{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:melbourne:2016-01-29:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2016-01-29","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-01-29","date_display":"January 29, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":1,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457416.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868951.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":284.4254,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":163.2959,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":238.8705,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.8705},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1,"moon_longitude":163.2959,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.2959},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":87.7213},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":1,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457416.770833,"ahargana":1868951.2708,"kali_year":5117,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0776,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":284.471366,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":160.87856599999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.7287},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":199.16486600000007,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":261.12006599999995,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":147.744866,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":252.07106599999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":229.58476599999995,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":153.9676,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":333.9676,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":1,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457416.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868951.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":284.4254,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":163.2959,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":238.8705,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.8705},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1,"moon_longitude":163.2959,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.2959},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":87.7213},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.729,"elongation":121.13},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.729,"opposition_distance":58.87}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:30","sunsetLocal":"19:37","solarNoonLocal":"12:33","dayLengthHours":14.115259357626568,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 06 Mins 55 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 53 Mins 05 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:10","moonsetLocal":"10:28","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:47","end":"12:33","startHours":10.790921279841914,"endHours":12.555328699545235,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"16:05","end":"17:51","startHours":16.084143538951878,"endHours":17.8485509586552,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:16","end":"09:02","startHours":7.262106440435273,"endHours":9.026513860138595,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:47","end":"09:16","startHours":8.791259537511484,"endHours":9.261768182765703,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:05","end":"06:28","startHours":6.085834827299726,"endHours":6.462241743503101,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:05","end":"13:02","startHours":12.084820054291018,"endHours":13.025837344799456,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:37","end":"04:33","startHours":3.6156644397150766,"endHours":4.556681730223514,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:19","end":"05:30","startHours":4.3214274075964045,"endHours":5.497699020731952,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:54","end":"15:51","startHours":14.90787192581633,"endHours":15.848889216324768,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:25","end":"19:49","startHours":19.41295837835852,"endHours":19.81295837835852,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:37","end":"20:12","startHours":19.61295837835852,"endHours":20.201094184926294,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:22","end":"21:07","startHours":19.36295837835852,"endHours":21.11295837835852,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:05","end":"01:02","startHours":24.084820054291015,"endHours":25.025837344799456,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:30","end":"07:16","startHours":5.497699020731952,"endHours":7.262106440435273,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:16","end":"09:02","startHours":7.262106440435273,"endHours":9.026513860138595,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:02","end":"10:47","startHours":9.026513860138595,"endHours":10.790921279841914,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:47","end":"12:33","startHours":10.790921279841914,"endHours":12.555328699545235,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:33","end":"14:19","startHours":12.555328699545235,"endHours":14.319736119248557,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:19","end":"16:05","startHours":14.319736119248557,"endHours":16.084143538951878,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:05","end":"17:51","startHours":16.084143538951878,"endHours":17.8485509586552,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:51","end":"19:37","startHours":17.8485509586552,"endHours":19.61295837835852,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"19:37","end":"20:51","startHours":19.61295837835852,"endHours":20.8485509586552,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:51","end":"22:05","startHours":20.8485509586552,"endHours":22.084143538951878,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:05","end":"23:19","startHours":22.084143538951878,"endHours":23.319736119248557,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:19","end":"00:33","startHours":23.319736119248557,"endHours":24.555328699545235,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:33","end":"01:47","startHours":24.555328699545235,"endHours":25.790921279841914,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:47","end":"03:02","startHours":25.790921279841914,"endHours":27.026513860138593,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:02","end":"04:16","startHours":27.026513860138593,"endHours":28.262106440435275,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:16","end":"05:30","startHours":28.262106440435275,"endHours":29.49769902073195,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:30","end":"06:30","startHours":5.497699020731952,"endHours":6.497699020731952,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:30","end":"07:30","startHours":6.497699020731952,"endHours":7.497699020731952,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:30","end":"08:30","startHours":7.497699020731952,"endHours":8.497699020731952,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:30","end":"09:30","startHours":8.497699020731952,"endHours":9.497699020731952,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:30","end":"10:30","startHours":9.497699020731952,"endHours":10.497699020731952,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:30","end":"11:30","startHours":10.497699020731952,"endHours":11.497699020731952,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:30","end":"12:30","startHours":11.497699020731952,"endHours":12.497699020731952,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:30","end":"13:30","startHours":12.497699020731952,"endHours":13.497699020731952,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:30","end":"14:30","startHours":13.497699020731952,"endHours":14.497699020731952,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:30","end":"15:30","startHours":14.497699020731952,"endHours":15.497699020731952,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:30","end":"16:30","startHours":15.497699020731952,"endHours":16.49769902073195,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:30","end":"17:30","startHours":16.49769902073195,"endHours":17.49769902073195,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:30","end":"18:30","startHours":17.49769902073195,"endHours":18.49769902073195,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:30","end":"19:30","startHours":18.49769902073195,"endHours":19.49769902073195,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:30","end":"20:30","startHours":19.49769902073195,"endHours":20.49769902073195,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:30","end":"21:30","startHours":20.49769902073195,"endHours":21.49769902073195,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:30","end":"22:30","startHours":21.49769902073195,"endHours":22.49769902073195,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:30","end":"23:30","startHours":22.49769902073195,"endHours":23.49769902073195,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:30","end":"00:30","startHours":23.49769902073195,"endHours":24.49769902073195,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:30","end":"01:30","startHours":24.49769902073195,"endHours":25.49769902073195,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:30","end":"02:30","startHours":25.49769902073195,"endHours":26.49769902073195,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:30","end":"03:30","startHours":26.49769902073195,"endHours":27.49769902073195,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:30","end":"04:30","startHours":27.49769902073195,"endHours":28.49769902073195,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:30","end":"05:30","startHours":28.49769902073195,"endHours":29.49769902073195,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-18.122939119210777,"eotMinutes":-13.172121972714217,"ayanamsa":24.0776}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"melbourne"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 29, 2016 CE · Melbourne, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 29, 2016 CE for Melbourne, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 05:30, sūryāsta 19:37.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2016-01-29","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2016-01-29","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2016-01-29","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2016-01-29","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2016-01-29"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T16:23:32.966Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T16:23:32.966Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T16:23:32.966Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}