{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:mumbai:2012-07-30:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mumbai/2012-07-30","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2012-07-30","date_display":"July 30, 2012 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":7,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456138.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867673.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":102.7057,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":243.4821,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":140.7765,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.7765},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2,"moon_longitude":243.4821,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.4821},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":346.1878},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2012,"month":7,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456138.770833,"ahargana":1867673.2708,"kali_year":5114,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0287,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.261595,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":242.18919499999993,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.6697},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":170.64339500000006,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":101.00359500000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":45.61519499999997,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":58.47079500000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":179.45239500000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":221.6822,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":41.6822,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":7,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456138.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867673.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":102.7057,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":243.4821,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":140.7765,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.7765},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2,"moon_longitude":243.4821,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.4821},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":346.1878},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.67,"elongation":140.776},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.67,"opposition_distance":39.224}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"mumbai","name":"Mumbai, Maharashtra","lat":19.076,"lon":72.8777,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"mega","elevation_m":14},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"mumbai","name":"Mumbai, Maharashtra","lat":19.076,"lon":72.8777,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"mega","elevation_m":14},"sunriseLocal":"06:14","sunsetLocal":"19:15","solarNoonLocal":"12:45","dayLengthHours":13.008021810651366,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 00 Mins 29 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 59 Mins 31 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:32","moonsetLocal":"03:29","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:52","end":"09:29","startHours":7.865389916285406,"endHours":9.491392642616827,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:07","end":"12:45","startHours":11.117395368948248,"endHours":12.74339809527967,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:22","end":"16:00","startHours":14.36940082161109,"endHours":15.99540354794251,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:16","end":"09:42","startHours":9.27459227910597,"endHours":9.708193006127683,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:47","end":"07:08","startHours":6.781388098731126,"endHours":7.128268680348496,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:19","end":"13:11","startHours":12.309797368257957,"endHours":13.176998822301382,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:30","end":"05:22","startHours":4.504984281867137,"endHours":5.372185735910561,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:09","end":"06:14","startHours":5.155385372399705,"endHours":6.239387189953986,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:55","end":"15:47","startHours":14.91140173038823,"endHours":15.778603184431654,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:03","end":"19:27","startHours":19.047409000605352,"endHours":19.44740900060535,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:15","end":"19:47","startHours":19.24740900060535,"endHours":19.789409909382492,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:00","end":"20:45","startHours":18.99740900060535,"endHours":20.74740900060535,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:19","end":"01:11","startHours":24.309797368257957,"endHours":25.176998822301382,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:14","end":"07:52","startHours":6.239387189953986,"endHours":7.865389916285406,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:52","end":"09:29","startHours":7.865389916285406,"endHours":9.491392642616827,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:29","end":"11:07","startHours":9.491392642616827,"endHours":11.117395368948248,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:07","end":"12:45","startHours":11.117395368948248,"endHours":12.74339809527967,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:45","end":"14:22","startHours":12.74339809527967,"endHours":14.36940082161109,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:22","end":"16:00","startHours":14.36940082161109,"endHours":15.99540354794251,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:00","end":"17:37","startHours":15.99540354794251,"endHours":17.62140627427393,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:37","end":"19:15","startHours":17.62140627427393,"endHours":19.24740900060535,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"19:15","end":"20:37","startHours":19.24740900060535,"endHours":20.62140627427393,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:37","end":"22:00","startHours":20.62140627427393,"endHours":21.99540354794251,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:00","end":"23:22","startHours":21.99540354794251,"endHours":23.369400821611087,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:22","end":"00:45","startHours":23.369400821611087,"endHours":24.74339809527967,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:45","end":"02:07","startHours":24.74339809527967,"endHours":26.117395368948248,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:07","end":"03:29","startHours":26.117395368948248,"endHours":27.491392642616827,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:29","end":"04:52","startHours":27.491392642616827,"endHours":28.86538991628541,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:52","end":"06:14","startHours":28.86538991628541,"endHours":30.239387189953987,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:14","end":"07:14","startHours":6.239387189953986,"endHours":7.239387189953986,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:14","end":"08:14","startHours":7.239387189953986,"endHours":8.239387189953986,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:14","end":"09:14","startHours":8.239387189953986,"endHours":9.239387189953986,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:14","end":"10:14","startHours":9.239387189953986,"endHours":10.239387189953986,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:14","end":"11:14","startHours":10.239387189953986,"endHours":11.239387189953986,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:14","end":"12:14","startHours":11.239387189953986,"endHours":12.239387189953986,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:14","end":"13:14","startHours":12.239387189953986,"endHours":13.239387189953986,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:14","end":"14:14","startHours":13.239387189953986,"endHours":14.239387189953986,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:14","end":"15:14","startHours":14.239387189953986,"endHours":15.239387189953986,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:14","end":"16:14","startHours":15.239387189953986,"endHours":16.239387189953987,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:14","end":"17:14","startHours":16.239387189953987,"endHours":17.239387189953987,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:14","end":"18:14","startHours":17.239387189953987,"endHours":18.239387189953987,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:14","end":"19:14","startHours":18.239387189953987,"endHours":19.239387189953987,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:14","end":"20:14","startHours":19.239387189953987,"endHours":20.239387189953987,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:14","end":"21:14","startHours":20.239387189953987,"endHours":21.239387189953987,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:14","end":"22:14","startHours":21.239387189953987,"endHours":22.239387189953987,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:14","end":"23:14","startHours":22.239387189953987,"endHours":23.239387189953987,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:14","end":"00:14","startHours":23.239387189953987,"endHours":24.239387189953987,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:14","end":"01:14","startHours":24.239387189953987,"endHours":25.239387189953987,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:14","end":"02:14","startHours":25.239387189953987,"endHours":26.239387189953987,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:14","end":"03:14","startHours":26.239387189953987,"endHours":27.239387189953987,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:14","end":"04:14","startHours":27.239387189953987,"endHours":28.239387189953987,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:14","end":"05:14","startHours":28.239387189953987,"endHours":29.239387189953987,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:14","end":"06:14","startHours":29.239387189953987,"endHours":30.239387189953987,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":18.44694852956954,"eotMinutes":-6.1146857167802535,"ayanamsa":24.0287}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2069,"vikram_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","saka_samvat":1934,"saka_samvatsara":"Nandana","bengali_samvat":1419,"malayalam_era":1188,"nanakshahi_year":543,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2069 Viśvāvasu · Śaka 1934 Nandana"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7, 6.34-35.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk","steps":[{"label":"BG 6.5","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/5","purpose":"Lift the self by the Self; begin the walk with inner responsibility."},{"label":"BG 6.6","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/6","purpose":"See the mind as friend when mastered and enemy when unmastered."},{"label":"BG 6.7","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/7","purpose":"Stabilize the conquered mind in heat/cold, honor/dishonor, pleasure/pain."},{"label":"BG 6.34","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/34","purpose":"Name the restless mind honestly before trying to discipline it."},{"label":"BG 6.35","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/35","purpose":"Complete with abhyāsa and vairāgya: practice and detachment."}]},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"mumbai"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 30, 2012 CE · Mumbai, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 30, 2012 CE for Mumbai, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:14, sūryāsta 19:15.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mumbai/2012-07-30","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mumbai/2012-07-30","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/mumbai/2012-07-30","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/mumbai/2012-07-30","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/mumbai/2012-07-30"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-24T08:18:56.400Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-24T08:18:56.400Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-24T08:18:56.400Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}