{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:melbourne:2016-01-09:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2016-01-09","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-01-09","date_display":"January 9, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":1,"day":9,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457396.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868931.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":263.9068,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":250.0927,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":346.1859,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.1859},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4,"moon_longitude":250.0927,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.0927},"yoga":{"number":12,"name":"Dhruva","sum_longitude":153.9994},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":1,"day":9,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457396.770833,"ahargana":1868931.2708,"kali_year":5117,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0768,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":264.11352999999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":251.46592999999996,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4824},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":188.66673000000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":275.60052999999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":148.43193000000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":227.53543000000002,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":227.69653000000005,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":155.0273,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":335.0273,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":1,"day":9,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457396.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868931.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":263.9068,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":250.0927,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":346.1859,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.1859},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4,"moon_longitude":250.0927,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.0927},"yoga":{"number":12,"name":"Dhruva","sum_longitude":153.9994},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.482,"elongation":13.814},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.482,"opposition_distance":166.186}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"melbourne","name":"Melbourne, Australia","lat":-37.8136,"lon":144.9631,"tz_offset_hours":10,"country":"AU","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:09","sunsetLocal":"19:46","solarNoonLocal":"12:27","dayLengthHours":14.622604621188499,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 37 Mins 21 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 22 Mins 39 Secs","moonriseLocal":"04:15","moonsetLocal":"18:58","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:48","end":"10:38","startHours":8.798547016675853,"endHours":10.626372594324415,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:17","end":"16:07","startHours":14.282023749621539,"endHours":16.1098493272701,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:09","end":"06:58","startHours":5.142895861378728,"endHours":6.97072143902729,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:33","end":"09:03","startHours":8.554836939656044,"endHours":9.04225709369566,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:45","end":"06:09","startHours":5.752171053928248,"endHours":6.142107177159941,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:58","end":"12:56","startHours":11.96677801793336,"endHours":12.941618326012593,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:12","end":"04:10","startHours":3.1932152452202613,"endHours":4.168055553299494,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:55","end":"05:09","startHours":3.924345476279686,"endHours":5.142895861378728,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:53","end":"15:52","startHours":14.89129894217106,"endHours":15.866139250250294,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:34","end":"19:58","startHours":19.565500482567227,"endHours":19.965500482567226,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:46","end":"20:22","startHours":19.765500482567226,"endHours":20.374775675116748,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:31","end":"21:16","startHours":19.515500482567226,"endHours":21.265500482567226,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:58","end":"00:56","startHours":23.96677801793336,"endHours":24.94161832601259,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:09","end":"06:58","startHours":5.142895861378728,"endHours":6.97072143902729,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:58","end":"08:48","startHours":6.97072143902729,"endHours":8.798547016675853,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:48","end":"10:38","startHours":8.798547016675853,"endHours":10.626372594324415,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:38","end":"12:27","startHours":10.626372594324415,"endHours":12.454198171972976,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:27","end":"14:17","startHours":12.454198171972976,"endHours":14.282023749621539,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:17","end":"16:07","startHours":14.282023749621539,"endHours":16.1098493272701,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:07","end":"17:56","startHours":16.1098493272701,"endHours":17.937674904918666,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:56","end":"19:46","startHours":17.937674904918666,"endHours":19.765500482567226,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"19:46","end":"20:56","startHours":19.765500482567226,"endHours":20.937674904918666,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:56","end":"22:07","startHours":20.937674904918666,"endHours":22.1098493272701,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:07","end":"23:17","startHours":22.1098493272701,"endHours":23.28202374962154,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:17","end":"00:27","startHours":23.28202374962154,"endHours":24.454198171972976,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:27","end":"01:38","startHours":24.454198171972976,"endHours":25.626372594324415,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:38","end":"02:48","startHours":25.626372594324415,"endHours":26.798547016675855,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:48","end":"03:58","startHours":26.798547016675855,"endHours":27.97072143902729,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:58","end":"05:09","startHours":27.97072143902729,"endHours":29.142895861378726,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:09","end":"06:09","startHours":5.142895861378728,"endHours":6.142895861378728,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:09","end":"07:09","startHours":6.142895861378728,"endHours":7.142895861378728,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:09","end":"08:09","startHours":7.142895861378728,"endHours":8.142895861378728,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:09","end":"09:09","startHours":8.142895861378728,"endHours":9.142895861378728,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:09","end":"10:09","startHours":9.142895861378728,"endHours":10.142895861378728,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:09","end":"11:09","startHours":10.142895861378728,"endHours":11.142895861378728,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:09","end":"12:09","startHours":11.142895861378728,"endHours":12.142895861378728,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:09","end":"13:09","startHours":12.142895861378728,"endHours":13.142895861378728,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:09","end":"14:09","startHours":13.142895861378728,"endHours":14.142895861378728,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:09","end":"15:09","startHours":14.142895861378728,"endHours":15.142895861378728,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:09","end":"16:09","startHours":15.142895861378728,"endHours":16.142895861378726,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:09","end":"17:09","startHours":16.142895861378726,"endHours":17.142895861378726,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:09","end":"18:09","startHours":17.142895861378726,"endHours":18.142895861378726,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:09","end":"19:09","startHours":18.142895861378726,"endHours":19.142895861378726,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:09","end":"20:09","startHours":19.142895861378726,"endHours":20.142895861378726,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:09","end":"21:09","startHours":20.142895861378726,"endHours":21.142895861378726,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:09","end":"22:09","startHours":21.142895861378726,"endHours":22.142895861378726,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:09","end":"23:09","startHours":22.142895861378726,"endHours":23.142895861378726,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:09","end":"00:09","startHours":23.142895861378726,"endHours":24.142895861378726,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:09","end":"01:09","startHours":24.142895861378726,"endHours":25.142895861378726,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:09","end":"02:09","startHours":25.142895861378726,"endHours":26.142895861378726,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:09","end":"03:09","startHours":26.142895861378726,"endHours":27.142895861378726,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:09","end":"04:09","startHours":27.142895861378726,"endHours":28.142895861378726,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:09","end":"05:09","startHours":28.142895861378726,"endHours":29.142895861378726,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-22.200921807158533,"eotMinutes":-7.10429031837854,"ayanamsa":24.0768}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5},{"id":"masika-shivaratri","name":"Māsika Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"मासिक शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Monthly Śiva observance.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"melbourne"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 9, 2016 CE · Melbourne, Australia · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 9, 2016 CE for Melbourne, Australia: Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 05:09, sūryāsta 19:46.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2016-01-09","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2016-01-09","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2016-01-09","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2016-01-09","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/melbourne/2016-01-09"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T16:52:11.584Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T16:52:11.584Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T16:52:11.584Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}