{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:paris:2002-02-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/paris/2002-02-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-02-28","date_display":"February 28, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452333.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863868.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.5371,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":143.6041,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":188.067,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.067},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":143.6041,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.2708},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":99.1412},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452333.770833,"ahargana":1863868.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8832,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.391974,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":144.82687399999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4357},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":5.004074000000003,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":289.579074,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":71.65077400000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":326.09697400000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":44.427974000000006,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":63.2894,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":243.2894,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452333.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863868.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.5371,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":143.6041,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":188.067,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.067},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":143.6041,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.2708},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":99.1412},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.436,"elongation":171.933},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.436,"opposition_distance":8.067}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"paris","name":"Paris, France","lat":48.8566,"lon":2.3522,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"FR","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"paris","name":"Paris, France","lat":48.8566,"lon":2.3522,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"FR","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"07:36","sunsetLocal":"18:32","solarNoonLocal":"13:04","dayLengthHours":10.923873003454482,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 55 Mins 26 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 04 Mins 34 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:17","moonsetLocal":"08:06","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:26","end":"15:48","startHours":14.4290551058656,"endHours":15.794539231297412,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:36","end":"08:58","startHours":7.601634478706551,"endHours":8.96711860413836,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:20","end":"11:42","startHours":10.332602729570171,"endHours":11.698086855001982,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"10:09","end":"10:31","startHours":10.150538179512596,"endHours":10.514667279627746,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"08:03","end":"08:21","startHours":8.056795853850488,"endHours":8.348099133942608,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:42","end":"13:26","startHours":12.699441880318641,"endHours":13.427700080548941,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:09","end":"06:52","startHours":6.145118078245953,"endHours":6.873376278476252,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:41","end":"07:36","startHours":6.691311728418677,"endHours":7.601634478706551,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:53","end":"15:37","startHours":14.884216481009538,"endHours":15.612474681239837,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:20","end":"18:44","startHours":18.325507482161033,"endHours":18.72550748216103,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:32","end":"18:59","startHours":18.525507482161032,"endHours":18.98066885730497,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:17","end":"20:02","startHours":18.275507482161032,"endHours":20.025507482161032,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:42","end":"01:26","startHours":24.69944188031864,"endHours":25.42770008054894,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:36","end":"08:58","startHours":7.601634478706551,"endHours":8.96711860413836,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:58","end":"10:20","startHours":8.96711860413836,"endHours":10.332602729570171,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:20","end":"11:42","startHours":10.332602729570171,"endHours":11.698086855001982,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:42","end":"13:04","startHours":11.698086855001982,"endHours":13.063570980433791,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:04","end":"14:26","startHours":13.063570980433791,"endHours":14.4290551058656,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:26","end":"15:48","startHours":14.4290551058656,"endHours":15.794539231297412,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:48","end":"17:10","startHours":15.794539231297412,"endHours":17.160023356729223,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:10","end":"18:32","startHours":17.160023356729223,"endHours":18.525507482161032,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:32","end":"20:10","startHours":18.525507482161032,"endHours":20.160023356729223,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:10","end":"21:48","startHours":20.160023356729223,"endHours":21.794539231297414,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:48","end":"23:26","startHours":21.794539231297414,"endHours":23.4290551058656,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:26","end":"01:04","startHours":23.4290551058656,"endHours":25.06357098043379,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:04","end":"02:42","startHours":25.06357098043379,"endHours":26.698086855001982,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:42","end":"04:20","startHours":26.698086855001982,"endHours":28.33260272957017,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:20","end":"05:58","startHours":28.33260272957017,"endHours":29.96711860413836,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:58","end":"07:36","startHours":29.96711860413836,"endHours":31.60163447870655,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:36","end":"08:36","startHours":7.601634478706551,"endHours":8.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:36","end":"09:36","startHours":8.60163447870655,"endHours":9.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:36","end":"10:36","startHours":9.60163447870655,"endHours":10.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:36","end":"11:36","startHours":10.60163447870655,"endHours":11.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:36","end":"12:36","startHours":11.60163447870655,"endHours":12.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:36","end":"13:36","startHours":12.60163447870655,"endHours":13.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:36","end":"14:36","startHours":13.60163447870655,"endHours":14.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:36","end":"15:36","startHours":14.60163447870655,"endHours":15.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:36","end":"16:36","startHours":15.60163447870655,"endHours":16.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:36","end":"17:36","startHours":16.60163447870655,"endHours":17.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:36","end":"18:36","startHours":17.60163447870655,"endHours":18.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:36","end":"19:36","startHours":18.60163447870655,"endHours":19.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:36","end":"20:36","startHours":19.60163447870655,"endHours":20.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:36","end":"21:36","startHours":20.60163447870655,"endHours":21.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:36","end":"22:36","startHours":21.60163447870655,"endHours":22.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:36","end":"23:36","startHours":22.60163447870655,"endHours":23.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:36","end":"00:36","startHours":23.60163447870655,"endHours":24.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:36","end":"01:36","startHours":24.60163447870655,"endHours":25.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:36","end":"02:36","startHours":25.60163447870655,"endHours":26.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:36","end":"03:36","startHours":26.60163447870655,"endHours":27.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:36","end":"04:36","startHours":27.60163447870655,"endHours":28.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:36","end":"05:36","startHours":28.60163447870655,"endHours":29.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:36","end":"06:36","startHours":29.60163447870655,"endHours":30.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:36","end":"07:36","startHours":30.60163447870655,"endHours":31.60163447870655,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-8.09122564778837,"eotMinutes":-13.223058826027486,"ayanamsa":23.8832}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"paris"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 28, 2002 CE · Paris, France · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 28, 2002 CE for Paris, France: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 07:36, sūryāsta 18:32.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/paris/2002-02-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/paris/2002-02-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/paris/2002-02-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/paris/2002-02-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/paris/2002-02-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T09:08:52.520Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T09:08:52.520Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T09:08:52.520Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}