{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:paris:2012-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/paris/2012-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2012-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 2012 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456139.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867674.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.656,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":257.8763,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":154.2203,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.2203},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":257.8763,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.543},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":1.5323},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2012,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456139.770833,"ahargana":1867674.2708,"kali_year":5114,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0287,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":104.21785599999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":256.53015600000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.6589},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":171.23625600000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":100.30945600000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":45.787756,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":59.27515600000004,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":179.507656,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":221.6293,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":41.6293,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456139.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867674.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.656,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":257.8763,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":154.2203,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.2203},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":257.8763,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.543},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":1.5323},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.659,"elongation":154.22},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.659,"opposition_distance":25.78}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"paris","name":"Paris, France","lat":48.8566,"lon":2.3522,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"FR","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"paris","name":"Paris, France","lat":48.8566,"lon":2.3522,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"FR","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:22","sunsetLocal":"20:31","solarNoonLocal":"12:57","dayLengthHours":15.14050794940201,"dayLengthDisplay":"15 Hours 08 Mins 26 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"8 Hours 51 Mins 34 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:58","moonsetLocal":"03:14","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:44","end":"18:37","startHours":16.729503229223017,"endHours":18.622066722898268,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:10","end":"11:03","startHours":9.15924925452201,"endHours":11.05181274819726,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:57","end":"14:50","startHours":12.944376241872511,"endHours":14.836939735547762,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:54","end":"09:25","startHours":8.90690745536531,"endHours":9.411591053678709,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:00","end":"06:25","startHours":6.004976765063257,"endHours":6.408723643713977,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:26","end":"13:27","startHours":12.439692643559113,"endHours":13.449059840185914,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:21","end":"04:22","startHours":3.3553878739179055,"endHours":4.364755070544707,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:07","end":"05:22","startHours":4.1124132713880055,"endHours":5.374122267171507,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"15:28","end":"16:29","startHours":15.467794233439516,"endHours":16.477161430066317,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"20:19","end":"20:43","startHours":20.31463021657352,"endHours":20.714630216573518,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"20:31","end":"21:09","startHours":20.51463021657352,"endHours":21.14548471446527,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"20:16","end":"22:01","startHours":20.26463021657352,"endHours":22.01463021657352,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:26","end":"01:27","startHours":24.439692643559113,"endHours":25.44905984018591,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:22","end":"07:16","startHours":5.374122267171507,"endHours":7.266685760846759,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:16","end":"09:10","startHours":7.266685760846759,"endHours":9.15924925452201,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:10","end":"11:03","startHours":9.15924925452201,"endHours":11.05181274819726,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:03","end":"12:57","startHours":11.05181274819726,"endHours":12.944376241872511,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:57","end":"14:50","startHours":12.944376241872511,"endHours":14.836939735547762,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:50","end":"16:44","startHours":14.836939735547762,"endHours":16.729503229223017,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:44","end":"18:37","startHours":16.729503229223017,"endHours":18.622066722898268,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"18:37","end":"20:31","startHours":18.622066722898268,"endHours":20.51463021657352,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:31","end":"21:37","startHours":20.51463021657352,"endHours":21.622066722898268,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:37","end":"22:44","startHours":21.622066722898268,"endHours":22.729503229223017,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:44","end":"23:50","startHours":22.729503229223017,"endHours":23.836939735547766,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:50","end":"00:57","startHours":23.836939735547766,"endHours":24.94437624187251,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:57","end":"02:03","startHours":24.94437624187251,"endHours":26.051812748197264,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:03","end":"03:10","startHours":26.051812748197264,"endHours":27.15924925452201,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:10","end":"04:16","startHours":27.15924925452201,"endHours":28.26668576084676,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:16","end":"05:22","startHours":28.26668576084676,"endHours":29.374122267171508,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:22","end":"06:22","startHours":5.374122267171507,"endHours":6.374122267171507,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:22","end":"07:22","startHours":6.374122267171507,"endHours":7.374122267171507,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:22","end":"08:22","startHours":7.374122267171507,"endHours":8.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:22","end":"09:22","startHours":8.374122267171508,"endHours":9.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:22","end":"10:22","startHours":9.374122267171508,"endHours":10.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:22","end":"11:22","startHours":10.374122267171508,"endHours":11.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:22","end":"12:22","startHours":11.374122267171508,"endHours":12.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:22","end":"13:22","startHours":12.374122267171508,"endHours":13.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:22","end":"14:22","startHours":13.374122267171508,"endHours":14.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:22","end":"15:22","startHours":14.374122267171508,"endHours":15.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:22","end":"16:22","startHours":15.374122267171508,"endHours":16.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:22","end":"17:22","startHours":16.374122267171508,"endHours":17.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:22","end":"18:22","startHours":17.374122267171508,"endHours":18.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:22","end":"19:22","startHours":18.374122267171508,"endHours":19.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:22","end":"20:22","startHours":19.374122267171508,"endHours":20.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:22","end":"21:22","startHours":20.374122267171508,"endHours":21.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:22","end":"22:22","startHours":21.374122267171508,"endHours":22.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:22","end":"23:22","startHours":22.374122267171508,"endHours":23.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:22","end":"00:22","startHours":23.374122267171508,"endHours":24.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:22","end":"01:22","startHours":24.374122267171508,"endHours":25.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:22","end":"02:22","startHours":25.374122267171508,"endHours":26.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:22","end":"03:22","startHours":26.374122267171508,"endHours":27.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:22","end":"04:22","startHours":27.374122267171508,"endHours":28.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:22","end":"05:22","startHours":28.374122267171508,"endHours":29.374122267171508,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhātṛ","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":18.201563174617185,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":24.0287}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2069,"vikram_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","saka_samvat":1934,"saka_samvatsara":"Nandana","bengali_samvat":1419,"malayalam_era":1188,"nanakshahi_year":543,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Trayodaśī · Vikram 2069 Viśvāvasu · Śaka 1934 Nandana"},"festivals":[{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"paris"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 2012 CE · Paris, France · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 2012 CE for Paris, France: Śukla Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 05:22, sūryāsta 20:31.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/paris/2012-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/paris/2012-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/paris/2012-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/paris/2012-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/paris/2012-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-30T23:59:39.402Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-30T23:59:39.402Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-30T23:59:39.402Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}