09","startHours":25.97379604331476,"endHours":27.153038875445635,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:09","end":"04:20","startHours":27.153038875445635,"endHours":28.33228170757651,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:20","end":"05:31","startHours":28.33228170757651,"endHours":29.511524539707384,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:31","end":"06:31","startHours":5.511524539707384,"endHours":6.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:31","end":"07:31","startHours":6.511524539707384,"endHours":7.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:31","end":"08:31","startHours":7.511524539707384,"endHours":8.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:31","end":"09:31","startHours":8.511524539707384,"endHours":9.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:31","end":"10:31","startHours":9.511524539707384,"endHours":10.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:31","end":"11:31","startHours":10.511524539707384,"endHours":11.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:31","end":"12:31","startHours":11.511524539707384,"endHours":12.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:31","end":"13:31","startHours":12.511524539707384,"endHours":13.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:31","end":"14:31","startHours":13.511524539707384,"endHours":14.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:31","end":"15:31","startHours":14.511524539707384,"endHours":15.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:31","end":"16:31","startHours":15.511524539707384,"endHours":16.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:31","end":"17:31","startHours":16.511524539707384,"endHours":17.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:31","end":"18:31","startHours":17.511524539707384,"endHours":18.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:31","end":"19:31","startHours":18.511524539707384,"endHours":19.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:31","end":"20:31","startHours":19.511524539707384,"endHours":20.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:31","end":"21:31","startHours":20.511524539707384,"endHours":21.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:31","end":"22:31","startHours":21.511524539707384,"endHours":22.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:31","end":"23:31","startHours":22.511524539707384,"endHours":23.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:31","end":"00:31","startHours":23.511524539707384,"endHours":24.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:31","end":"01:31","startHours":24.511524539707384,"endHours":25.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:31","end":"02:31","startHours":25.511524539707384,"endHours":26.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:31","end":"03:31","startHours":26.511524539707384,"endHours":27.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:31","end":"04:31","startHours":27.511524539707384,"endHours":28.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:31","end":"05:31","startHours":28.511524539707384,"endHours":29.511524539707384,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śubha","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":15.002465208140798,"eotMinutes":2.918007328966811,"ayanamsa":24.0532}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2071,"vikram_samvatsara":"Plavaṅga","saka_samvat":1936,"saka_samvatsara":"Jaya","bengali_samvat":1421,"malayalam_era":1190,"nanakshahi_year":545,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram 2071 Plavaṅga · Śaka 1936 Jaya"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Rohiṇī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"paris"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 1, 2014 CE · Paris, France · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 1, 2014 CE for Paris, France: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 05:31, sūryāsta 20:05.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/paris/2014-05-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/paris/2014-05-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/paris/2014-05-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/paris/2014-05-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/paris/2014-05-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T14:40:24.756Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T14:40:24.756Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T14:40:24.756Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}