{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:melbourne:2022-04-30:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2022-04-30","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2022-04-30","date_display":"April 30, 2022 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2022,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459699.770833,"kali_year":5124,"ahargana":1871234.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":15.5466,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":7.3882,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":351.8416,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.8416},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":7.3882,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.3882},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":22.9348},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":58,"name":"Catuṣpāda"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2022,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459699.770833,"ahargana":1871234.2708,"kali_year":5124,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1649,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":15.531137999999999,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":6.236438000000021,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.9438},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":316.78033800000003,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":35.78733799999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":333.614338,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":332.55233799999996,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":300.1080380000001,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":33.0033,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":213.0033,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2022,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459699.770833,"kali_year":5124,"ahargana":1871234.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":15.5466,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":7.3882,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":351.8416,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.8416},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":7.3882,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.3882},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":22.9348},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":58,"name":"Catuṣpāda"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.944,"elongation":8.158},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.944,"opposition_distance":171.842}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":16,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.329,"opposition_distance":2.986}]},"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"07:00","sunsetLocal":"17:35","solarNoonLocal":"12:17","dayLengthHours":10.58000303234898,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 34 Mins 48 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 25 Mins 12 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:14","moonsetLocal":"17:07","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:39","end":"10:58","startHours":9.64436822209272,"endHours":10.96686860113634,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:37","end":"14:56","startHours":13.611869359223586,"endHours":14.934369738267208,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:00","end":"08:19","startHours":6.9993674640054735,"endHours":8.321867843049096,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:28","end":"09:49","startHours":9.468034838220236,"endHours":9.820701605965201,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:26","end":"07:43","startHours":7.440200923686681,"endHours":7.722334337882653,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:56","end":"12:39","startHours":11.936702212434998,"endHours":12.642035747924929,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:35","end":"06:18","startHours":5.58870039302561,"endHours":6.2940339285155416,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:07","end":"07:00","startHours":6.117700544643059,"endHours":6.9993674640054735,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:03","end":"14:45","startHours":14.052702818904795,"endHours":14.758036354394727,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:23","end":"17:47","startHours":17.379370496354454,"endHours":17.779370496354453,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:35","end":"18:01","startHours":17.579370496354453,"endHours":18.02020395603566,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:20","end":"19:05","startHours":17.329370496354453,"endHours":19.079370496354453,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:56","end":"00:39","startHours":23.936702212434998,"endHours":24.642035747924933,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:00","end":"08:19","startHours":6.9993674640054735,"endHours":8.321867843049096,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:19","end":"09:39","startHours":8.321867843049096,"endHours":9.64436822209272,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:39","end":"10:58","startHours":9.64436822209272,"endHours":10.96686860113634,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:58","end":"12:17","startHours":10.96686860113634,"endHours":12.289368980179963,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:17","end":"13:37","startHours":12.289368980179963,"endHours":13.611869359223586,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:37","end":"14:56","startHours":13.611869359223586,"endHours":14.934369738267208,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:56","end":"16:15","startHours":14.934369738267208,"endHours":16.256870117310832,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:15","end":"17:35","startHours":16.256870117310832,"endHours":17.579370496354453,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:35","end":"19:15","startHours":17.579370496354453,"endHours":19.256870117310832,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:15","end":"20:56","startHours":19.256870117310832,"endHours":20.934369738267208,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:56","end":"22:37","startHours":20.934369738267208,"endHours":22.611869359223586,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:37","end":"00:17","startHours":22.611869359223586,"endHours":24.289368980179965,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:17","end":"01:58","startHours":24.289368980179965,"endHours":25.96686860113634,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:58","end":"03:39","startHours":25.96686860113634,"endHours":27.64436822209272,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:39","end":"05:19","startHours":27.64436822209272,"endHours":29.321867843049098,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:19","end":"07:00","startHours":29.321867843049098,"endHours":30.999367464005473,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:00","end":"08:00","startHours":6.9993674640054735,"endHours":7.9993674640054735,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:00","end":"09:00","startHours":7.9993674640054735,"endHours":8.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:00","end":"10:00","startHours":8.999367464005473,"endHours":9.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:00","end":"11:00","startHours":9.999367464005473,"endHours":10.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:00","end":"12:00","startHours":10.999367464005473,"endHours":11.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:00","end":"13:00","startHours":11.999367464005473,"endHours":12.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:00","end":"14:00","startHours":12.999367464005473,"endHours":13.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:00","end":"15:00","startHours":13.999367464005473,"endHours":14.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:00","end":"16:00","startHours":14.999367464005473,"endHours":15.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:00","end":"17:00","startHours":15.999367464005473,"endHours":16.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:00","end":"18:00","startHours":16.999367464005473,"endHours":17.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:00","end":"19:00","startHours":17.999367464005473,"endHours":18.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:00","end":"20:00","startHours":18.999367464005473,"endHours":19.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:00","end":"21:00","startHours":19.999367464005473,"endHours":20.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:00","end":"22:00","startHours":20.999367464005473,"endHours":21.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:00","end":"23:00","startHours":21.999367464005473,"endHours":22.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:00","end":"00:00","startHours":22.999367464005473,"endHours":23.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:00","end":"01:00","startHours":23.999367464005473,"endHours":24.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:00","end":"02:00","startHours":24.999367464005473,"endHours":25.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:00","end":"03:00","startHours":25.999367464005473,"endHours":26.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:00","end":"04:00","startHours":26.999367464005473,"endHours":27.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:00","end":"05:00","startHours":27.999367464005473,"endHours":28.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:00","end":"06:00","startHours":28.999367464005473,"endHours":29.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:00","end":"07:00","startHours":29.999367464005473,"endHours":30.999367464005473,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":14.716562050618846,"eotMinutes":2.785461189202204,"ayanamsa":24.1649}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2079,"vikram_samvatsara":"Rākṣasa","saka_samvat":1944,"saka_samvatsara":"Śubhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1429,"malayalam_era":1198,"nanakshahi_year":553,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 2079 Rākṣasa · Śaka 1944 Śubhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"melbourne"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 30, 2022 CE · Melbourne, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 30, 2022 CE for Melbourne, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 07:00, sūryāsta 17:35.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2022-04-30","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2022-04-30","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2022-04-30","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2022-04-30","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2022-04-30"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T18:28:53.808Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T18:28:53.808Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T18:28:53.808Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}