{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:melbourne:2028-02-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2028-02-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-02-01","date_display":"February 1, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":2,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461802.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873337.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.3859,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":350.0277,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":6,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":62.6418,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6418},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":350.0277,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.361},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":277.4136},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":10,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":2,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461802.770833,"ahargana":1873337.2708,"kali_year":5129,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2453,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.43998799999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":345.948688,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.1849},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":297.707988,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":289.98858799999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":152.46778799999993,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":327.82368799999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":358.161388,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":281.5763,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":101.5763,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":2,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461802.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873337.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.3859,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":350.0277,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":6,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":62.6418,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6418},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":350.0277,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.361},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":277.4136},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":10,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.185,"elongation":62.642},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.185,"opposition_distance":117.358}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:33","sunsetLocal":"19:34","solarNoonLocal":"12:34","dayLengthHours":14.014726612410888,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 00 Mins 53 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 59 Mins 07 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:37","moonsetLocal":"22:18","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:04","end":"17:49","startHours":16.06763078839265,"endHours":17.819471614944014,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:04","end":"10:49","startHours":9.060267482187207,"endHours":10.812108308738567,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:34","end":"14:19","startHours":12.563949135289928,"endHours":14.31578996184129,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:50","end":"09:18","startHours":8.826688705313693,"endHours":9.293846259060722,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:08","end":"06:31","startHours":6.140532771268272,"endHours":6.5142588142658955,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:06","end":"13:02","startHours":12.096791581542899,"endHours":13.031106689036957,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:41","end":"04:37","startHours":3.6879556140963663,"endHours":4.622270721590425,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:23","end":"05:33","startHours":4.388691944716911,"endHours":5.556585829084485,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:54","end":"15:50","startHours":14.899736904025078,"endHours":15.834052011519137,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:22","end":"19:46","startHours":19.371312441495373,"endHours":19.771312441495372,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:34","end":"20:09","startHours":19.571312441495373,"endHours":20.15525938367916,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:19","end":"21:04","startHours":19.321312441495373,"endHours":21.071312441495373,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:06","end":"01:02","startHours":24.0967915815429,"endHours":25.031106689036957,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:33","end":"07:19","startHours":5.556585829084485,"endHours":7.308426655635846,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:19","end":"09:04","startHours":7.308426655635846,"endHours":9.060267482187207,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:04","end":"10:49","startHours":9.060267482187207,"endHours":10.812108308738567,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:49","end":"12:34","startHours":10.812108308738567,"endHours":12.563949135289928,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:34","end":"14:19","startHours":12.563949135289928,"endHours":14.31578996184129,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:19","end":"16:04","startHours":14.31578996184129,"endHours":16.06763078839265,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:04","end":"17:49","startHours":16.06763078839265,"endHours":17.819471614944014,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:49","end":"19:34","startHours":17.819471614944014,"endHours":19.571312441495373,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:34","end":"20:49","startHours":19.571312441495373,"endHours":20.81947161494401,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:49","end":"22:04","startHours":20.81947161494401,"endHours":22.067630788392652,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:04","end":"23:19","startHours":22.067630788392652,"endHours":23.31578996184129,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:19","end":"00:34","startHours":23.31578996184129,"endHours":24.563949135289928,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:34","end":"01:49","startHours":24.563949135289928,"endHours":25.812108308738566,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:49","end":"03:04","startHours":25.812108308738566,"endHours":27.060267482187207,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:04","end":"04:19","startHours":27.060267482187207,"endHours":28.308426655635845,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:19","end":"05:33","startHours":28.308426655635845,"endHours":29.556585829084483,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:33","end":"06:33","startHours":5.556585829084485,"endHours":6.556585829084485,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:33","end":"07:33","startHours":6.556585829084485,"endHours":7.556585829084485,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:33","end":"08:33","startHours":7.556585829084485,"endHours":8.556585829084485,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:33","end":"09:33","startHours":8.556585829084485,"endHours":9.556585829084485,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:33","end":"10:33","startHours":9.556585829084485,"endHours":10.556585829084485,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:33","end":"11:33","startHours":10.556585829084485,"endHours":11.556585829084485,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:33","end":"12:33","startHours":11.556585829084485,"endHours":12.556585829084485,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:33","end":"13:33","startHours":12.556585829084485,"endHours":13.556585829084485,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:33","end":"14:33","startHours":13.556585829084485,"endHours":14.556585829084485,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:33","end":"15:33","startHours":14.556585829084485,"endHours":15.556585829084485,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:33","end":"16:33","startHours":15.556585829084485,"endHours":16.556585829084483,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:33","end":"17:33","startHours":16.556585829084483,"endHours":17.556585829084483,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:33","end":"18:33","startHours":17.556585829084483,"endHours":18.556585829084483,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:33","end":"19:33","startHours":18.556585829084483,"endHours":19.556585829084483,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:33","end":"20:33","startHours":19.556585829084483,"endHours":20.556585829084483,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:33","end":"21:33","startHours":20.556585829084483,"endHours":21.556585829084483,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:33","end":"22:33","startHours":21.556585829084483,"endHours":22.556585829084483,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:33","end":"23:33","startHours":22.556585829084483,"endHours":23.556585829084483,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:33","end":"00:33","startHours":23.556585829084483,"endHours":24.556585829084483,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:33","end":"01:33","startHours":24.556585829084483,"endHours":25.556585829084483,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:33","end":"02:33","startHours":25.556585829084483,"endHours":26.556585829084483,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:33","end":"03:33","startHours":26.556585829084483,"endHours":27.556585829084483,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:33","end":"04:33","startHours":27.556585829084483,"endHours":28.556585829084483,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:33","end":"05:33","startHours":28.556585829084483,"endHours":29.556585829084483,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-17.279315257585214,"eotMinutes":-13.689348117395623,"ayanamsa":24.2453}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"melbourne"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 1, 2028 CE · Melbourne, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 1, 2028 CE for Melbourne, Australia: Śukla Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 05:33, sūryāsta 19:34.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2028-02-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2028-02-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2028-02-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2028-02-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2028-02-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T22:43:41.339Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T22:43:41.339Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T22:43:41.339Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}